The most unusual feats of the Great Patriotic War. Heroes of our time - the exploits of ordinary people Heroic deeds in World War II
Fifty great feats of Soviet soldiers worthy of memory and admiration...
1) Only 30 minutes were allocated by the Wehrmacht command to suppress the resistance of the border guards. However, the 13th outpost under the command of A. Lopatin fought for more than 10 days and the Brest Fortress for more than a month.
2) At 4 hours 25 minutes on June 22, 1941, the pilot, Senior Lieutenant I. Ivanov, made an air ram. This was the first feat during the war; awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
3) The border guards and units of the Red Army launched the first counterattack on June 23rd. They liberated the city of Przemysl, and two groups of border guards broke into Zasanye (the territory of Poland occupied by Germany), where they defeated the headquarters of the German division and the Gestapo, while freeing many prisoners.
4) During heavy battles with tanks and assault guns of the enemy, the gunner of the 76 mm gun of the 636th anti-tank artillery regiment Alexander Serov destroyed 18 tanks and assault guns of the Nazis during June 23 and 24, 1941. Relatives received two funerals, but the brave warrior survived. Recently, the veteran was awarded the title of Hero of Russia.
5) On the night of August 8, 1941, a group of bombers of the Baltic Fleet under the command of Colonel E. Preobrazhensky made the first air raid on Berlin. Such raids continued until September 4th.
6) Lieutenant Dmitry Lavrinenko from the 4th tank brigade is considered to be the number one tank ace. For three months of fighting in September-November 1941, he destroyed 52 enemy tanks in 28 battles. Unfortunately, the brave tanker died in November 1941 near Moscow.
7) The unique record of the Great Patriotic War was set by the crew of Senior Lieutenant Zinovy Kolobanov on the KV tank from the 1st Panzer Division. For 3 hours of battle in the area of the state farm "Voiskovitsy" (Leningrad region), he destroyed 22 enemy tanks.
8) In the battle for Zhitomir near the Nizhnekumsky farm on December 31, 1943, the crew of junior lieutenant Ivan Golub (13th Guards Tank Brigade of the 4th Guards Tank Corps.) Destroyed 5 "tigers", 2 "panthers", 5 hundred guns fascists.
9) An anti-tank gun crew consisting of Senior Sergeant R. Sinyavsky and Corporal A. Mukozobov (542nd Infantry Regiment, 161st Rifle Division) in the battles near Minsk from June 22 to June 26 destroyed 17 tanks and assault guns of the enemy. For this feat, the soldiers were awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
10) Calculation of the guns of the 197th Guards. regiment of the 92nd Guards. rifle division (howitzer 152 mm) consisting of the brothers of the guard senior sergeant Dmitry Lukanin and guard sergeant Yakov Lukanin from October 1943 to the end of the war destroyed 37 tanks and armored personnel carriers and more than 600 enemy soldiers and officers. For the battle near the village of Kaluzhino, Dnepropetrovsk region, the fighters were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Now their 152-mm howitzer cannon is installed in the Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineering and Signal Corps. (Saint Petersburg).
11) Sergeant Petr Petrov, the commander of the 37 mm gun crew of the 93rd separate anti-aircraft artillery battalion, is rightfully considered the most productive ace-anti-aircraft gunner. In June-September 1942, his crew destroyed 20 enemy aircraft. The calculation under the command of a senior sergeant (632nd anti-aircraft artillery regiment) destroyed 18 enemy aircraft.
12) For two years, the calculation of 37 mm guns of 75 guards. army anti-aircraft artillery regiment under the command of Guards. Sergeant Nikolai Botsman destroyed 15 enemy aircraft. The latter were shot down in the skies over Berlin.
13) Gunner of the 1st Baltic Front Claudia Barkhotkina hit 12 enemy air targets.
14) The most productive of the Soviet boatmen was Lieutenant Commander Alexander Shabalin (Northern Fleet), he led the destruction of 32 enemy warships and transports (as a commander of a boat, a flight and a detachment of torpedo boats). For his exploits, A. Shabalin was twice awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
15) For several months of fighting on the Bryansk Front, a soldier of the fighter detachment, Private Vasily Putchin, destroyed 37 enemy tanks with grenades and Molotov cocktails alone.
16) At the height of the fighting on the Kursk Bulge on July 7, 1943, the machine gunner of the 1019th regiment, senior sergeant Yakov Studennikov, alone (the rest of his crew died) fought for two days. Having been wounded, he managed to repel 10 Nazi attacks and destroyed more than 300 Nazis. For the accomplished feat, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
17) About the feat of soldiers 316 s.d. (Division Major General I. Panfilov) at the well-known Dubosekovo junction on November 16, 1941, 28 tank destroyers met the attack of 50 tanks, of which 18 were destroyed. Hundreds of enemy soldiers found their end at Dubosekovo. But few people know about the feat of the fighters of the 1378th regiment of the 87th division. On December 17, 1942, in the area of the village of Verkhne-Kumsky, the fighters of the company of senior lieutenant Nikolai Naumov with two crews of anti-tank rifles, while defending a height of 1372 m, repelled 3 attacks of enemy tanks and infantry. The next day, more attacks. All 24 fighters died defending the height, but the enemy lost 18 tanks and hundreds of infantrymen.
18) In the battle near Stalingrad on September 1, 1943, machine gunner Sergeant Khanpasha Nuradilov destroyed 920 Nazis.
19) In the Battle of Stalingrad in one battle on December 21, 1942, Marine I. Kaplunov knocked out 9 enemy tanks. He knocked out 5 and, being seriously wounded, disabled 4 more tanks.
20) In the days of the Battle of Kursk on July 6, 1943, Guard Pilot Lieutenant A. Gorovets took the fight with 20 enemy aircraft, and shot down 9 of them.
21) On account of the crew of the submarine under the command of P. Grishchenko 19 sunk enemy ships, and in the initial period of the war.
22) Pilot of the Northern Fleet B. Safonov from June 1941 to May 1942 shot down 30 enemy aircraft and became the first twice Hero of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic War.
23) During the defense of Leningrad, sniper F. Dyachenko destroyed 425 Nazis.
24) The Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces adopted the first Decree on conferring the title of Hero of the Soviet Union during the war on July 8, 1941. It was awarded to pilots M. Zhukov, S. Zdorovets, P. Kharitonov for air ramming in the sky of Leningrad.
25) The famous pilot I. Kozhedub received the third Gold Star - at the age of 25, the gunner A. Shilin received the second Gold Star - at the age of 20.
26) During the Great Patriotic War, five schoolchildren under the age of 16 received the title of Hero: Sasha Chekalin and Lenya Golikov - at the age of 15, Valya Kotik, Marat Kazei and Zina Portnova - at the age of 14.
27) The heroes of the Soviet Union were the pilots brothers Boris and Dmitry Glinka (Dmitry later became twice a Hero), the tankers Yevsey and Matvey Vainruba, the partisans Evgeny and Gennady Ignatov, the pilots Tamara and Vladimir Konstantinov, Zoya and Alexander Kosmodemyansky, the brothers pilots Sergei and Alexander Kurzenkov, brothers Alexander and Peter Lizyukov, twin brothers Dmitry and Yakov Lukanin, brothers Nikolai and Mikhail Panichkin.
28) More than 300 Soviet soldiers closed the enemy embrasures with their bodies, about 500 aviators used an air ram in battle, more than 300 crews sent the wrecked planes to enemy troop concentrations.
29) During the war years, more than 6,200 partisan detachments and underground groups operated behind enemy lines, in which there were over 1,000,000 people's avengers.
30) During the war years, 5,300,000 orders and 7,580,000 medals were awarded.
31) There were about 600,000 women in the active army, more than 150,000 of them were awarded orders and medals, 86 were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
32) 10900 regiments and divisions were awarded the Order of the USSR, 29 units and formations have 5 or more awards.
33) During the years of the Great Patriotic War, 41,000 people were awarded the Order of Lenin, of which 36,000 were awarded for military exploits. More than 200 military units and formations were awarded the Order of Lenin.
34) More than 300,000 people were awarded the Order of the Red Banner during the war years.
35) For exploits during the Great Patriotic War, more than 2,860,000 awards were made with the Order of the Red Star.
36) The Order of Suvorov of the 1st degree was first awarded to G. Zhukov, the Order of Suvorov of the 2nd degree No. 1 was received by Major General of Tank Forces V. Badanov.
37) The Order of Kutuzov 1st degree No. 1 was awarded to Lieutenant General N. Galanin, the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky 1st degree No. 1 was received by General A. Danilo.
38) During the war years, the Order of Suvorov of the 1st degree was awarded 340, the 2nd degree - 2100, the 3rd degree - 300, the Order of Ushakov of the 1st degree - 30, the 2nd degree - 180, the Order of Kutuzov 1st degree - 570, 2nd degree - 2570, 3rd degree - 2200, Order of Nakhimov 1st degree - 70, 2nd degree - 350, Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky 1st degree - 200, 2nd degree - 1450 , 3rd degree - 5400, the Order of Alexander Nevsky - 40,000.
39) The Order of the Great Patriotic War 1st class No. 1 was awarded to the family of the deceased senior political officer V. Konyukhov.
40) The Order of the Great War of the 2nd degree was awarded to the parents of the deceased Senior Lieutenant P. Razhkin.
41) N. Petrov received six Orders of the Red Banner during the Great Patriotic War. Four Orders of the Patriotic War marked the feat of N. Yanenkov and D. Panchuk. The merits of I. Panchenko were awarded with six Orders of the Red Star.
42) Order of Glory 1st degree No. 1 received foreman N. Zalyotov.
43) 2577 people became full cavaliers of the Order of Glory. After the soldiers, 8 full cavaliers of the Order of Glory became Heroes of Socialist Labor.
44) During the war years, the Order of Glory of the 3rd degree was awarded to about 980,000 people, the 2nd and 1st degrees - more than 46,000 people.
45) Only 4 people - Hero of the Soviet Union - are full holders of the Order of Glory. These are artillerymen of the guard senior sergeants A. Alyoshin and N. Kuznetsov, infantry foreman P. Dubina, pilot senior lieutenant I. Drachenko, who lived in Kyiv for the last years of his life.
46) During the Great Patriotic War, the medal "For Courage" was awarded to more than 4,000,000 people, "For Military Merit" - 3,320,000.
47) The feat of arms of intelligence officer V. Breev was awarded with six medals "For Courage".
48) The youngest of those awarded the medal "For Military Merit" is six-year-old Seryozha Aleshkov.
49) The medal "Partisan of the Great Patriotic War" of the 1st degree was awarded to more than 56,000, the 2nd degree - to about 71,000 people.
50) For a feat behind enemy lines, 185,000 people were awarded orders and medals.
Law and duty No. 5, 2011
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Heroes of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945):
- Fifty facts: the exploits of Soviet soldiers during the Great Patriotic War- Law and duty
- 5 myths about the beginning of the war from the military historian Alexei Isaev- Foma
- Victory or Victory: how we fought- Sergey Fedosov
- The Red Army through the eyes of the Wehrmacht: the confrontation of the spirit- Eurasian Youth Union
- Otto Skorzeny: "Why didn't we take Moscow?"- Oles Buzina
- In the first dogfight, don't touch anything. How aircraft gunners were trained and how they fought - Maxim Krupinov
- Saboteurs from a rural school- Vladimir Tikhomirov
- Ossetian shepherd destroyed 108 Germans in one battle at the age of 23- Сont
- Mad Warrior Jack Churchill- Wikipedia
Modernity, with its measure of success in the form of monetary units, gives rise to far more heroes of scandalous gossip columns than true heroes, whose actions cause pride and admiration.
Sometimes it seems that real heroes are left only on the pages of books about the Great Patriotic War.
But at any time there are those who are ready to sacrifice the most precious thing in the name of their loved ones, in the name of the Motherland.
On Defender of the Fatherland Day, we will remember five of our contemporaries who accomplished feats. They did not seek glory and honors, but simply fulfilled their duty to the end.
Sergey Burnaev
Sergey Burnaev was born in Mordovia, in the village of Dubenki on January 15, 1982. When Seryozha was five years old, his parents moved to the Tula region.
The boy grew and matured, and the era around him changed. Peers rushed who into business, who into crime, and Sergei dreamed of a military career, he wanted to serve in the Airborne Forces. After graduating from school, he managed to work at a rubber shoe factory, and then was drafted into the army. He ended up, however, not in the landing, but in the Vityaz special forces detachment of the Airborne Forces.
Serious physical activity, training did not frighten the guy. The commanders immediately drew attention to Sergei - stubborn, with character, a real commando!
During two business trips to Chechnya in 2000-2002, Sergei proved himself to be a true professional, skillful and persistent.
On March 28, 2002, the detachment, in which Sergey Burnaev served, carried out a special operation in the city of Argun. The militants turned the local school into their fortification, placing an ammunition depot in it, as well as breaking through a whole system of underground passages under it. The special forces began to inspect the tunnels in search of militants who had taken refuge in them.
Sergey went first and ran into bandits. A battle ensued in the narrow and dark space of the dungeon. During the flash from the automatic fire, Sergei saw a grenade rolling on the floor, thrown by a militant towards the special forces. Several fighters who did not see this danger could suffer from the explosion.
The decision came in a split second. Sergei covered the grenade with his body, saving the rest of the fighters. He died on the spot, but averted the threat from his comrades.
A gang of 8 people in this battle was completely eliminated. All of Sergei's comrades in this battle survived.
For courage and heroism shown during the performance of a special task in conditions involving a risk to life, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation of September 16, 2002 No. 992, Sergeant Sergey Alexandrovich Burnaev was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously).
Sergeant Sergei Burnaev is forever enrolled in the lists of his military unit of the Internal Troops. In the city of Reutov, Moscow Region, on the Alley of Heroes of the military memorial complex "To All Reutovites Who Died for the Fatherland", a bronze bust of the hero was installed.
Denis Vetchinov
Denis Vetchinov was born on June 28, 1976 in the village of Shantobe, Tselinograd region of Kazakhstan. He spent the usual childhood of a schoolboy of the last Soviet generation.
How is a hero brought up? Probably no one knows this. But at the turn of the era, Denis chose the career of an officer, after enlisting in a military school. Maybe it also had an effect that the school he graduated from was named after Vladimir Komarov, a cosmonaut who died during a flight on the Soyuz-1 spacecraft.
After graduating from a college in Kazan in 2000, the newly-made officer did not run away from difficulties - he immediately ended up in Chechnya. Everyone who knew him repeats one thing - the officer did not bow to the bullets, he took care of the soldiers and was a real “father to the soldiers” not in words, but in fact.
In 2003, the Chechen war ended for Captain Vetchinov. Until 2008, he served as deputy battalion commander for educational work in the 70th Guards Motorized Rifle Regiment, in 2005 he became a major.
An officer's life is not sugar, but Denis did not complain about anything. His wife Katya and daughter Masha were waiting for him at home.
Major Vetchinov was destined for a great future, general's shoulder straps. In 2008, he became deputy commander of the 135th motorized rifle regiment of the 19th motorized rifle division of the 58th army for educational work. In this position, he was caught by the war in South Ossetia.
On August 9, 2008, the marching column of the 58th Army, on the way to Tskhinval, was ambushed by Georgian special forces. Cars were shot from 10 points. The commander of the 58th Army, General Khrulev, was wounded.
Major Vetchinov, who was in the convoy, jumped off the armored personnel carrier and joined the battle. Having managed to prevent chaos, he organized a defense, suppressing Georgian firing points with return fire.
During the retreat, Denis Vetchinov was seriously wounded in the legs, however, overcoming the pain, he continued the battle, covering his comrades and the journalists who were with the column with fire. Only a new severe wound to the head could stop the major.
In this battle, Major Vetchinov destroyed up to a dozen enemy special forces and saved the lives of Komsomolskaya Pravda war correspondent Alexander Kots, VGTRK special correspondent Alexander Sladkov, and Moskovsky Komsomolets correspondent Viktor Sokirko.
The wounded major was sent to the hospital, but he died on the way.
On August 15, 2008, for the courage and heroism shown in the performance of military duty in the North Caucasus region, Major Denis Vetchinov was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously).
Aldar Tsydenzhapov
Aldar Tsydenzhapov was born on August 4, 1991 in the village of Aginskoye, in Buryatia. There were four children in the family, including the twin sister of Aldar Aryun.
My father worked in the police, my mother as a nurse in a kindergarten - a simple family leading a normal life for residents of the Russian outback. Aldar graduated from high school in his native village and was drafted into the army, ended up in the Pacific Fleet.
Sailor Tsydenzhapov served on the destroyer "Fast", was trusted by the command, was friends with colleagues. There was only a month left before the “demobilization”, when on September 24, 2010, Aldar took up duty as a boiler crew operator.
The destroyer was preparing for a military campaign from the base in Fokino in Primorye to Kamchatka. Suddenly, a fire broke out in the engine room of the ship due to a short circuit in the wiring at the time of the fuel line break. Aldar rushed to block the fuel leak. A monstrous flame raged around, in which the sailor spent 9 seconds, having managed to eliminate the leak. Despite the terrible burns, he got out of the compartment himself. As the commission subsequently established, the prompt actions of the sailor Tsydenzhapov led to the timely shutdown of the ship's power plant, which otherwise could have exploded. In this case, the destroyer itself and all 300 crew members would have died.
Aldar was taken to the hospital of the Pacific Fleet in Vladivostok in critical condition, where doctors fought for the hero's life for four days. Alas, he passed away on September 28.
By Decree of the President of Russia No. 1431 dated November 16, 2010, sailor Aldar Tsydenzhapov was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.
Sergey Solnechnikov
Born on August 19, 1980 in Germany, in Potsdam, in a military family. Seryozha decided to continue the dynasty as a child, not looking back at all the difficulties of this path. After the 8th grade, he entered a cadet boarding school in the Astrakhan region, then without exams he was admitted to the Kachinsk military school. Here he was caught by another reform, after which the school was disbanded.
However, this did not turn Sergei away from a military career - he entered the Kemerovo Higher Military Command School of Communications, which he graduated in 2003.
A young officer served in Belogorsk, in the Far East. “A good officer, real, honest,” friends and subordinates said about Sergei. They also gave him a nickname - "battalion commander the Sun."
I did not have time to start a family - too much time was spent on the service. The bride patiently waited - after all, it seemed that there was still a whole life ahead.
On March 28, 2012, at the training ground of the unit, the usual exercises for throwing the RGD-5 grenade, which are part of the training course for conscripts, took place.
19-year-old private Zhuravlev, excited, threw a grenade unsuccessfully - having hit the parapet, she flew back, where his colleagues were standing.
The confused boys looked with horror at death lying on the ground. The battalion commander Sun reacted instantly - throwing the soldier back, he closed the grenade with his body.
The wounded Sergei was taken to the hospital, but he died on the operating table from numerous injuries.
On April 3, 2012, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, Major Sergei Solnechnikov was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously) for the heroism, courage and dedication shown in the performance of military duty.
Irina Yanina
"War has no woman's face" is a wise phrase. But it just so happened that in all the wars that Russia waged, women turned out to be next to men, enduring all the hardships and hardships along with them.
Born in Taldy-Kurgan of the Kazakh SSR on November 27, 1966, the girl Ira did not think that the war from the pages of books would enter her life. A school, a medical school, a position as a nurse in a tuberculosis dispensary, then in a maternity hospital - a purely peaceful biography.
Everything was turned upside down by the collapse of the Soviet Union. Russians in Kazakhstan suddenly became strangers, unnecessary. Like many, Irina and her family went to Russia, where there were enough problems of their own.
The husband of the beautiful Irina could not stand the difficulties, he left the family in search of an easier life. Ira was left alone with two children in her arms, without normal housing and a corner. And then another misfortune - my daughter was diagnosed with leukemia, from which she quickly died out.
From all these troubles, even men break down, go into a binge. Irina did not break down - after all, she still had her son Zhenya, the light in the window, for the sake of which she was ready to move mountains. In 1995, she entered the service of the Internal Troops. Not for the sake of exploits - they paid money there, they gave rations. The paradox of recent history is that in order to survive and raise her son, a woman was forced to go to Chechnya, into the very heat. Two business trips in 1996, three and a half months as a nurse under daily shelling, in blood and mud.
The nurse of the medical company of the operational brigade of the Russian Interior Ministry troops from the city of Kalach-on-Don - in this position, Sergeant Yanina got into her second war. Basayev's gangs rushed to Dagestan, where local Islamists were already waiting for them.
And again the battles, the wounded, the dead - the daily routine of the medical service in the war.
“Hello, my little, beloved, most beautiful son in the world!
I missed you very much. You write to me, how are you doing, how is school, with whom are you friends? Are you sick? Don't go late in the evenings - now there are a lot of bandits. Be near home. Don't go anywhere alone. Listen to everyone at home and know that I love you very much. Read more. You are already a big and independent boy, so do everything right so that you are not scolded.
Waiting for your letter. Listen to everyone.
Kiss. Mother. 08/21/99"
Irina sent this letter to her son 10 days before her last fight.
On August 31, 1999, the brigade of internal troops, in which Irina Yanina served, stormed the village of Karamakhi, which had been turned by terrorists into an impregnable fortress.
On that day, Sergeant Yanina assisted 15 wounded soldiers under enemy fire. Then she went to the line of fire on an armored personnel carrier three times, taking another 28 seriously wounded from the battlefield. The fourth flight was fatal.
The armored personnel carrier came under heavy enemy fire. Irina began to cover the loading of the wounded with return fire from a machine gun. Finally, the car managed to move back, but the militants from grenade launchers set fire to the armored personnel carrier.
Sergeant Yanina, while she had enough strength, pulled the wounded out of the burning car. She did not have time to get out herself - ammunition began to explode in the armored personnel carrier.
On October 14, 1999, Medical Service Sergeant Irina Yanina was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously), she was forever included in the lists of personnel of her military unit. Irina Yanina became the first woman to be awarded the title of Hero of Russia for her military actions in the Caucasian wars.
The article describes the exploits of the most famous heroes of the Great Patriotic War. Their childhood, youthful years, joining the Red Army and fighting the enemy are shown.
During the Great Patriotic War, there was a high growth of patriotism and fighting spirit of Soviet citizens. The soldiers at the front and the civilian population in the rear did not spare their forces to fight the enemy. The slogan "Everything for the front! Everything for victory!”, proclaimed at the beginning of the war, fully reflected the general mood. People were ready for any sacrifice for the sake of victory. A large number of volunteers joined the ranks of the Red Army and militia units, the inhabitants of the occupied territories waged a guerrilla war.
In total, more than 11 thousand people received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. The most famous stories about exploits were included in school textbooks, many works of art were devoted to them.
The slogan "Everything for the front! All for victory!
Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub
Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub was born in 1920 in the Sumy region. After graduating from high school in 1934, Ivan Kozhedub studied at the Chemical Technology College in Shostka. He devoted his free time to classes at the local flying club. In 1940, Kozhedub was called up for military service and entered the Chuguev Military Aviation School. Then he stayed there to work as an instructor.
In the first months of the war, the aviation school where Kozhedub worked was evacuated to the rear. Therefore, the pilot began his combat path in November 1942. He repeatedly submitted reports in order to get to the front, and as a result, his wish came true.
In the first battle, Kozhedub failed to show his brilliant fighting qualities. His plane was damaged in a fight with the enemy, and then mistakenly fired upon by Soviet anti-aircraft gunners. The pilot managed to land despite the fact that his La-5 was beyond repair.
The future hero shot down the first bomber during the 40th sortie near Kursk. The next day, he again inflicted damage on the enemy, and a few days later he won a battle with two German fighters.
By the beginning of February 1944, Ivan Kozhedub had 146 sorties and 20 downed enemy planes. For military merit, he was awarded the first Gold Star of the Hero. The pilot became a hero twice in August 1944.
In one of the battles over the territory occupied by the Germans, Kozhedub's fighter was damaged. The plane's engine stalled. In order not to fall into the hands of the enemy, the pilot decided to throw his plane at a significant strategic object of the enemy in order to inflict maximum damage on the Nazis with his death. But at the very last moment, the engine of the car suddenly started working and Kozhedub was able to return to base.
In February 1945, Kozhedub and his wingman entered into battle with a group of FW-190 fighters. They managed to shoot down 5 enemy planes out of 13. A few more days later, the list of trophies of the heroic pilot was replenished with the Me-262 fighter.
The last battle of the famous pilot, in which he shot down 2 FW-190s, took place already over Berlin in April 1945. The hero was awarded the Third Gold Star after the end of World War II.
In total, Ivan Kozhedub made more than 300 sorties and shot down more than 60 enemy aircraft. He was an excellent shot and hit enemy aircraft from a distance of about 300 m, rarely getting involved in close combat. For all the years of the war, the enemy never managed to shoot down Kozhedub's plane.
After the end of the war, the heroic pilot continued to serve in aviation. He became one of the most famous military men of the USSR and made a brilliant career.
Ivan Kozhedub
Dmitry Ovcharenko was born into a peasant family in the Kharkiv region. His father was a village carpenter and from a young age taught his son how to handle an axe.
Dmitry's school education was limited to 5 classes. After graduation, he began working on a collective farm. In 1939, Ovcharenko was called up to serve in the Red Army. From the very beginning of hostilities, he was at the forefront. After being wounded, Dmitry was temporarily released from service in a machine gun company and performed the duties of a cart driver.
The delivery of ammunition to the front was fraught with significant risk. July 13, 14941 Dmitry Ovcharenko was carrying cartridges to his company. Near the small village of Arctic fox, he was surrounded by an enemy detachment. But Dmitry Ovcharenko was not afraid. When the Germans took away his rifle, he remembered the ax that he always carried with him. The enemies began to inspect the cargo stacked in the cart, and the Soviet soldier grabbed the ax that he always carried with him and killed the officer in command of the group. Then he threw grenades at the enemy. 21 soldiers were killed, the rest fled. Dmitry caught up and hacked to death another officer. A third German officer managed to escape. After all that had happened, a brave fighter successfully delivered ammunition to the front line.
Dmitry Ovcharenko continued his military service as a machine gunner. His commander noted the courage and determination of the fighter, which served as an example for other Red Army soldiers. The heroic deed of Dmitry Ovcharenko was also highly appreciated by the higher command - on November 9, 1941, the machine gunner received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Dmitry Ovcharenko continued to fight on the front line until the beginning of 1945 and died during the liberation of Hungary.
Talalikhin Viktor Vasilyevich was born in the village of Teplovka, Saratov Region, on September 18, 1918, into a peasant family. Even in his youth, Victor became interested in aviation - in the town where his family lived, there was an aviation school, and the teenager often looked at the cadets marching through the streets.
In 1933, the Talalikhin family moved to the capital. Victor graduated from the FZU, then found a job at a meat processing plant. Viktor Talalikhin devoted his free time to classes at the flying club. He wanted to be no worse than his older brothers, who had already linked their fates with aviation.
In 1937, Viktor Talalikhin entered the Borisoglebsk Aviation School. After completing his studies, he continued military service. The young pilot took part in the Finnish War, where he showed himself to be a self-possessed and at the same time brave fighter.
From the beginning of the Second World War, the pilots had the task of defending Moscow from German shells. By this time, Talalikhin was already acting as a squadron commander. He was demanding and strict with his subordinates, but at the same time he delved into the problems of the pilots and knew how to convey to them the significance of each of his orders.
On the night of August 7, Viktor Talalikhin made another sortie. Not far from the village of Grasshoppers near Moscow, a fierce battle ensued. The Soviet pilot was wounded and decided to shoot down an enemy plane by throwing his fighter at him. Talalikhin was lucky - after using the ram, he survived. The next day, he was awarded the Hero's Gold Star.
Having recovered from his wounds, the young pilot returned to duty. The hero died on October 27, 1941 in a battle in the sky over the village of Kamenka. Soviet fighters covered the movement of ground troops. A fight ensued with the German "Messers". Talalikhin emerged victorious from two battles with enemy aircraft. But already at the end of the battle, the pilot was seriously wounded and lost control of the fighter.
Viktor Talalikhin has long been considered the first Soviet pilot to use a night ram. Only years after the war it became known that other pilots used a similar technique, but this fact does not detract from the feat of Talalikhin. During the war years, he had many followers - more than 600 pilots did not spare their lives for the sake of victory.
Alexander Matrosov was born on February 5, 1924 in the Ukraine in the city of Yekaterinoslav. The future hero was left an orphan early and was brought up in an orphanage. When the war began, Alexander, while still a minor, tried several times to get to the front as a volunteer. And in the fall of 1942, his wish came true. After training at the infantry school, Matrosov, like other recruits, was sent to the front line.
At the end of February 1943, during the liberation of the Pskov region, the unit carried out a combat mission - to capture the fortified point of the enemy, located in the area of the village of Chernushki. The Red Army went on the offensive under cover of the forest. But as soon as they reached the edge of the forest, the Germans began to fire at the Soviet soldiers with machine guns. Many soldiers were immediately put out of action.
To suppress enemy machine guns, an assault group was thrown into battle. German firing points were fortified bunkers built of wood and earthen powder. The Red Army managed to destroy two of them relatively quickly, but the third machine gun, in spite of everything, continued to impede the Soviet offensive.
In order to destroy the enemy machine gun, the fighters of Matrosov and Ogurtsov went to the bunker. But Ogurtsov was wounded and Matrosov had to act alone. He bombarded the German fortification with grenades. The machine gun fell silent for a moment, and then began firing again. Alexander instantly made a decision - he rushed to the embrasure and closed it with his body.
On June 19, Alexander Matrosov posthumously became a Hero of the Soviet Union. During the war years, the number of Red Army soldiers who covered enemy guns with themselves exceeded 500 people.
The feat of 28 Panfilov
In the fall of 1941, the troops of Nazi Germany launched a large-scale offensive against Moscow. In some areas, they managed to come very close to the capital of the USSR. All the troops and detachments of the people's militia available in the reserve were thrown to the defense of the capital.
The 316th rifle division, formed in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, took part in the battles. The command of the division was carried out by Major General I.V. Panfilov, after whom the fighters of the division began to be called "Panfilovites".
I. V. Panfilov
November 16, the enemy launched an attack. German tanks stormed Soviet positions near the Dubosekovo junction, where the 1075th Infantry Regiment was stationed. The main blow was taken by the fighters of the 2nd battalion of the regiment.
According to the wartime version, 28 Red Army soldiers under the leadership of political instructor V. Klochkov were organized into a special group of tank destroyers. For 4 hours they fought an unequal battle with the enemy. Armed with anti-tank rifles and Molotov cocktails, the Panfilovites destroyed 18 German tanks and died themselves in the process. The total losses of the 1075th regiment amounted to more than 1000 people. In total, the regiment destroyed 22 enemy tanks and up to 1200 German soldiers.
The enemy managed to win the battle near Volokolamsk, but the battle took much longer than the German commanders allotted for it. Soviet military leaders managed to use this time to regroup troops and create a new barrier on the way to Moscow. In the future, the Germans were unable to continue the offensive, and in December 1941, the Soviet troops launched a counterattack, which finally drove the enemy away from the capital.
After the battle, the unit commander compiled a list of fighters who participated in the battle. Subsequently, they were presented to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. But the regiment commander made several inaccuracies. Due to his mistake, the list included the names of fighters who had previously died or been wounded, who could not participate in the battle. Perhaps a few names have been forgotten.
After the end of the war, an investigation was carried out, during which it turned out that 5 fighters out of 28 Panfilov’s did not actually die, and one of them was captured and collaborated with the Nazis, for which he was convicted. But for a long time the official version of the event was the only one widely spread in the USSR. Modern historians believe that the number of fighters holding the defense did not equal 28 and that, in fact, completely different Red Army soldiers could participate in the battle.
Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was born in 1923 in the village of Osinovye Gai, Tambov Region. Her family later moved to Moscow. Zoya was an emotional and enthusiastic girl, even in her youth she dreamed of a feat.
After the outbreak of the war, Zoya, like many Komsomol members, voluntarily joined the partisan detachment. After a short training, a group of saboteurs was thrown behind enemy lines. There, Zoya completed her first task - she was tasked with mining roads near Volokolamsk, a district center occupied by the Germans.
Then the partisans received a new order - to set fire to villages and individual houses where the invaders stopped to wait. The inability to spend the night under a roof in winter conditions, according to the command, should have weakened the Germans.
On the night of November 27, a group consisting of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya and two more fighters carried out a mission in the village of Petrishchevo. At the same time, one of the members of the group, Vasily Klubkov, made a mistake and fell into the hands of the Germans. Then Zoya was captured. She was noticed and betrayed to the Germans by Sviridov, the owner of the house that Zoya tried to set on fire. The peasant who betrayed the partisan later collaborated with the Germans and, after their retreat, was tried and sentenced to death.
The Germans brutally tortured Zoya, trying to get information from her about her connections with the partisans. She categorically refused to give any names, and called herself Tanya in honor of Tatyana Solomakhi, a Komsomol member who died during the fight against the White Guards in the Kuban. According to local residents, Zoya was beaten and kept half-dressed in the cold. Two peasant women, whose houses were damaged by fire, took part in bullying her.
Zoya was hanged the next day. Before the execution, she behaved very courageously and called on the local population to fight the invaders, and the German soldiers to surrender. The Nazis mocked the girl's body for a long time. Another month passed before they allowed the locals to bury Zoya. After the liberation of the Moscow region, the ashes of the partisan were transferred to the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow.
Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya became the first woman to be awarded the honorary title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Her feat entered the Soviet history books. More than one generation of Soviet citizens was brought up on her example.
The war demanded from the people the greatest exertion of strength and huge sacrifices on a national scale, revealed the steadfastness and courage of the Soviet man, the ability to sacrifice himself in the name of the freedom and independence of the Motherland. During the war years, heroism became widespread, became the norm for the behavior of Soviet people. Thousands of soldiers and officers immortalized their names in the defense of the Brest Fortress, Odessa, Sevastopol, Kiev, Leningrad, Novorossiysk, in the battle of Moscow, Stalingrad, Kursk, in the North Caucasus, the Dnieper, in the foothills of the Carpathians, during the storming of Berlin and in other battles.
For heroic deeds in the Great Patriotic War, over 11 thousand people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (some of them posthumously), 104 of them twice, three three times (G.K. Zhukov, I.N. Kozhedub and A.I. Pokryshkin ). During the war years, this title was first awarded to Soviet pilots M.P. Zhukov, S.I. Zdorovtsev and P.T. Kharitonov, who rammed Nazi planes on the outskirts of Leningrad.
In total, over eight thousand heroes were trained in the ground forces in wartime, including 1,800 artillerymen, 1,142 tankers, 650 engineering troops, over 290 signalmen, 93 air defense soldiers, 52 soldiers of the military rear, 44 doctors; in the Air Force - over 2400 people; in the Navy - over 500 people; partisans, underground workers and Soviet intelligence agents - about 400; border guards - over 150 people.
| Representatives of the nations | Number of heroes |
|---|---|
| Russians | 8160 |
| Ukrainians | 2069 |
| Belarusians | 309 |
| Tatars | 161 |
| Jews | 108 |
| Kazakhs | 96 |
| Georgian | 90 |
| Armenians | 90 |
| Uzbeks | 69 |
| Mordovians | 61 |
| Chuvash | 44 |
| Azerbaijanis | 43 |
| Bashkirs | 39 |
| Ossetians | 32 |
| Tajiks | 14 |
| Turkmens | 18 |
| Lithokians | 15 |
| Latvians | 13 |
| Kyrgyz | 12 |
| Udmurts | 10 |
| Karelians | 8 |
| Estonians | 8 |
| Kalmyks | 8 |
| Kabardians | 7 |
| Adyghe | 6 |
| Abkhazians | 5 |
| Yakuts | 3 |
| Moldovans | 2 |
| results | 11501 |
Among the military personnel awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, privates, sergeants, foremen - over 35%, officers - about 60%, generals, admirals, marshals - over 380 people. There are 87 women among the Wartime Heroes of the Soviet Union. Z. A. Kosmodemyanskaya was the first to receive this title (posthumously).
About 35% of the Heroes of the Soviet Union at the time of awarding the title were under the age of 30, 28% - from 30 to 40 years old, 9% - over 40 years old.
Four Heroes of the Soviet Union: artilleryman A. V. Aleshin, pilot I. G. Drachenko, commander of a rifle platoon P. Kh. Dubinda, artilleryman N. I. Kuznetsov - were also awarded Orders of Glory of all three degrees for military exploits. More than 2,500 people, including 4 women, became full holders of the Order of Glory of three degrees. During the war, over 38 million orders and medals were awarded to the defenders of the Motherland for courage and heroism. The motherland highly appreciated the labor feat of the Soviet people in the rear. During the war years, the title of Hero of Socialist Labor was awarded to 201 people, about 200 thousand were awarded orders and medals.
Viktor Vasilievich Talalikhin
Born September 18, 1918 in the village. Teplovka, Volsky district, Saratov region. Russian. After graduating from the factory school, he worked at the Moscow meat processing plant, at the same time he studied at the flying club. He graduated from the Borisoglebokoe military aviation school for pilots. He took part in the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940. He made 47 sorties, shot down 4 Finnish aircraft, for which he was awarded the Order of the Red Star (1940).
In the battles of the Great Patriotic War since June 1941. Made more than 60 sorties. In the summer and autumn of 1941, he fought near Moscow. For military distinctions he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner (1941) and the Order of Lenin.
The title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal was awarded to Viktor Vasilyevich Talalikhin by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 8, 1941 for the first night ramming of an enemy bomber in the history of aviation.
Soon Talalikhin was appointed squadron commander, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant. The glorious pilot participated in many air battles near Moscow, shot down five more enemy aircraft personally and one in a group. He died a heroic death in an unequal battle with Nazi fighters on October 27, 1941.
Buried V.V. Talalikhin with military honors at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow. By order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR dated August 30, 1948, he was forever included in the lists of the first squadron of the fighter aviation regiment, in which he fought the enemy near Moscow.
Streets in Kaliningrad, Volgograd, Borisoglebsk, Voronezh region and other cities, a sea vessel, GPTU No. 100 in Moscow, and a number of schools were named after Talalikhin. An obelisk was erected on the 43rd kilometer of the Varshavskoye Highway, over which an unprecedented night duel took place. A monument was erected in Podolsk, in Moscow - a bust of the Hero.
Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub
(1920-1991), air marshal (1985), Hero of the Soviet Union (1944 - twice; 1945). During the Great Patriotic War in fighter aviation, the squadron commander, deputy regiment commander, conducted 120 air battles; shot down 62 aircraft.
Three times Hero of the Soviet Union Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub on La-7 shot down 17 enemy aircraft (including the Me-262 jet fighter) out of 62 shot down by him during the war on La fighters. One of the most memorable battles Kozhedub fought on February 19, 1945 (sometimes the date is February 24).
On this day, he flew out on a free hunt paired with Dmitry Titarenko. On the traverse of the Oder, the pilots noticed an aircraft rapidly approaching from the direction of Frankfurt an der Oder. The plane was flying along the riverbed at an altitude of 3500 m at a speed much greater than the La-7 could develop. It was Me-262. Kozhedub instantly made a decision. The Me-262 pilot relied on the speed qualities of his car and did not control the airspace in the rear hemisphere and below. Kozhedub attacked from below on a head-on course, hoping to hit the jet in the belly. However, Titarenko opened fire before Kozhedub. To the considerable surprise of Kozhedub, the premature firing of the wingman was beneficial.
The German turned to the left, towards Kozhedub, the latter had only to catch the Messerschmitt in the sight and press the trigger. Me-262 turned into a fireball. In the cockpit of the Me 262 was non-commissioned officer Kurt-Lange from 1. / KG (J) -54.
On the evening of April 17, 1945, Kozhedub and Titarenko flew their fourth combat sortie to the Berlin area in a day. Immediately after crossing the front line north of Berlin, the hunters discovered a large group of FW-190s with suspended bombs. Kozhedub began to gain altitude for the attack and reported to the command post about establishing contact with a group of forty Focke-Vulvof with suspended bombs. German pilots clearly saw how a pair of Soviet fighters went into the clouds and did not expect that they would appear again. However, the hunters showed up.
Behind from the top, in the first attack, Kozhedub shot down the leader of the four fokkers that closed the group. The hunters sought to give the enemy the impression of the presence of a significant number of Soviet fighters in the air. Kozhedub threw his La-7 right into the thick of the enemy aircraft, turning Lavochkin left and right, the ace fired cannons in short bursts. The Germans succumbed to the trick - the Focke-Wulfs began to free them from bombs that prevented air combat. However, the Luftwaffe pilots soon established the presence of only two La-7s in the air and, taking advantage of the numerical advantage, took the guards into circulation. One FW-190 managed to get into the tail of the Kozhedub fighter, but Titarenko opened fire before the German pilot - the Focke-Wulf exploded in the air.
By this time, help had arrived - the La-7 group from the 176th regiment, Titarenko and Kozhedub were able to get out of the battle on the last remaining fuel. On the way back, Kozhedub saw a single FW-190, which was still trying to drop bombs on Soviet troops. Ace dived and shot down an enemy plane. It was the last, 62nd, German aircraft shot down by the best Allied fighter pilot.
Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub also distinguished himself in the Battle of Kursk.
Kozhedub's total score does not include at least two aircraft - American R-51 Mustang fighters. In one of the battles in April, Kozhedub tried to drive off German fighters from the American Flying Fortress with cannon fire. US Air Force escort fighters misunderstood the intentions of the La-7 pilot and opened barrage fire from a long distance. Kozhedub, apparently, also mistook the Mustangs for Messers, left the fire with a coup and, in turn, attacked the “enemy”.
He damaged one Mustang (the plane, smoking, left the battlefield and, after flying a little, fell, the pilot jumped out with a parachute), the second R-51 exploded in the air. Only after a successful attack did Kozhedub notice the white stars of the US Air Force on the wings and fuselages of the planes he shot down. After landing, the regiment commander, Colonel Chupikov, advised Kozhedub to keep quiet about the incident and gave him the developed film of the photo-machine gun. The existence of a film with footage of burning Mustangs became known only after the death of the legendary pilot. Detailed biography of the hero on the website: www.warheroes.ru "Unknown Heroes"
Alexey Petrovich Maresyev
Maresyev Aleksey Petrovich fighter pilot, deputy squadron commander of the 63rd Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment, Guards Senior Lieutenant.
Born on May 20, 1916 in the city of Kamyshin, Volgograd Region, in a working class family. Russian. At the age of three, he was left without a father, who died shortly after returning from the First World War. After graduating from the 8th grade of secondary school, Alexei entered the FZU, where he received the specialty of a locksmith. Then he applied to the Moscow Aviation Institute, but instead of the institute, he went to build Komsomolsk-on-Amur instead of the institute on a Komsomol ticket. There he sawed wood in the taiga, built barracks, and then the first residential quarters. At the same time he studied at the flying club. He was drafted into the Soviet army in 1937. He served in the 12th Aviation Border Detachment. But, according to Maresyev himself, he did not fly, but "wafted his tails" at the planes. He really took to the air already at the Bataysk Military Aviation Pilot School, which he graduated in 1940. He served as a flight instructor.
He made his first sortie on August 23, 1941 in the Krivoy Rog region. Lieutenant Maresyev opened a combat account at the beginning of 1942 - he shot down a Ju-52. By the end of March 1942, he brought the number of downed Nazi aircraft to four. On April 4, in an air battle over the Demyansky bridgehead (Novgorod region), Maresyev's fighter was shot down. He tried to land on the ice of a frozen lake, but released the landing gear early. The plane began to quickly lose altitude and fell into the forest.
Maresyev crawled to his own. He had frostbite on his feet and had to be amputated. However, the pilot decided not to give up. When he got the prostheses, he trained long and hard and got permission to return to duty. He learned to fly again in the 11th reserve aviation brigade in Ivanovo.
In June 1943, Maresyev returned to service. He fought on the Kursk Bulge as part of the 63rd Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment, was a deputy squadron commander. In August 1943, during one battle, Alexei Maresyev shot down three enemy FW-190 fighters at once.
On August 24, 1943, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Senior Lieutenant Maresyev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Later he fought in the Baltic States, became a regiment navigator. In 1944 he joined the CPSU. In total, he made 86 sorties, shot down 11 enemy aircraft: 4 before being wounded and seven with amputated legs. In June 1944, Major Maresyev of the Guards became an inspector-pilot of the Office of Higher Educational Institutions of the Air Force. The legendary fate of Alexei Petrovich Maresyev is the subject of Boris Polevoy's book "The Tale of a Real Man".
In July 1946, Maresyev was honorably discharged from the Air Force. In 1952 he graduated from the Higher Party School under the Central Committee of the CPSU, in 1956 - postgraduate studies at the Academy of Social Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU, received the title of candidate of historical sciences. In the same year, he became the executive secretary of the Soviet Committee of War Veterans, in 1983 - the first deputy chairman of the committee. In this position, he worked until the last day of his life.
Retired Colonel A.P. Maresyev was awarded two Orders of Lenin, Orders of the October Revolution, Red Banner, Patriotic War 1st degree, two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor, Orders of Friendship of Peoples, Red Star, Badge of Honor, "For Merit to the Fatherland" 3rd degree, medals, foreign orders. He was an honorary soldier of a military unit, an honorary citizen of the cities of Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Kamyshin, Orel. A minor planet in the solar system, a public foundation, and youth patriotic clubs are named after him. He was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Author of the book "On the Kursk Bulge" (M., 1960).
Even during the war, Boris Polevoy's book "The Tale of a Real Man" was published, the prototype of which was Maresyev (the author changed only one letter in his last name). In 1948, director Alexander Stolper shot a film of the same name based on the book at Mosfilm. Maresyev was even offered to play the main role himself, but he refused and this role was played by a professional actor Pavel Kadochnikov.
He died suddenly on May 18, 2001. He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery. On May 18, 2001, a gala evening was planned at the Theater of the Russian Army on the occasion of Maresyev's 85th birthday, but an hour before the start, Alexei Petrovich had a heart attack. He was taken to the intensive care unit of a Moscow clinic, where he died without regaining consciousness. The gala evening nevertheless took place, but it began with a moment of silence.
Krasnoperov Sergey Leonidovich
Krasnoperov Sergey Leonidovich was born on July 23, 1923 in the village of Pokrovka, Chernushinsky district. In May 1941, he volunteered for the Soviet Army. For a year he studied at the Balashov Aviation School of Pilots. In November 1942, attack pilot Sergei Krasnoperov arrived in the 765th assault aviation regiment, and in January 1943 he was appointed deputy squadron commander of the 502nd assault aviation regiment of the 214th assault air division of the North Caucasian Front. In this regiment in June 1943 he joined the ranks of the party. For military distinctions he was awarded the Orders of the Red Banner, the Red Star, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 2nd degree.
The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded on February 4, 1944. Killed in action June 24, 1944. "March 14, 1943. Attack pilot Sergei Krasnoperov makes two sorties one after another to attack the port of Temrkzh. Leading six "silts", he set fire to a boat at the pier of the port. In the second flight, an enemy shell hit the engine. A bright flame for a moment, like it seemed to Krasnoperov, the sun eclipsed and immediately disappeared in thick black smoke. Krasnoperov turned off the ignition, turned off the gas and tried to fly the plane to the front line. However, after a few minutes it became clear that it would not be possible to save the plane. And under the wing - a solid swamp. There is only one way out As soon as the burning car touched the marsh hummocks with its fuselage, the pilot barely had time to jump out of it and run a little to the side, an explosion rumbled.
A few days later, Krasnoperov was back in the air, and in the combat log of the flight commander of the 502nd assault aviation regiment, junior lieutenant Krasnoperov Sergey Leonidovich, a brief entry appeared: "03/23/43". With two sorties, he destroyed a convoy in the area of \u200b\u200bst. Crimean. Destroyed vehicles - 1, created fires - 2 ". On April 4, Krasnoperov stormed manpower and firepower in the area of a height of 204.3 meters. On the next flight, he stormed artillery and firing points in the area of \u200b\u200bKrymskaya station. At the same time, he destroyed two tanks, one gun and mortar.
One day, a junior lieutenant received a task for a free flight in pairs. He was leading. Covertly, on a low-level flight, a pair of "silts" penetrated deep into the rear of the enemy. They noticed cars on the road - they attacked them. They discovered a concentration of troops - and suddenly brought down destructive fire on the heads of the Nazis. The Germans unloaded ammunition and weapons from a self-propelled barge. Combat entry - the barge flew into the air. The regiment commander, Lieutenant Colonel Smirnov, wrote about Sergei Krasnoperov: “Such heroic deeds of Comrade Krasnoperov are repeated in every sortie. The pilots of his flight became masters of the assault business. created for himself military glory, enjoys well-deserved military authority among the personnel of the regiment. And indeed. Sergei was only 19 years old, and for his exploits he had already been awarded the Order of the Red Star. He was only 20 years old, and his chest was adorned with the Golden Star of a Hero.
Seventy-four sorties were made by Sergei Krasnoperov during the days of fighting on the Taman Peninsula. As one of the best, he was entrusted 20 times to lead a group of "silts" to attack, and he always carried out a combat mission. He personally destroyed 6 tanks, 70 vehicles, 35 wagons with cargo, 10 guns, 3 mortars, 5 points of anti-aircraft artillery, 7 machine guns, 3 tractors, 5 bunkers, an ammunition depot, a boat, a self-propelled barge were sunk, two crossings across the Kuban were destroyed.
Matrosov Alexander Matveevich
Matrosov Alexander Matveyevich - rifleman of the 2nd battalion of the 91st separate rifle brigade (22nd Army, Kalinin Front), private. Born February 5, 1924 in the city of Yekaterinoslav (now Dnepropetrovsk). Russian. Member of the Komsomol. He lost his parents early. 5 years was brought up in the Ivanovo orphanage (Ulyanovsk region). Then he was brought up in the Ufa children's labor colony. At the end of the 7th grade, he remained to work in the colony as an assistant teacher. In the Red Army since September 1942. In October 1942 he entered the Krasnokholmsk Infantry School, but soon most of the cadets were sent to the Kalinin Front.
In the army since November 1942. He served in the 2nd Battalion of the 91st Separate Rifle Brigade. For some time the brigade was in reserve. Then she was transferred near Pskov to the area of \u200b\u200bthe Big Lomovaty Bor. Right from the march, the brigade entered the battle.
On February 27, 1943, the 2nd battalion received the task of attacking a stronghold near the village of Chernushki (Loknyansky district, Pskov region). As soon as our soldiers passed through the forest and reached the edge of the forest, they came under heavy enemy machine gun fire - three enemy machine guns in bunkers covered the approaches to the village. One machine gun was suppressed by an assault group of machine gunners and armor-piercers. The second bunker was destroyed by another group of armor-piercers. But the machine gun from the third bunker continued to shell the entire hollow in front of the village. Efforts to silence him were unsuccessful. Then, in the direction of the bunker, Private A.M. Matrosov crawled. He approached the embrasure from the flank and threw two grenades. The machine gun fell silent. But as soon as the fighters went on the attack, the machine gun came to life again. Then Matrosov got up, rushed to the bunker and closed the embrasure with his body. At the cost of his life, he contributed to the combat mission of the unit.
A few days later, the name of Matrosov became known throughout the country. The feat of Matrosov was used by a journalist who happened to be with the unit for a patriotic article. At the same time, the regiment commander learned about the feat from the newspapers. Moreover, the date of the death of the hero was moved to February 23, coinciding the feat with the day of the Soviet Army. Despite the fact that Matrosov was not the first to perform such an act of self-sacrifice, it was his name that was used to glorify the heroism of Soviet soldiers. Subsequently, over 300 people performed the same feat, but this was no longer widely reported. His feat has become a symbol of courage and military prowess, fearlessness and love for the Motherland.
The title of Hero of the Soviet Union Alexander Matveyevich Matrosov was posthumously awarded on June 19, 1943. He was buried in the city of Velikiye Luki. On September 8, 1943, by order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR, the name of Matrosov was assigned to the 254th Guards Rifle Regiment, he himself was forever enrolled (one of the first in the Soviet Army) in the lists of the 1st company of this unit. Monuments to the Hero were erected in Ufa, Velikiye Luki, Ulyanovsk, etc. The Museum of Komsomol Glory in the city of Velikiye Luki, streets, schools, pioneer squads, motor ships, collective farms and state farms bore his name.
Ivan Vasilievich Panfilov
In the battles near Volokolamsk, the 316th Infantry Division of General I.V. Panfilov. Reflecting continuous enemy attacks for 6 days, they knocked out 80 tanks and destroyed several hundred soldiers and officers. Enemy attempts to capture the Volokolamsk region and open the way to Moscow from the west failed. For heroic actions, this formation was awarded the Order of the Red Banner and transformed into the 8th Guards, and its commander, General I.V. Panfilov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. He was not lucky enough to witness the complete defeat of the enemy near Moscow: on November 18, near the village of Gusenevo, he died a heroic death.
Ivan Vasilyevich Panfilov, Major General of the Guards, commander of the 8th Guards Rifle Division of the Red Banner (former 316th) Division, was born on January 1, 1893 in the city of Petrovsk, Saratov Region. Russian. Member of the CPSU since 1920. From the age of 12 he worked for hire, in 1915 he was drafted into the tsarist army. In the same year he was sent to the Russian-German front. Voluntarily joined the Red Army in 1918. He was enrolled in the 1st Saratov Infantry Regiment of the 25th Chapaev Division. Participated in the civil war, fought against Dutov, Kolchak, Denikin and the White Poles. After the war, he graduated from the two-year Kyiv United Infantry School and was assigned to the Central Asian Military District. He took part in the fight against the Basmachi.
The Great Patriotic War found Major General Panfilov at the post of military commissar of the Kyrgyz Republic. Having formed the 316th rifle division, he went with it to the front and in October - November 1941 fought near Moscow. For military distinctions he was awarded two Orders of the Red Banner (1921, 1929) and the medal "XX Years of the Red Army".
The title of Hero of the Soviet Union Ivan Vasilievich Panfilov was awarded posthumously on April 12, 1942 for his skillful leadership of division units in the battles on the outskirts of Moscow and his personal courage and heroism.
In the first half of October 1941, the 316th Division arrived in the 16th Army and took up defensive positions on a wide front on the outskirts of Volokolamsk. General Panfilov was the first to widely use the system of in-depth artillery anti-tank defense, created and skillfully used mobile barrier detachments in battle. Thanks to this, the stamina of our troops increased significantly, and all attempts by the 5th German Army Corps to break through the defenses were unsuccessful. Within seven days, the division, together with the cadet regiment S.I. Mladentseva and dedicated units of anti-tank artillery successfully repelled enemy attacks.
Attaching great importance to the capture of Volokolamsk, the Nazi command sent another motorized corps into the area. Only under pressure from superior enemy forces, parts of the division were forced to leave Volokolamsk at the end of October and take up defenses east of the city.
On November 16, fascist troops launched a second "general" offensive against Moscow. A fierce battle broke out near Volokolamsk again. On this day, at the Dubosekovo junction, 28 Panfilov soldiers under the command of political instructor V.G. Klochkov repelled the attack of enemy tanks, and held the occupied line. The enemy tanks also failed to break through in the direction of the villages of Mykanino and Strokovo. The division of General Panfilov firmly held its positions, its soldiers fought to the death.
For the exemplary performance of the combat missions of the command, the mass heroism of the personnel, the 316th division was awarded the Order of the Red Banner on November 17, 1941, and the next day it was transformed into the 8th Guards Rifle Division.
Nikolai Frantsevich Gastello
Nikolai Frantsevich was born on May 6, 1908 in Moscow, in a working-class family. Graduated from 5 classes. He worked as a mechanic at the Murom Locomotive Plant of Construction Machines. In the Soviet Army in May 1932. In 1933 he graduated from the Lugansk military pilot school in bomber units. In 1939 he participated in the battles on the river. Khalkhin - Gol and the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940. In the army since June 1941, the squadron commander of the 207th long-range bomber aviation regiment (42nd bomber aviation division, 3rd bomber aviation corps DBA), captain Gastello, on June 26, 1941, carried out another flight on a mission. His bomber was hit and caught fire. He directed the burning aircraft at a concentration of enemy troops. From the explosion of the bomber, the enemy suffered heavy losses. For the accomplished feat on July 26, 1941, he was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Gastello's name is forever listed in the lists of military units. On the site of the feat on the Minsk-Vilnius highway, a memorial monument was erected in Moscow.
Zoya Anatolyevna Kosmodemyanskaya ("Tanya")
Zoya Anatolyevna ["Tanya" (09/13/1923 - 11/29/1941)] - Soviet partisan, Hero of the Soviet Union was born in Osino-Gai, Gavrilovsky district, Tambov region, in the family of an employee. In 1930 the family moved to Moscow. 
She graduated from 9 classes of school number 201. 
In October 1941, the Komsomol member Kosmodemyanskaya voluntarily joined a special partisan detachment, acting on instructions from the headquarters of the Western Front in the Mozhaisk direction.
Twice sent to the rear of the enemy. At the end of November 1941, while performing the second combat mission in the area of the village of Petrishchevo (Russian district of the Moscow region), she was captured by the Nazis. Despite severe torture, she did not give out military secrets, did not give her name.
On November 29, she was hanged by the Nazis. Her devotion to the Motherland, courage and selflessness have become an inspiring example in the fight against the enemy. On February 6, 1942, he was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Manshuk Zhiengalievna Mametova
Manshuk Mametova was born in 1922 in the Urdinsky district of the West Kazakhstan region. Manshuk's parents died early, and the five-year-old girl was adopted by her aunt Amina Mametova. Childhood Manshuk passed in Almaty.
When the Great Patriotic War began, Manshuk studied at the medical institute and at the same time worked in the secretariat of the Council of People's Commissars of the republic. In August 1942, she voluntarily joined the Red Army and went to the front. In the unit where Manshuk arrived, she was left as a clerk at the headquarters. But the young patriot decided to become a front line fighter, and a month later Senior Sergeant Mametova was transferred to the rifle battalion of the 21st Guards Rifle Division.
Short, but bright, like a flashing star, was her life. Manshuk died in the battle for the honor and freedom of her native country, when she was in her twenty-first year and had just joined the party. The short battle path of the glorious daughter of the Kazakh people ended with an immortal feat accomplished by her near the walls of the ancient Russian city of Nevel.
On October 16, 1943, the battalion in which Manshuk Mametova served was ordered to repulse the enemy's counterattack. As soon as the Nazis tried to repulse the attack, the machine gun of Senior Sergeant Mametova started working. The Nazis rolled back, leaving hundreds of corpses. Several violent attacks of the Nazis have already choked at the foot of the hill. Suddenly, the girl noticed that two neighboring machine guns fell silent - the machine gunners were killed. Then Manshuk, quickly crawling from one firing point to another, began to fire at the pressing enemies from three machine guns.
The enemy transferred mortar fire to the positions of the resourceful girl. A close explosion of a heavy mine overturned a machine gun, behind which lay Manshuk. Wounded in the head, the machine gunner lost consciousness for a while, but the triumphant cries of the approaching Nazis forced her to wake up. Instantly moving to a nearby machine gun, Manshuk lashed the chains of fascist warriors with a lead shower. And again the enemy attack choked. This ensured the successful advance of our units, but the girl from distant Urda remained lying on the hillside. Her fingers froze on the Maxim trigger.
On March 1, 1944, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Senior Sergeant Manshuk Zhiengaliyevna Mametova was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Aliya Moldagulova
Aliya Moldagulova was born on April 20, 1924 in the village of Bulak, Khobdinsky district, Aktobe region. After the death of her parents, she was brought up by her uncle Aubakir Moldagulov. With his family, she moved from city to city. She studied at the 9th secondary school in Leningrad. In the fall of 1942, Aliya Moldagulova joined the army and was sent to a sniper school. In May 1943, Aliya submitted a report to the school command with a request to send her to the front. Aliya ended up in the 3rd company of the 4th battalion of the 54th rifle brigade under the command of Major Moiseev.
By the beginning of October, Aliya Moldagulova had 32 dead fascists on her account.
In December 1943, Moiseev's battalion was ordered to drive the enemy out of the village of Kazachikha. By capturing this settlement, the Soviet command hoped to cut the railway line along which the Nazis were transferring reinforcements. The Nazis fiercely resisted, skillfully using the benefits of the area. The slightest advance of our companies came at a heavy price, and yet slowly but steadily our fighters approached the enemy's fortifications. Suddenly, a lone figure appeared ahead of the advancing chains.
Suddenly, a lone figure appeared ahead of the advancing chains. The Nazis noticed the brave warrior and opened fire from machine guns. Catching the moment when the fire weakened, the fighter rose to his full height and dragged the entire battalion with him.
After a fierce battle, our fighters took possession of the height. The daredevil lingered in the trench for some time. There were traces of pain on his pale face, and strands of black hair broke out from under his cap with earflaps. It was Aliya Moldagulova. She destroyed 10 fascists in this battle. The wound was light, and the girl remained in the ranks.
In an effort to restore the situation, the enemy rushed into counterattacks. On January 14, 1944, a group of enemy soldiers managed to break into our trenches. A hand-to-hand fight ensued. Aliya mowed down the Nazis with well-aimed bursts of the machine gun. Suddenly, she instinctively felt danger behind her back. She turned sharply, but it was too late: the German officer fired first. Gathering the last of her strength, Aliya threw up her machine gun and the Nazi officer fell to the frozen ground...
The wounded Aliya was carried out by her comrades from the battlefield. The fighters wanted to believe in a miracle, and they offered blood to save the girl. But the wound was fatal.
On June 4, 1944, Corporal Aliya Moldagulova was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Sevastyanov Alexey Tikhonovich
Sevastyanov Aleksey Tikhonovich, flight commander of the 26th Fighter Aviation Regiment (7th Fighter Aviation Corps, Leningrad Air Defense Zone), junior lieutenant. He was born on February 16, 1917 in the village of Kholm, now the Likhoslavl district of the Tver (Kalinin) region. Russian. Graduated from the Kalinin Carriage Building College. In the Red Army since 1936. In 1939 he graduated from the Kachin Military Aviation School.
Member of the Great Patriotic War since June 1941. In total, during the war years, junior lieutenant Sevastyanov A.T. made more than 100 sorties, shot down 2 enemy aircraft personally (one of them by ramming), 2 - in a group and an observation balloon.
The title of Hero of the Soviet Union Alexei Tikhonovich Sevastyanov was awarded posthumously on June 6, 1942.
On November 4, 1941, junior lieutenant Sevastyanov on an Il-153 aircraft patrolled on the outskirts of Leningrad. At about 22.00, an enemy air raid on the city began. Despite the fire of anti-aircraft artillery, one He-111 bomber managed to break through to Leningrad. Sevastyanov attacked the enemy, but missed. He went on the attack a second time and opened fire at close range, but again missed. Sevastyanov attacked for the third time. Coming close, he pressed the trigger, but there were no shots - the cartridges ran out. In order not to miss the enemy, he decided to go for a ram. Approaching behind the "Heinkel", he chopped off his tail with a screw. Then he left the damaged fighter and landed by parachute. The bomber crashed in the Tauride Garden area. The crew members who jumped out on parachutes were taken prisoner. The fallen Sevastyanov fighter was found in Baskov lane and restored by specialists of the 1st Rembaza.
April 23, 1942 Sevastyanov A.T. died in an unequal air battle, defending the "Road of Life" across Ladoga (shot down 2.5 km from the village of Rakhya, Vsevolozhsk district; a monument was erected in this place). He was buried in Leningrad at the Chesme cemetery. Forever enrolled in the lists of the military unit. A street in St. Petersburg, the House of Culture in the village of Pervitino, Likhoslavl District, are named after him. The documentary "Heroes Don't Die" is dedicated to his feat.
Matveev Vladimir Ivanovich
Matveev Vladimir Ivanovich Squadron commander of the 154th Fighter Aviation Regiment (39th Fighter Aviation Division, Northern Front) - Captain. Born October 27, 1911 in St. Petersburg in a working class family. Russian Member of the CPSU(b) since 1938. Graduated from 5 classes. He worked as a mechanic at the factory "Red October". In the Red Army since 1930. In 1931 he graduated from the Leningrad military-theoretical school of pilots, in 1933 - Borisoglebsk military aviation school of pilots. Member of the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940.
With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War at the front. Captain Matveev V.I. On July 8, 1941, when repelling an enemy air raid on Leningrad, having used up all the ammunition, he used a ram: he cut off the tail of a Nazi aircraft with the end of the plane of his MiG-3. An enemy plane crashed near the village of Malyutino. He successfully landed at his airport. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal was awarded to Vladimir Ivanovich Matveev on July 22, 1941.
Killed in air combat January 1, 1942, covering the "Road of Life" on Ladoga. Buried in Leningrad.
Polyakov Sergey Nikolaevich
Sergei Polyakov was born in 1908 in Moscow into a working-class family. He graduated from 7 classes of incomplete secondary school. Since 1930 in the Red Army, he graduated from the military aviation school. Member of the Spanish Civil War 1936-1939. In air battles, he shot down 5 Franco aircraft. 
Member of the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940. On the fronts of the Great Patriotic War from the first day. The commander of the 174th Assault Aviation Regiment, Major S.N. Polyakov, made 42 sorties, inflicting precise strikes on airfields, equipment and manpower of the enemy, while destroying 42 and damaging 35 aircraft.
On December 23, 1941, he died while performing the next combat mission. On February 10, 1943, for courage and courage shown in battles with enemies, Sergey Nikolaevich Polyakov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously). For the period of service he was awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Banner (twice), the Red Star, and medals. He was buried in the village of Agalatovo, Vsevolozhsk district, Leningrad region.
Muravitsky Luka Zakharovich
Luka Muravitsky was born on December 31, 1916 in the village of Dolgoe, now the Soligorsk district of the Minsk region, into a peasant family. He graduated from 6 classes and school FZU. Worked on the subway in Moscow. Graduated from the Aeroclub. In the Soviet Army since 1937. He graduated from the Borisoglebsk military school for pilots in 1939. B.ZYu 
Member of the Great Patriotic War since July 1941. Junior Lieutenant Muravitsky began his combat activity as part of the 29th IAP of the Moscow Military District. This regiment met the war on outdated I-153 fighters. Sufficiently maneuverable, they were inferior to enemy aircraft in speed and firepower. Analyzing the first air battles, the pilots came to the conclusion that they needed to abandon the pattern of straight-line attacks, and fight on turns, in dives, on a "hill" when their "Seagull" gained additional speed. At the same time, it was decided to switch to flights in twos, abandoning the link of three aircraft established by the official position.
The very first flights of "twos" showed their clear advantage. So, at the end of July, Alexander Popov, paired with Luka Muravitsky, returning after escorting the bombers, met with six Messers. Our pilots were the first to attack and shot down the leader of the enemy group. Stunned by the sudden blow, the Nazis hurried to get out.
On each of his planes, Luka Muravitsky painted the inscription “For Anya” on the fuselage with white paint. The pilots at first laughed at him, and the authorities ordered the inscription to be erased. But before each new flight, on the fuselage of the aircraft on the starboard side again appeared - "For Anya" ... No one knew who this Anya was, whom Luka remembers even going into battle ...
Once, before a sortie, the regiment commander ordered Muravitsky to immediately erase the inscription and more so that it would not happen again! Then Luka told the commander that this was his beloved girl, who worked with him at the Metrostroy, studied at the flying club, that she loved him, they were going to get married, but ... She crashed jumping from an airplane. The parachute did not open... Even if she did not die in battle, Luka continued, but she was preparing to become an air fighter, to defend her Motherland. The commander relented.
Participating in the defense of Moscow, the commander of the 29th IAP, Luka Muravitsky, achieved excellent results. He was distinguished not only by sober calculation and courage, but also by his willingness to do anything to defeat the enemy. So on September 3, 1941, acting on the Western Front, he rammed an enemy He-111 reconnaissance aircraft and made a safe landing on the damaged aircraft. At the beginning of the war, we had few planes, and that day Muravitsky had to fly alone - to cover the railway station, where an echelon with ammunition was being unloaded. Fighters, as a rule, flew in pairs, but here - one ...
At first everything went smoothly. The lieutenant vigilantly watched the air around the station, but as you can see, if there are multi-layered clouds overhead, rain. When Muravitsky was making a U-turn over the outskirts of the station, he saw a German reconnaissance aircraft in the gap between the tiers of clouds. Luka sharply increased the engine speed and rushed across the Heinkel-111. The Lieutenant's attack was unexpected, the "Heinkel" had not yet had time to open fire, as a machine-gun burst pierced the enemy, and he, descending steeply, began to flee. Muravitsky caught up with the Heinkel, opened fire on it again, and suddenly the machine gun fell silent. The pilot reloaded, but apparently ran out of ammunition. And then Muravitsky decided to ram the enemy.
He increased the speed of the plane - "Heinkel" is getting closer and closer. The Nazis are already visible in the cockpit ... Without reducing speed, Muravitsky approaches almost close to the Nazi aircraft and hits the tail with a propeller. The jerk and propeller of the fighter cut through the metal of the tail unit of the Non-111 ... The enemy plane crashed into the ground behind the railroad tracks in a wasteland. Luca also hit his head hard on the dashboard, aim and lost consciousness. I woke up - the plane falls to the ground in a tailspin. Gathering all his strength, the pilot with difficulty stopped the rotation of the machine and brought it out of a steep dive. He could not fly further and had to land the car at the station...
Having healed, Muravitsky returned to his regiment. And again fights. The flight commander flew into battle several times a day. He was eager to fight and again, as before the injury, the fuselage of his fighter was carefully displayed: "For Anya." By the end of September, the brave pilot already had about 40 air victories, won personally and as part of a group.
Soon one of the squadrons of the 29th IAP, which included Luka Muravitsky, was transferred to the Leningrad Front to reinforce the 127th IAP. The main task of this regiment was to escort transport aircraft along the Ladoga highway, cover their landing, loading and unloading. Acting as part of the 127th IAP, Senior Lieutenant Muravitsky shot down 3 more enemy aircraft. On October 22, 1941, Muravitsky was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the exemplary performance of the combat missions of the command, for the courage and bravery shown in battle. By this time, 14 enemy aircraft were already downed on his personal account.
On November 30, 1941, the commander of the 127th IAP, Senior Lieutenant Maravitsky, died in an unequal air battle, defending Leningrad ... The total result of his combat activities, in various sources, is estimated differently. The most common figure is 47 (10 victories won personally and 37 as part of a group), less often - 49 (12 personally and 37 in a group). However, all these figures do not fit in with the figure of personal victories - 14, given above. Moreover, in one of the publications it is generally stated that Luka Muravitsky won his last victory in May 1945, over Berlin. Unfortunately, exact data is not yet available.
Luka Zakharovich Muravitsky was buried in the village of Kapitolovo, Vsevolozhsky District, Leningrad Region. A street in the village of Dolgoye is named after him.
The heroes of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 and their exploits are briefly described in many articles and books dedicated to that era. Quite a lot about it filmed and a variety of films. However, the meager information presented in this way cannot fully tell how big a role they played in the overall victory over fascism. But the contribution of each hero individually was simply colossal and was inherently unique. In this article, the given facts are also listed very concisely, but this does not detract from their significance in the historical aspect!
Heroes of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 and their exploits, briefly:
The famous feat of Matrosov was admired and applauded by virtually the whole country. His name has always figured among the most famous heroes of the USSR of that time.
After all, it was hard to imagine that this brave man would be able to take an extraordinary step at the critical moment of the battle, connected with covering the embrasure with his own body, from which the German gun fired. In fact, by this action of his, Matrosov allowed his comrades-in-arms to successfully complete the attack on German positions, but at the same time lost his own life.
In 1941, the Nazis dominated the skies, so in that period it was extremely difficult for Soviet pilots to compete with them. But, even despite this, on June 26, the crew, led by Captain Gastello, flew out on a combat mission. The purpose of this sortie was to destroy the enemy mechanized column.
However, the Nazis reliably guarded their unit and as soon as they noticed the aircraft of the enemy side, they opened heavy fire on them from anti-aircraft guns. As a result of this shelling, Gastello's aircraft was damaged - the fuel tank caught fire. Of course, even in this situation, the pilot could jump out of the parachute and land safely. However, he chose a completely different path - he sent the burning plane directly to the accumulation of German equipment.
Viktor Talalikhin
He made his first ram in August 1941, when he damaged a German bomber, but at the same time he managed to jump out of the plane by parachute and thus save his life.
In the future, Victor managed to destroy 5 more German aircraft, but in October of the same year, not far from Podolsk, during the next air battle, the hero died.
He was the commander of a partisan detachment, which became a real hell for the Nazis. The partisans, led by German, were able to destroy a lot of military equipment and manpower of the opponent, derailed entire trains and smashed the German military dispositions. But in 1943, in the Pskov region, the detachment was surrounded.
And even being in such a difficult situation, Herman did not lose his temper, but ordered his fighters to break through the German positions. The partisans fought desperately against the superior forces of the enemy. In one of the battles, Alexander German received a mortal bullet wound, but the feat of his militia will live forever!
Khrustitsky successfully led a tank brigade and distinguished himself during Operation Iskra, which was carried out on the Leningrad Front. Thanks to this success, the German grouping in this area was subsequently completely eliminated. Fatal for Vladislav was the battle near Volosovo, which took place in 1944.
Once surrounded, Khrustitsky ordered his tank unit to counterattack the enemy troops via radio communication, after which his car was the first to go into open battle. As a result of a bloody battle, the village of Volosovo was liberated from the Nazis, but the brave commander fell in this exhausting battle.
In the Lugansk region, an underground youth organization successfully opposed the fascist regime, which included about 100 young people. The youngest member of this group was only 14 years old. Basically, this included young activists and Soviet soldiers cut off from the main units. The most famous members of the Young Guard militia were Sergey Tyulenin, Ulyana Gromova, Oleg Koshevoy, Vasily Levashov. The main activity of this organization was to distribute anti-fascist leaflets among the local population.
Massive damage to the Germans was caused when a workshop was burned down by young underground workers, in which damaged German tanks were being restored. Also, the members of the "Young Guard" managed to eliminate the exchange of invaders, from which people were massively sent to Germany for forced labor. In the future, this group planned a large-scale uprising against the Nazis, but their plans were revealed because of the traitors. The Nazis shot about 70 people, but the memory of their brave deed will live forever!
Kosmodemyanskaya was part of the Western Front and her main activity was to organize sabotage actions aimed at destroying the occupying troops. In 1941, during the next assignment, Zoya was caught by the Germans, then she was tortured for a long time in the hope of getting information from her about other members of the group. However, the 18-year-old girl steadfastly endured all the trials, without saying a single superfluous word to the Nazis regarding her sabotage activities.
Resigned to this fact, the Nazis hanged Kosmodemyanskaya. However, even before her death, Zoya, seeing that peaceful local residents came to see her execution, shouted parting words to them that the enemy would still be defeated and sooner or later retribution for the Nazis would come!
Matvey Kuzmin
It just so happened that, by the will of fate, Matvey Kuzmin accomplished a feat very similar to the well-known story about Ivan Susanin. He also had to lead a unit of invaders through the forest area. After assessing the situation, first Matvey sent his grandson ahead of him, who was supposed to notify the partisans that the enemy was approaching.
Thanks to this prudent action, the Nazis were actually trapped and a terrible mortal battle ensued. As a result of the skirmish, Kuzmin was killed by a German officer, but the feat of this elderly man, who was already 84 years old at that moment, will remain in the memory of people forever!
Osipenko led a small partisan detachment. Together with his comrades, he organized various sabotage and during one of them he had to undermine the enemy's train. To achieve this goal, Yefim Osipenko crawled under the railway bridge and threw homemade explosives under the train itself.
Initially, the explosion did not follow, but the hero was not at a loss, and managed to hit the grenade with a pole from the railway sign, after which it detonated, and the long train went downhill. Yefim miraculously survived in this situation, but completely lost consciousness from the blast wave.
In 1942, Zina Portnova handed out leaflets with anti-fascist slogans, and later, having got a job in a German canteen, she was able to commit several acts of sabotage there. Since 1943, the brave girl went to the partisan detachment, where she also continued to engage in sabotage activities against the invaders. However, the defectors surrendered Zina to the enemy, after which she was subjected to terrible torture at the hands of the Nazis, but did not submit to them.
During one of the interrogations, the girl noticed that a loaded pistol was lying on the table. Without hesitation, she grabbed a weapon and shot her three tormentors right on the spot. Realizing that her fate was already a foregone conclusion, Zina Portnova steadfastly met death in prison, where she was shot by the Nazis.
Of course, each of these feats is thoroughly imbued with the courage and fortitude of the fighters against the occupation regime of Nazi Germany. On these stories in the Soviet Union, a sense of patriotism was brought up among young people. The heroes of the Great Patriotic War were always proud and wanted to be equal to them. Children were told about them in schools in the classroom and even in kindergartens.
The heroes of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 and their exploits are briefly described in this article. The memory of those bloody events and that inexhaustible heroism that reigned in the Soviet people will live forever, since one can only admire their exploits! Even future generations, having read a book about the war or watched a movie that tells about those distant events, will be amazed at the fortitude of the spirit of their legendary ancestors! Thematic Video: