Squeeze the carotid artery in the neck. What happens if you press the human carotid artery? Sleep or death? Ischemic, or organic, stage

13.08.2020

Probably, many have heard that there is such a carotid artery, and if you press it, the person will turn off. Is it true? And why is the effect on the notorious artery so dangerous?

What is the carotid artery?

In fact, we have two whole carotid arteries. One of them is located on the right side of the neck, the other on the left. The one on the left is slightly longer, it starts in the aortic arch, and the right one - at the brachiocephalic trunk.

The general function of the carotid artery is to transport blood from the heart muscle to the brain and other peripheral organs in the head. It is thanks to her that our brain is stably supplied with oxygen. Constriction of the carotid artery (for example, by a tight collar or tie) can cause noticeable discomfort.

The outer part of the carotid artery runs above the larynx towards the front of the head. In the area of \u200b\u200b"Adam's apple", it divides into two branches, one of which supplies blood to the brain, and the other - the face and eyes. The terminal branches form a network of capillaries, thanks to which, in certain life situations, our eyeballs can turn red, and our face skin can become blush.

The interior of the carotid artery directly delivers oxygen-rich blood to the brain cells. It enters the skull in the area of \u200b\u200bthe temple.

Under the influence of stress, hot weather, and other external factors, blood flow in the internal artery can increase. In this case, we experience a surge of strength and emotional uplift. But if the intensity of blood flow exceeds the norm for a long time, the process of decline will begin and the person will fall into a state of weakness.

In the area of \u200b\u200bthe carotid artery, it is easy to feel the pulse. To do this, you need to find a point located in the fossa under the cheekbone, on the right or left side of the Adam's apple. If a person has a strong musculature, this may take longer, as the carotid artery can be blocked by muscles. Usually this method is used if they cannot find a pulse on the wrist.

What shouldn't be done about the carotid artery?

The carotid artery should not be strongly squeezed. If you just click on it, the person will feel sleepy as oxygen starvation sets in. If you press the carotid artery for a long time, the object will fall asleep (this is why the artery is called carotid). Rather, he will lose consciousness.

Pressing too hard while holding the fingers on the neck for a long time can cause the oxygen supply to the brain to stop completely. As a result, a person will either remain disabled or die altogether. Bleeding from the carotid artery in 2-3 minutes is fatal if professional medical assistance is not provided to the victim in time. And doctors with such injuries may be powerless.

How to check the pulse in the carotid artery correctly?

If it becomes necessary to check the pulse on the neck, you should not press on the carotid artery with all your might, but lightly press it with your index and middle fingers. To count the number of strokes, the impact must be carried out with the hand that corresponds to this side of the carotid artery. So, if you are counting the pulse from the right side of your neck, use your right hand. If on the left - then the left. If you measure the pulse on the right side with your left hand, you can pinch both parts of the artery, which will affect both the results and the patient's condition.

The carotid artery is one of the largest vessels in the human body. It forms a whole network of blood vessels that supply blood to the brain, its membranes and facial muscles. And at the same time, it is the most vulnerable of the large vessels of a person, since the common carotid artery is located close to the surface of the skin.

It should immediately be noted that there are several vessels with this name in the human body. Usually they mean the common carotid artery - a paired vessel, on the left it departs directly from the aorta, and on the right - from the short brachiocephalic trunk, which gives rise to not only the carotid, but also the subclavian artery on the right.

On both sides, the vessels pass behind the clavicle, thyroid and larynx on the anterolateral surface of the neck. At the level of the IV-V cervical vertebra (the thyroid cartilage of the larynx, which in men forms the Adam's apple), they are divided into two main branches.

The outer one continues its movement up the neck, bends around the outside of the joint of the lower jaw, supplies blood to the muscles of the face, lower jaw, meninges, and bones of the skull. The internal branch enters the cranial cavity behind the lower jaw and supplies the pia mater and brain tissue with blood.

The internal carotid arteries on both sides, together with the vertebral arteries on both sides, form the circle of Willis - a structure that maintains the blood supply to the brain stem even if one of the four vessels that form it is damaged.

A characteristic feature of the carotid arteries is a developed network of communications (anastomoses) between the systems of the external and internal carotid artery, carotid arteries on both sides.

In fact, the network of blood vessels in the head is a single structure that allows the brain to maintain at least partial blood supply in case of vascular disease and injury.

Meaning, structure and function

The carotid arteries form the basis of the blood circulation of the brain, its higher parts - the cerebral hemispheres, the diencephalon and its nuclei, partially - the middle, medulla oblongata and cerebellum. The brain stem receives blood supply twice - it is fed by the vertebral arteries (branching off from the subclavian) and the internal carotid arteries.

Also, from the pool of the same artery, muscles, bones and skin of the face, eyes, olfactory receptors in the nose and taste receptors in the tongue, teeth and gums are supplied.

A large number of anastomoses allows you to maintain a relative blood supply in vascular pathologies, but also creates a number of dangers. For example, from the focus of inflammation on the skin of the face, pathogens can penetrate the meninges or the brain.

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of the carotid artery for the state of the human brain - both arterial systems bring about 70% of blood to the nervous tissue and its accompanying structures.

Internal and external carotid artery

The main vessel branches into two large branches, called external and internal. The branching point is at the level of the IV-V cervical vertebra, behind the thyroid cartilage of the larynx. This part of the common carotid artery is called the bifurcation. Both arteries rise up the neck and supply blood to the structures of the head.

The internal carotid artery bends around the temporomandibular joint from the inside and enters the inside of the cranial cavity through a canal in the temporal bone. Until this moment, it does not give large branches. Further, the internal carotid artery gives rise to several large vessels.

The branches of both internal carotid and both vertebral arteries form the circle of Willis - the most important arterial structure of the brain. The blood flow in it remains even if one of the carotid or vertebral arteries is damaged. In addition to the arterial ring, the artery produces several more branches that provide blood to the cerebral hemispheres and eyes.

The external carotid artery in the neck runs parallel to the internal one, and also does not give large branches.

It goes around the temporomandibular joint from the outside and goes to the facial muscles. It gives three main groups of branches.The anterior group supplies blood to the lower jaw, the thyroid gland, larynx, and tongue. Middle - temporal region, upper jaw, eye sockets and part of the pharynx and esophagus. Back - the back of the head, auricle and middle ear, the lateral surface of the neck. In each group of branches there are blood vessels supplying the dura mater.

The areas of blood supply to each of the group of vessels intersect with adjacent branches, as well as with the same name from the opposite side, forming a complex network of anastomoses. This leads to both positive phenomena - a stable blood supply to the brain, even with injuries and pathologies of a part of the vessels, and to negative ones - it creates pathways for the spread of infection and blood clots inside the cranial cavity.

How to measure the pulse of the carotid artery?

The common carotid artery is palpable on the neck just below the thyroid cartilage of the larynx on either side of the trachea. The thyroid cartilage in men forms the Adam's apple, and therefore is easily distinguishable visually. In women, it is palpable when the head is slightly thrown back. Having felt the thyroid cartilage, you need to lower your fingers 1-2 cm lower - it is at this point that you can palpate the pulse on the carotid artery.

Normally, the pulse on the common carotid arteries is the same on both sides, it is felt somewhat more distinctly than on the radial arteries (on the wrist), but coincides with it in frequency. As a rule, in healthy people, the pulse on the carotid arteries is not measured, since this is not necessary.

This indicator becomes important if vascular pathology is suspected. In particular, the discrepancy between the pulse in the carotid and radial arteries indicates that there is some obstruction to blood flow in the subclavian artery system (thrombus or congenital vasoconstriction).

If the pulse on the right and left carotid arteries does not coincide in frequency, this indicates a violation of blood flow in the system of one of the common carotid arteries.

In shock and terminal states, the pulse on the radial arteries is not determined, and there is a need to look for it on the common carotids. The absence of a pulse in the carotid arteries is one of the signs of clinical death.

Danger of crushing the carotid artery

Among all the large vessels, the carotid artery is located closest to the skin. This makes it easy to identify on it, but creates the risk of damage. Any neck injury, especially affecting its anterolateral surface, is dangerous by injury to the carotid artery, which leads to severe bleeding and rapid death from blood loss.

But there is another danger - the squeezing of the carotid artery, in which the blood flow in it sharply decreases or completely stops. Crushing can occur due to injury - for example, in a person trapped in a blockage, with improper first aid (trying to put a splint on the neck or stop bleeding from the opposite artery or jugular vein), and it can also happen on purpose.

For more information on how to find the carotid artery to measure the pulse, see the video:

Pressing the carotid artery causes oxygen deprivation of the brain. A person feels sleepy and tired after just a few seconds of exposure. If it does not stop, the victim loses consciousness, then death from oxygen starvation occurs. When both common carotid arteries are clamped, death occurs within 20-30 minutes.

There is an additional danger - for some people, the circle of Willis is not completely closed due to the fact that one of the branches is missing or underdeveloped. In this case, the clamping of one of the carotid arteries is not compensated for by the other three vessels, and this leads to a much faster death.

Carotid artery hurts - what does it mean?

It is difficult for a layman (and a specialist too) to distinguish carotid pain from other neck pain. However, the pathology of this vessel can cause soreness. Most often this is a sign of an aneurysm - an expansion of the vessel walls.

It can be either congenital or acquired as a result of various injuries or diseases. The essence of the pathology is that a bulge is formed in the wall of the vessel, which changes the speed of blood flow and creates its vortices. All vessels are subject to this pathology, including the common, external and internal carotid artery.

The danger of aneurysm is that the turbulence of the blood flow creates conditions for damage to erythrocytes and vascular endothelium, as a result - a thrombus is formed, which can block the lumen of the vessel or break off and block one of the branches of the carotid artery, which leads to strokes or damage to the facial muscles.

About what the carotid artery is important for the body, where it is located, what will happen if you press it, people often find out when a person is in a critical situation nearby. More medically aware people can check the pulse on the neck when it is not possible to do it on the arm. The absence of artery beating means the need for urgent action to revive - resuscitation.

Features of anatomy

There are six arteries that are called sleepy in the human body

two common;
two external;
two internal.

They are located on the left and right in the neck and head. Their main task is to ensure a sufficient flow of blood, and with it oxygen and nutrients to the brain, organs of hearing, smell, vision, tissues of the head, face, and organs of the neck.

The length of the common carotid arteries is not the same. On the left, it is longer, since it departs directly from the aortic arch. On the right, the carotid artery originates from the brachiocephalic trunk - the common part of the artery that carries blood to the arm and head.

Both common vessels go up to the head and are divided into internal and external sections at the level of the thyroid cartilage of the larynx, approximately in the middle of the neck. The bifurcation site is normally somewhat enlarged and called the carotid sinus. A very important formation for the body is located here - a sleepy glomus, a tubercle, a nodule. It is saturated with nerve endings, receptors that respond to pressure and chemical changes in the blood. This reflexogenic zone stabilizes blood pressure, heart rate and blood gas composition.

External sleepy. It is located more anteriorly, has four sections and provides blood flow in all tissues of the surface of the head and face, tongue, and thyroid gland. Its branches branch off to

thyroid gland;
language;
face;
pharynx;
ears;
back of the head.

Internal sleepy. At the level of the neck, it does not give up any branches; it passes into the cranial cavity through the carotid opening in the temporal bone. It has several segments in accordance with the anatomical formations through which it goes:

cervical;
connective;
rocky;
cavernous;
ocular;
wedge-shaped;
torn hole segment.

Inside the skull, branches extend from the internal carotid to the large brain, eyeballs, and spinal cord.

Why is the condition of the carotid artery important?

The state of blood flow through the carotid arteries is extremely important, since an insufficient supply of blood to the brain leads to the development of pathological conditions that can threaten not only the weakening of health, but also the vitality of the body as a whole.

How to determine the pulse on the carotid artery

Usually they start looking for it if the hand is not detected or there is a traumatic injury to the hands. In order to know if a person's heart beats without a pulse on the wrist, it is important to know where the carotid artery is located in the neck.

The examiner's fingers are placed on the lower surface of the jaw in the area between the chin and the earlobe.
They are carried down towards the middle of the neck, where the clavicles attach to the sternum.
At the border of the middle and upper third of this distance, the beat of the carotid artery is most likely to be found.

Another method is more suitable for men who have a clearly defined Adam's apple: they place the index and middle fingers on the Adam's apple and move to the side, falling into a soft depression where the pulse is felt.

Carotid artery: where is it, what will happen if you press it

When looking for the carotid artery in the neck, you should not use force and pressure on it.

Severe clamping can reduce the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain and cause fainting.
If you press in the area of \u200b\u200bthe carotid sinus, sleepy gloomus, a person may lose consciousness due to a reflex lowering of blood pressure.
The carotid arteries in the elderly are a favorite localization of atherosclerotic plaques, especially the area of \u200b\u200bthe carotid sinus. With careless, strong pressure, they are partially destroyed, and their fragments can clog the smaller vessels of the brain, the eye socket, and cause irreversible damage. In addition, there may be blood clots on the surface of the plaques, which, when torn off, cause stroke, thrombosis of the arteries of the eye and other vessels of the head.

Therefore, neck pulse researchers must be extremely careful.

Diseases of the carotid arteries

Most often, these vessels are prone to atherosclerosis. Less common are aneurysms and pathological tortuosity of their various departments.

Atherosclerosis

When happens

decreased elasticity of the arteries;
narrowing of their lumen;
occlusion - complete blockage.

Depending on the volume of the lesion, blood flow through the carotid arteries and their branches is disturbed. Particularly severe circulatory disorders are noted with blockage of the vessels of the internal carotid system. If compensation is not possible, blood stops flowing to certain parts of the brain, which leads to fatal disorders of brain functions and the death of the patient.

Aneurysm

Of limited extent, pathological vasodilation can develop with

atherosclerotic lesions of the walls and exposure to high blood pressure;
congenital connective tissue features;
systemic diseases.

In the expansion zone of the vessel, its walls are thinned, so there is a great danger of their rupture. This leads to hemorrhagic stroke if it occurs at the level of the intracerebral arteries and to massive bleeding if the aneurysm was located in a wider vessel in the neck.

Pathological tortuosity

It can also be due to heredity or atherosclerosis in combination with hypertension. Types of crimps:

S-shaped. Does not cause significant disturbances, but it can progress, transforming into more dangerous forms.
Kink. It can periodically block the blood flow, which can manifest itself as a violation of cerebral circulation.
Loop-shaped. The peculiarities of blood flow through the loop lead to a decrease in its velocity at the exit, which disrupts normal hemodynamics.

Diagnostics

The pathology of the carotid artery is accompanied by some symptoms, often dizziness, fainting, headaches, memory impairments, but it cannot be considered specific, since similar symptoms can be observed in other diseases. Moreover, patients often learn about aneurysms, atherosclerotic plaques and crimps by chance during examination for another reason, since stenosis of an artery up to half of the lumen does not significantly affect hemodynamics.

Therefore, for an accurate diagnosis, they use:

Ultrasound techniques - duplex scanning with Doppler analysis;
X-rays - angiography, spiral computed tomography.
Magnetic resonance imaging.

They give an idea of \u200b\u200bthe degree of damage to the arteries, the presence of plaque in the lumen, narrowing or enlargement, wall thickness, blood flow velocity. These parameters allow clinicians to determine which treatment is indicated for a patient.

Treatment

The initial stages of atherosclerosis and hypertension are subject to conservative treatment. It includes

The use of medications that lower blood pressure, normalize cholesterol levels, prevent the formation of plaques, dissolve them, and strengthen the vascular wall.
Lifestyle changes in order to strengthen blood vessels, immunity, get rid of excess weight, suppress the harmful effects of smoking, alcohol intake.

Surgical treatment is indicated for significant obstructions in blood flow or for developing bleeding, strokes.

Carotid endarterectomy. Removal of atherosclerotic plaques and other deposits from the vessel.
Artery stenting. Installation of a rigid structure inside the artery in order to prevent its further narrowing.
Vascular prosthetics. Creation of bypass routes or replacement of part of the vessel when it is completely blocked.
Clipping of aneurysms. In case of bleeding from an aneurysm, urgent surgical intervention is indicated, which allows the application of a clip to deprive the expanded portion of the vessel of blood flow. For the same purpose, intravascular embolization of the aneurysm is performed by introducing a balloon or spiral.

Most diseases of the carotid artery are somehow associated with atherosclerosis. Measures of its prevention are familiar, and they should be applied to maintain a good quality of life until a ripe old age.

Knowing where the carotid artery is located can help in an emergency and even save a human life. The fact is that the pulse is well felt on the carotid artery, and if it is absent, artificial respiration will be required.

The role of the vessel

Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to the organs. Their difference from veins is in the reverse process, that is, the veins supply blood to the heart.

The common carotid artery transports blood from the heart muscle to the brain and other peripheral organs of the human head. The artery is wide enough. This is due to the need to transport sufficient oxygen levels to enrich the brain tissue and to have a stable but intense blood flow.

The carotid artery is quite "gentle". Squeezing it can lead to a sudden loss of consciousness. Those who have ever worn a tightly tightened tie or sweater with a high and narrow collar have noticed a peculiar feeling of discomfort. Such unpleasant sensations are caused by the compression of the carotid artery.

Before answering the question about the location of the carotid artery, you need to make a reservation that there are two of them. One is on the right side of the neck and the other is on the left. The artery that runs along the left side is slightly longer than the artery that runs along the right, since the first originates at the brachiocephalic trunk, and the second in the aortic arch.

To feel the pulse of the carotid artery in the neck, you need to find a point under the cheekbone in the fossa, on the right or left side of the Adam's apple. In people with highly developed muscles, detecting the pulse in this way may take a little longer than in an ordinary person, since the artery can be closed by muscles.

Determining the presence of a pulse on the neck is considered optimal in a critical situation. The fact is that not all people have a pulsation on the wrist.

External carotid artery

The carotid artery in humans consists of several parts and therefore is considered a paired organ. Normal blood flow for the brain is 55 ml / 100 g of tissue, and the oxygen demand is 3.7 ml / min / 100 g. This volume of blood supply is provided by normal arteries with normal intima and intact vascular lumen. The external artery is located above the larynx towards the front of the head and is its anterior component.

In the place where the Adam's apple is located, or "Adam's apple", the carotid artery is divided into 2 branches. One goes to the back of the head, and the other to the front. The one at the back supplies the brain with blood. The second part that goes to the front is the supplier of blood to the eyes and face. Both parts branch and pass through all the tissues in the head area, saturating them with blood, and blood with oxygen.

The external carotid artery itself is divided into 4 components. It consists of the following departments:

front;
rear;
medial;
end branches.

The terminal branches, as they decrease towards the edges, form a large network of capillaries, which spread into the oral cavity and into the eyeballs. Anyone can make sure that there are capillaries. In the moment of embarrassment, stressful situation, laughter or in hot weather, the face turns red. This redness of the face is a consequence of the work of blood vessels. In some people, this process is observed less pronounced, unlike others. The reason for this may be the color of the skin, the thickness of the fat layer and other features of the epidermis.

Internal carotid artery

The internal carotid artery is the posterior part of the main artery. Its main task is to deliver blood to the brain, which will enrich the cells with oxygen, which is necessary for the normal functioning of the latter. Rising up the neck, the artery enters the skull in the temple area.

Under the influence of external stimuli, such as those listed earlier (stress, hot weather, etc.), blood flow increases in the internal carotid artery. With a short preservation of this state, a person experiences a surge of strength and emotional uplift. In the case when the intensity of blood circulation is kept above the norm for a long time, the opposite process begins. This condition is explained by an excess of oxygen in the brain. It should be understood that insufficient oxygen intake, as well as its excess intake, are equally harmful to humans.

The internal carotid artery is divided into the following parts:

cervical;
stony;
cavernous;
cerebral.

Lateral to it is the internal jugular vein, v. jugularis interna. On its way to the base of the skull, the internal carotid artery passes along the lateral side of the pharynx (cervical part, pars cervicalis) medially from the parotid gland, separated from it by the stylohyoid and stylopharyngeal muscles.

The internal carotid artery is subdivided into several smaller arteries, which are also divided into even smaller ones, and so on. Thus, a large and complex blood line arises, which provides the brain cells with oxygen.

In the cranial cavity from the cerebral part of the internal carotid artery, small branches branch off to the pituitary gland: the superior pituitary artery (a. Hypophysialis superior) and the clivus branch (r. Clivi), which supplies the dura mater of the brain in this area.

Danger of crushing

Due to the fact that the carotid artery performs one of the most important functions in the body, its damage is dangerous to health. Bleeding from it can lead to death in 2.5-3 minutes, if it is not stopped in time and the victim is not taken to an appropriate medical institution, where he will be provided with professional medical care. It should be understood that even doctors cannot always help with such serious injuries.

Since oxygen is delivered to the brain through the artery, it is easy to guess what will happen if you press the carotid artery. The person will feel sleepy, which is a symptom of oxygen starvation.

Longer pressing on the carotid artery can put the person to sleep.

The duration of the loss of consciousness will depend on the time of the squeeze. You cannot press hard and hold your fingers on your neck for a long time. Due to the fact that the supply of oxygen to the brain stops, a person may remain disabled or not survive at all. Therefore, if it becomes necessary to check the pulse on the neck, light pressure is carried out with the index and middle fingers. To find and determine the presence of a pulse, you can use any finger other than the thumb, since it has its own pulse.

If it is necessary not only to check the presence of a pulse, but also to count the number of beats, then the measurement technique must be carried out correctly, depending on the side of the neck on which the data measurement process will take place. Measurement on the right side should be done with the right hand. If you measure the pulse of the left, then you can immediately squeeze the 2nd artery, which will affect the results.

The carotid arteries in the neck are among those that can be fatal if damaged. For this reason, testing whether a person will lose consciousness if an artery in the neck is transmitted, or not, is strongly discouraged.

This dangerous game is found among children and adolescents; have been doing it at least since the beginning of the 20th century. Unlike sexual asphyxia, choke play is not intended to be sexually aroused.

Anatomically, the anterior cervical triangle contains the main carotid triangle. Pressure can be applied from either side. The anterior cervical triangle is a triangle bounded by the sternocleidomastoid muscle (a large protruding muscle on the anterolateral surface of the neck), the lower jaw from above, and a line drawn from the center of the chin to the interclavicular fossa. In the anterior cervical triangle, there are three smaller triangles:

triangle under the lower jaw (it is separated by the digastric muscle of the jaw)

major carotid triangle

subordinate carotid (muscular) triangle.

from a lack of oxygen to the brain when one or both carotid arteries and the airway are squeezed) All together

There is also a small artery in the spinal column. It is really difficult to transfer all arteries with the elbow.

Brachycardia and hypotension are sometimes observed, sometimes tachycardia and hypertension. It all depends on the sensitivity of the carotid sinus and the point of application of pressure.

The volume of blood flowing to the brain decreases, but after the cessation of strangulation, it is restored on average in 5 seconds.

The peripheral circulatory system also reacts: dilation of blood vessels in the muscles and contraction of vessels in the skin. During shock and loss of consciousness, along with vasodilation, brachycardia and hypotension are also observed.

Asphyxiation causes stress by affecting the fluid exchange systems, the pituitary gland, causing an adrenaline rush:

The volume of blood flowing to the brain decreases and the content of proteins in plasma increases. This is due to an increase in the capacity of the blood vessels. In this, the result of strangulation is similar to that of an electric shock.

The albumin / globulin ratio remains unchanged.

The content of eosinophils temporarily increases. After the strangulation is stopped, their number decreases to normal in about 4 hours.

17-ketosteroids in urine: within 2 hours after suffocation, their number increases, and then decreases to normal levels within 6-8 hours.

Electroencephalography shows that seizures that appear when unconscious are very similar to epilepsy. However, no destructive phenomena were found. Therefore, strangulation is considered safer than boxing knockout.

conclusions

The picture is colorful! In fact, this is what happens. This speaks only of one thing - about the manifestation of a state of shock, into which the brain is plunged due to hypoxia.

Please note that this happens among the overwhelming majority of the experimenters (I use the terminology of the authors of the article)!

And right there, the authors of the article write about the localization of seizures emanating from parts of the brain, without specifying which ones. If doctors pointed to these areas, it would be possible to determine in which of the arterial basins such changes in the state of the body occur.

Involuntarily, the question arises: and the doctors themselves know about the localization of zones that affect a person's motor activity, on his autonomic reactions. If they knew, then we would no longer be talking about the external carotid artery. I got the impression that they mixed something up with something.

The blanching of the skin and the dilation of the pupils, the occurrence of which the authors point out, once again confirm the presence of a collision of two processes: inhibition and arousal, so characteristic of stress. I have not added anything "from myself" here. This is a classic of neurology, which is impossible not to know.

“In a minute, when the patient fully regained consciousness, the REG study was performed again. According to our specialists, in 49 patients the amplitude of the pulse blood filling immediately increased to 30-40% of the initial level in the area with a decrease in it, the interhemispheric asymmetry of the blood filling of the cerebral vessels was leveled, and their tone increased.

And one more important detail. In experiments with hypoxia, there is no so-called "control" group of patients who did everything except hypoxia. Without this, the information provided “falls short” of scientific justification.

The fact that REG changes were noted immediately after the procedure indicates only the reaction of the body to the amount of exposure, and not that the cause of the pathology of the cerebral vessels was eliminated.

An analogous example is the appointment of highly acting diuretics, the result of which is most often the opposite effect, in the form of blocking the excretory function of the kidneys, while small doses always give the necessary diuretic effect.

There is nothing surprising in the occurrence of a transient (rapidly passing) reaction of blood vessels and the brain itself to stress. However, the reader, probably, drew attention to the fact that each patient underwent preparatory measures in the form of "manual processing", medications were used to lower blood pressure. The authors point to insignificant dosages of the drugs they prescribe, forgetting that it is precisely such small doses that often have a stronger effect than standard ones.

“Surprisingly, the occurrence of procedure dependence syndrome was observed in all of the patients studied. They waited impatiently for the treatment, insisting on more frequent treatment. ”

I recall the description of the "fun" performed in the cadet corps, when, with the consent of all parties, four guys, holding one, pressed a pillow over his face. The lack of air led to cerebral hypoxia (complete) and convulsions, during which all the sphincters in the volunteer's body opened up, and orgasm occurred. Seeing the release of semen, the guys began to assist in restoring breathing to the subject. Apparently, the acuity of sensations, the dying rush of adrenaline and other emotions made young people want to repeat the grotesque procedure again and again.

Naturally, when it comes to such emotional manifestations as not being addicted, especially for those people who are not satisfied or deprived of life.

Dependence on hypoxia is explained by the fact that the brain, being an endocrine gland, releases a number of hormones into the bloodstream that can cause a whole range of sensations, including joy, pleasure, euphoria, sexual emotions, etc. can cause the release of large amounts of hormones.

COMMENTS: And in our case, everything goes by mutual agreement, but with slightly reduced sensations. Or maybe experimenters like to induce addiction in patients? I know of a sufficient number of examples when induced addiction, bordering on the complete subordination of the consciousness of the patients seeking help, was a very pleasant sense of life for some kind of experimenters.

However, everything would be fine if it only concerned this emotional affect, because not everyone has this dependence. Everything is much more serious.

I got caught myself, though not to "pass out", but I do not remember how. Standing up for 30 seconds was knocked down. well there was a little time left until the end of the fight and I was leading, it was hard to fight normally. 8-0

I did it myself once, on a dare, (I am a sambist) one judder did not believe that I would “strangle” him - he switched off in a split second.

The most unpleasant thing is that it is in the carotid artery that cholesterol plaques are mainly deposited, which, with a long accumulation process, lead to atherosclerosis. This process can be compared to the adhesion of dirt to the inner walls of water pipes. What quality will the water flow in them and how much will its flow narrow? Blood is not water, but biological material, the slightest impact on which can lead to a catastrophe of the whole organism. First of all, smokers and drinkers, those who like to spend all their free time on the couch, oversized people who do not want to fight obesity, diabetics, all those who have a hereditary predisposition to atherosclerosis, as well as nervous people are at risk.

With a hangover, the heart rate increases and atrial fibrillation may occur.

Sleeping all night on the shoulder of a loved one is dangerous to his health.

In Pervouralsk, as the investigative committee assured us, there were never any deaths from such games on the brink.

But this situation is very serious, - said the employees in a telephone conversation. “This is a very dangerous mischief.

Therefore, advice to parents - if you find out that this is the case - inform the police. The department for work with minors of the city OMVD will definitely take preventive measures. It's not worth joking with this.

SHEIA.RU

The Sleepy Artery: Where It Is And What Will It Go To If You Press

What happens when the carotid artery is pinched

About 70% of the blood supplying the brain is transported by the carotid arteries. It is not in vain that these vessels, important for vital activity, are called sleepy - if you squeeze them for at least 10 seconds, a person will really "fall asleep". What is the carotid artery, where is it located, what will happen if you press?

Where is

The carotid artery is a paired vessel. Departing from the thoracic aorta, it immediately diverges into 2 separate arteries. One runs along the left side of the neck, the second along the right. In the area of \u200b\u200bthe larynx, or rather the Adam's apple, each of the arteries is divided into 2 more branches - internal and external. The latter can be felt by placing the pads of the fingers on the neck.

The inner branch runs along the temple and keeps its way to the brain, since its main task is to supply it with blood. In the temporal region, the internal artery enters the skull. There it is divided into a network of smaller vessels, they into one more, those into one more. This is how the most complex blood line is formed, which supplies blood to all brain cells.

The outer one goes forward, making a slight bend along the chin and rushing upward, delivering blood to the eyes and face. Its terminal branches form a huge and extensive network of capillaries heading to the mouth and eyeballs. It is thanks to them that in the heat or while running, a blush appears on a person's face.

Thus, the carotid artery passes through all the tissues in the head area, saturates them with arterial blood coming from the heart, and the blood saturates them with the oxygen necessary for all functions.

How to probe

Any 2 fingers, except the thumb, can be used to probe the external branch of the carotid artery. Since he has his own pulse. The index and middle fingers are most sensitive.

The pressure is carried out in the region of the cavity located between the larynx and the large muscle of the neck - the anterolateral. How do I find her? Initially, the fingers should be located under the lower jaw (left or right), right in the center between the ear and chin, and then lower them by 2 cm. The recessed area located there allows you to feel the pulse.

Feeling your pulse in this way is an important skill. Since not all people have wrist pulsation pronounced enough. By clicking on the carotid artery, you can measure the pulse. But it will take time, won't it harm the person? Depends on how to do it. Here's what will happen: if you press the carotid artery too hard, the person will lose consciousness, if the pressure is soft, nothing bad will happen.

What will happen when clamping

If you remember the name of the blood vessel, the answer to the second frequently asked question will immediately appear, starting with the words, what will happen - if you pinch the carotid artery, a person will lose consciousness. Why is this happening?

The carotid artery is the main vessel that provides blood supply to the brain, which means oxygen and other important elements. If you squeeze it on one side of the neck, blood flow will be reduced. But the second artery will continue to function. However, this amount will not be enough, and the brain will go into economy mode. It will turn off its main and most expensive functions - the innervation of the body, as well as the perception of the senses.

The consequences of clamping an artery can be different, depending on how you do it. If you squeeze it for no more than a minute, the person will simply lose consciousness. But after 5 minutes or earlier, he will wake up, since blood circulation will be restored.

But risking and pinching an artery for more than one minute is dangerous, since with a prolonged lack of oxygen, brain cells will begin to die, and irreversible degenerative processes will begin.

How to stop bleeding

In some cases, clamping the carotid artery can save a person's life. When bleeding from it, death occurs in just 2-3 minutes. By pinching the damaged vessel, this short time can be prolonged. However, the clamping technique is not easy, and unskilled actions can aggravate the situation and lead to death.

It is recommended to clamp the artery with a bandage or gauze bandage, applying them in the fossa in which the pulse is felt, and pressing it with your hand. With more qualified assistance, a tourniquet technique is used. A hand is used as a splint, located on the side opposite to the injury. It is lifted up and bent so that the forearm rests on the vault of the skull and the shoulder rests against the ear.

A tourniquet is applied around the neck and the opposite limb. The involved hand will prevent squeezing of the whole artery located on the side opposite to the wound. A tourniquet placed in this manner can reduce bleeding. But you should know that even the most experienced doctor is not always able to save a person with such a wound.

Where can it come in handy

The technique of pressing on a vessel that supplies blood to the brain is used in many types of martial arts. When in this way the enemy is deprived of consciousness. To put a person to sleep is enough for 10 seconds and equal to the weight of five kilograms of force, he will wake up in just a quarter of a minute.

This technique is not life-threatening, as the brain continues to feed the second artery. However, you should not joke with your health. If both vessels are accidentally pinched, the consequences of oxygen starvation of the brain will be dire and irreversible. And you can completely deprive a person of life.

Now you know where the carotid artery is located and what will happen if you press it. Do not forget that this is a very important and extremely delicate organ. In no case should you squeeze it out of interest, such a stupid act can cause death or disability!

What happens if the carotid artery is compressed?

The carotid arteries provide most of the oxygen demand of the brain. Overlapping (short-term) of one of them does not completely bleed the brain, since there are also vertebral arteries and another carotid artery, and the network of intracranial vessels still partially provides the brain's need for blood supply. However, if the vertebral arteries are pinched (this is often the case with diseases of the spine), and contralateral blood flow can be blocked by atherosclerosis. In this case, clamping one carotid artery can almost immediately lead to a massive stroke.

In addition, in the place where the common carotid artery branches into the external and internal, one of the most important receptors that provide homeostasis of the body is located - the carotid sinus. Pressing on it causes a reflex decrease in blood pressure and a decline in the activity of the heart - up to its complete stop, which leads to almost instant death. In the best case, the person will lose consciousness.

How to act to occlude the carotid artery

The carotid artery is one of the most important blood channels that feeds the brain, the organs of vision and some other intracranial structures.

It branches off from the thoracic aorta and runs to the neck, where it divides into two separate vessels (right and left). In the area of \u200b\u200bthe larynx, the artery is divided into internal and external. It is the latter that is well felt on the lateral surfaces of the neck and, with the help of its palpation, the pulse rate is determined. Also, in some cases, by pressing on the vessel, it is possible to stop the blood loss for a short time during wounds and injuries. Therefore, each person should know how to clamp the carotid artery in order to provide first aid to victims if necessary.

Vessel location

First, let's figure out how to feel the carotid artery. To do this, use the index and middle fingers, which are most sensitive to vascular pulsation. The palpation area is a depression located between the anterolateral muscle and the larynx. To determine the pulse, you need to place your fingers under the lower jaw, namely in the area between the earlobe and the chin, dropping down about 2 cm. In the fossa near the windpipe, you can feel the pulsation.

Stopping bleeding

In case of injury or trauma, where there is damage to the blood vessels in the neck and external arterial bleeding, it is important to know how to clamp the carotid artery. This should be done quickly and at the same time very carefully, since strong pressure can cause even more harm to the victim. Of course, such measures rarely save the life of the wounded, and most often death occurs in the first minutes after injury to an artery in the neck. In addition, unskilled first aid in such situations can be fatal.

When bleeding from the carotid artery, it is recommended to squeeze it using bandages or a gauze bandage folded several times. You need to apply the fabric on the area where the pulse is usually probed, pressing down from above with your hand. A more qualified approach to first aid involves the application of a tourniquet. The victim's hand, which is opposite to the side of the wound, must be raised, bent and placed with the forearm on the vault of the skull. Then place a tourniquet around the neck and the affected upper limb. With the right action, the shoulder, which acts as a splint, should touch the ear. Thus, the hand will prevent strangulation and squeezing of intact vessels from the opposite side of the neck.

Important: you must not put strong pressure on the carotid artery, since as a result of this, blood pressure will increase, the heartbeat will slow down and the person will lose consciousness.

Artificially induced hypoxia

In what cases still the question arises of how to clamp the carotid artery? In some types of martial arts, a strangulation technique is used, when the enemy is deprived of consciousness by pressing on the vessels that feed the brain. For a person to faint, it is enough to put pressure on the carotid artery, equal to a weight of 5 kg. If the technique is performed correctly, loss of consciousness occurs in about 10 seconds. The enemy can recover within a quarter of a minute. The choke hold, as such, does not pose a mortal threat. This is because oxygen and nutrients continue to flow to the brain through the second carotid and vertebral arteries. Moreover, this method of protection can save lives in a dangerous situation. So, knowing how to pinch the carotid artery, a relatively weak woman is able to immobilize even a large and strong man.

If you squeeze both carotid vessels on the right and left sides of the neck, then this can lead to serious consequences. At the same time, the oxygen tension to the cells of the organs of the head falls below the critical value, metabolic and physiological processes are disrupted. A complete shutdown of the blood supply to the brain provokes irreversible changes that can cause death.

What happens if the carotid artery is clamped?

If you squeeze for a while, then nothing will happen. Only dizziness, fog in the eyes, and a rise in blood pressure are possible. As already mentioned, there are two carotid arteries. Besides them, there are vertebrates. And all together they form the circle of Willis. If one of the sources is blocked, then the load will be distributed to the rest.

But if you squeeze both at once, then the pressure, on the contrary, will drop, and you can feel a slight euphoria. But just don't try too hard, it's deadly.

What happens to a person if the carotid artery is pressed?

If you press the carotid artery, people. will die?

if you press the tourniquet, yes on the neck, yes If you press it, it doesn’t die, it will lose consciousness. But if you damage it, so that the blood flows, then the end, and very quickly. The point is in the professionalism of the pressing and the pressing time ... \\ Dog's buzz \\ Your friend will load you on the most nebolui :)))))))))))))))))) depending on what and how He will lose consciousness. To die, you need to hold for 5-10 minutes. If you need to die for sure, it's better to cut it! press yourself and then you will say what happened if you don’t die)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) Because of this, I got a head injury! I have a 15-year-old child, this all terrible thing happened right before my eyes. I tied a small piece of rope and began to stretch it. I say take it away. I turn away to put the products out of the bag, it happened in the kitchen. I hear a knock. I turn the child lies on the table. With fright I scream what happened what. And then he begins to convulse his legs and arms and head on the table. Then he gets up and nothing.

The human circulatory system is a complex mechanism, consisting of a four-chamber muscle pump and many channels. The vessels that supply the organs with blood are called arteries. These include the common carotid artery, which transports blood from the heart to the brain. The normal functioning of the body is impossible without effective circulation of blood flow, since it carries the most important trace elements and oxygen.

What is the carotid artery

As already mentioned, this type of artery is a vessel for nourishing the head and neck. The sleepy vein has a wide shape, which is necessary to carry a large amount of oxygen, creating an intense and continuous blood flow. Thanks to the arteries, the tissues of the brain, visual apparatus, face and other peripheral organs are enriched, due to which their work occurs.

Where is

The role of the vessel

The carotid artery is quite "gentle". Squeezing it can lead to a sudden loss of consciousness. Those who.

What happens if you press the carotid artery

Many names for parts of the human body are given in connection with certain signs and properties. For example, the temporal bone of the skull is called ostistemporalis, that is, in translation from Latin, the bone of time.

Where did this name come from? It is on the site of this bone, where the temples are located, that a person has the first gray hair, which indicates time and temporality in general. Thus, this name appeared.

It is not difficult to draw a definite connection between the name of the carotid artery and the property that this part of the human body has. If you think about what will happen if you press the carotid artery, then the following thought appears: the person will fall asleep and the thought is quite correct. Indeed, if you squeeze the large arteries that are located on the lateral parts of the neck, then drowsiness will appear, and then the loss of consciousness.

What is the reason for this phenomenon? The blood supply to the brain is mainly.

Common carotid artery; Right and left; Indoor and outdoor.

Attention! With a strong and prolonged mechanical effect on the sleepy.

Talking about where the carotid artery is.

ARTIFICIALLY INDUCED HYPOXIA \u003d VOLUNTARY CHOKING ?!

ATTENTION, THE METHOD OF ARTIFICIAL HYPOXIA CAN BE DANGEROUS!

Recently, I have often been asked about artificially induced hypoxia, its effects and the possibility of using it.

The general topic of hypoxia, that is, the temporary limitation of oxygen supply to tissues, is not new. People have been using the effects of artificially induced hypoxia for a long time. For example, yogis use it in meditation to reduce the activity of tissue respiration and slow down biochemical reactions. They achieve hypoxia by volitional effort, reducing the depth and frequency of respiratory excursions to the sensations they need, as well as slowing down the frequency and strength of heart contractions, while the brain of yogis begins to work in a state of altered consciousness, where various kinds of hallucinations are possible. Being in captivity of these illusions, yoga, as a rule, live outside of society: outside of work, outside the family, outside of society.

A guide for personal trainers: science and practice.

The easiest way to measure the pulse is to palpate it immediately after the cessation of physical activity (during some exercises, for example, when running or walking, the pulse is difficult to determine, although it is possible).

The technique is as follows: You touch the artery with your hand and count the number of pulsations. The easiest way to feel the pulse is on the carotid artery, located on the front of the neck on both sides, and the radial artery on the hand (you need to put your index finger on the hand). In addition, the pulse can be easily determined by placing the base of the palm on the left side of the chest at the top of the heart. Note that there are times when a person's pulse is not felt anywhere. In this case, use a heart rate monitor.

Most often, the pulse is determined on the hand, since this place is most accessible. When you put your finger on the radial artery, the pulse does not drop, as it does when you touch it.

They look for the carotid artery primarily in order to determine the pulse. The pulse is central and peripheral. What people usually feel on the wrist is the peripheral pulse. If a person has low blood pressure, it may not be felt. That is why the information on some blood pressure monitors that are worn on the forearm is so distorted. And on the carotid and femoral arteries, the pulse is central. From it you will always determine the heartbeat more accurately.

It is difficult for a non-specialist to correctly find the carotid artery and pulse, because it is worse felt than on the wrist, and unqualified.

There is an artery in our body that supplies blood from the heart to our brain. She is called sleepy, because if you press hard on her, then the person loses consciousness, as if suddenly falling asleep suddenly. The carotid artery divides into left and right and can be found fairly easily along the sides of the neck.

If there is a rupture of the carotid artery, then little can be helped to a person - this is practically a fatal phenomenon. Heavy bleeding begins, which is very difficult to stop. A rupture can occur in road accidents, when an object is struck to the neck, during medical procedures, and even as a result of careless rapid movement of the neck. Therefore, it is extremely risky and dangerous to carry out any manipulations with this part of our body.

Symptoms

In addition to the obvious rupture, accompanied by bleeding, gradual excision of the artery is possible - the walls stretch, become weak and thin, and blood flow is disturbed. As a result, it can.

Arteries are vessels that a person needs to transport blood from the heart to all organs and various tissues of a person. Do not confuse them with veins, because blood flows through the veins in the opposite direction towards the heart. There is the concept of "common carotid artery", and in addition, they also speak of the left and right common carotid artery, external and internal.

Therefore, to understand where the carotid artery is located, it is necessary to understand these concepts.

Where is the carotid artery located?

The common carotid artery is paired and originates in the ventral aorta in the chest cavity. That is, it runs from heart to neck. The function of the carotid artery is to supply blood to the brain as well as the eyes of most of the head. It is in it that plaques can appear, which are called atherosclerosis. It turns out that narrowing or blockage of its vessels can lead to impaired blood circulation and even stroke. The carotid artery divides into two branches. The right carotid artery extends from the brachiocephalic trunk.

Description:

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Even as a child, from detective books and action films, we learned that there is such a carotid artery on a person's neck, which, by chopping with a palm or squeezing it with a chokehold, the hero or villain “knocks out” his victim. At a more mature age, we learn to find and measure the pulse on this very artery. And already closer to old age, we find that the carotid arteries are susceptible to serious diseases leading to a stroke. As you can see, there are more than enough reasons to get to know this important organ better.

Arteries are the vessels through which the heart pumps blood to all internal organs and tissues of the human body. This is their difference from veins, which are channels for transporting blood in the opposite direction - to the heart. Since our brain constantly needs large amounts of oxygen, a lot of blood is supplied to it, which flows through two carotid and two vertebral arteries, and the bulk of it falls on the carotid arteries. Hence the effect due to which and.

Functions and location of the carotid artery in humans

Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to the organs. Their difference from veins is in the reverse process, that is, the veins supply blood to the heart.

Determining the presence of a pulse on the neck is considered optimal in a critical situation. The fact is that not all people have a pulsation on the wrist.

Where is the carotid artery located?

Not sure where the carotid artery is? This is worth knowing - after all, it is on it that the pulse is best felt, which can be useful to you in many situations.

The carotid artery, or how to call it more correctly - the common carotid artery (arteria carotis communis), carries blood from the heart to the brain and peripheral organs of the human head. It is quite wide in diameter, since for the normal supply of oxygen to the nerve cells of the brain tissue, the blood flow must be intense and stable. You may have noticed how uncomfortable it becomes if the tie is too tight, or if the neck of the sweater tightly wraps around the neck - the unpleasant sensations are caused precisely by the fact that the carotid arteries are slightly squeezed. If you transmit them more strongly, as happens with suffocation, the person loses consciousness. From the outside it looks like you suddenly fell asleep - hence the colloquial name arteria carotis communis.

Speaking about where the carotid artery is, the first step is to clarify - a person has two of them: one runs on the left along the neck, the other on the right. The first is longer than the second, since they originate in different places: at the brachiocephalic trunk and in the aortic arch, respectively. On both sides of the throat of the carotid artery, the pulse is well felt. Find the point under the cheekbone or in the hole on the side of the Adam's apple where the vein beats, and count the blows. For many people, the pulse is almost inaudible on the wrist, while it is almost always easily detected on the throat. An exception - to find the pulse among the pumped muscles of the neck, you still need to get a handle.

Look for the carotid artery in yourself right now: this useful skill may someday allow you to save a wounded person - recognizing a heartbeat, you can confidently conclude that it is not too late to help the unfortunate person.

External carotid artery

At the level of the Adam's apple, the carotid artery bifurcates - one part of it goes back to carry oxygen to the brain, the other feeds the eyes and face of a person with blood. In the area of \u200b\u200bthe head, both parts branch, penetrating organs and tissues.

The external carotid artery consists of four sections: anterior, posterior, medial and a group of terminal branches. The latter, pardon the tautology, branch out, thinning out. The most distant capillaries are very narrow in diameter - they form the thinnest mesh on the skin of the face, the oral mucosa and in the eyeballs. For example, when you are embarrassed, these tiny blood vessels are intensely filled with blood, and your face turns red. The same happens with stress or an increase in ambient temperature.

Internal carotid artery

The internal carotid artery is a posterior branch of the common carotid artery. Its function is to supply blood to the brain, and therefore, in the region of the temple, it enters the skull.

With the above external factors, blood flow also increases in the internal carotid artery, which supplies oxygen to the brain. If the impact is short-lived, you feel an emotional upsurge, a surge of vivacity, but when the intensity of blood circulation is above normal for a long time, the opposite effect occurs. Think of a walk around the city in the summer heat or bath procedures: the longer you are in the heat, the worse you feel. This is due to the fact that the cells of the brain are oversaturated with oxygen. An overabundance of something is no less harmful than a lack.

The internal carotid artery is a large blood line, which is divided into several smaller ones, which in turn also branch and become thinner. Every cell of the brain must receive oxygen - just imagine the complexity and extent of this system ...

Caution - carotid artery!

Let's go back to what was already mentioned at the beginning of this article. With a slight compression of the carotid artery, a person feels mild symptoms of oxygen starvation, with more intense and prolonged ones, he loses consciousness. If you continue to press further, this leads to death. Therefore, taking the enemy by the throat, just fooling around or in a fight, is highly discouraged. In general, any attack on the throat is potentially fatal, this must be remembered. Special forces, for example, are taught to hit the carotid artery, thus cutting down the enemy with one blow. But if the reader is a civilian and generally law-abiding person, you should not try to repeat this trick on the streets. Even for self-defense. At best, you simply won't succeed. At worst, you will have to painfully contemplate what to do with the corpse and for what money to hire a lawyer. There are more humane ways to protect yourself. You can read about them in another article of mine.

Teens are looking for vivid emotions in the "dog buzz"

How did we know? A happy child comes and happily asks: “Mom, do you know what a“ dog buzz ”is? - Irina Stepanova, together with her daughter Liza, decided to talk about this dangerous hobby of adolescents on condition of anonymity, so their names have been changed. They sit opposite each other, Lisa fiddles with the hem of her T-shirt and smiles shyly, glancing at her mother from time to time.

Hearing the question from her daughter's lips, Irina understood everything at once and felt the tension.

One of the plots of the "Battle of Psychics" program was devoted to the investigation of the death of a boy who first dabbled in "dog fun" with friends at school, and then decided to try it himself, being alone at home. I could not remove the stranglehold in time. Choked. Therefore, my first thought was - how bad it could all end ...

Dear Northerner! When suffocating with pinching of the carotid arteries, a person falls asleep, suffocates faster and more aesthetically than simply with the shutdown of oxygen transport. There it is longer and the person emanates foam, in general an unpleasant sight. He choked himself and choked me. When they strangle you, you try to resist until a certain moment, then unnoticeably you lose consciousness, so this is an insidious thing. It usually takes a few seconds in time, but sometimes they do it as if with a blow, and then it can happen almost instantly, I also saw instant suffocation with brushes performed by a person with very strong brushes.

Dear Big Brother! Hi Lyokha. Sorry to add.

External carotid artery

The external carotid artery is the anterior part of the common carotid artery. Above the larynx, it branches along the front of the head.

In both mechanisms, the victim may experience fleeting hallucinations or dreams and regain consciousness with short-term memory loss and involuntary arm and / or leg movements. The normal state usually occurs within a few seconds, but these activities can cause permanent brain injury or even death, especially when played alone with a stranglehold.

shock, a reflex response of the body to squeezing the receptors of the carotid sinus.

Congestion of blood to the head due to abnormal blood pressure in the carotid artery and jugular vein.

yeah harness on the neck, norm advice 😀

Strangulation from a position lateral grip on the neck

Chokes from a side grip on the neck are similar to chokes from a top position. Strangulation is performed with the edge of the palm, forearm, or knuckles.

To facilitate strangulation and eliminate the opponent's resistance, it makes sense to grab the opponent's free hand with your feet and then calmly choke him.

Strangulation from the opponent's back

In both positions, when grasping the opponent's neck with his hands from the side of his back, one can usually very easily complete the fight with one of two choke options: strangulation with the forearm with palm-to-palm grip (top photo); and strangulation by the bend of the elbow with a grip on the knot (bottom photo).

In this case, the mutual position of the opponents is not important, i.e. either of these grips can be made from either of these two positions.

In both positions, you can do the sleeve strangulation already described above.

Attention! As usual, sleeve strangulation is very harsh and should be applied carefully.

Strangulation with a guillotine grip

Extremely unpleasant and strong suffocation occurs when the enemy is captured by the guillotine. In this grip, it is necessary, as it were, to stretch the opponent's neck towards you, pushing his body away with your legs and holding his head in your armpit.

Here, as they say, comments are superfluous, but I would like to ask: what kind of resuscitation means should a person have if, God forbid, he decides to carry out this technique? And if there is no such EXPERIENCED NEUROLOGIST nearby? What to do in cases when there is a neurologist, but he is not competent in the vascular pathology of the brain?

Personally, I resolutely refuse such an effect on the vessels of a sick (!) Person.

The diagram below shows this formidable danger, which doctors warn about - occlusion of the internal carotid artery at the site of bifurcation (bifurcation).

You can see what the Doppler researchers see - the formation of vascular plaque on the internal carotid artery, which reduces the vessel's lumen.

However, the doctors kept silent not only about this, but also about some other things that they themselves should have known about and pointed out in their article. For example, the so-called hypersensitive carotid sinus syndrome. By pressing on this sinus, negative symptoms similar to those described in the article can be induced.

There are also a number of reasons that cause vertebro-basilar insufficiency:

Damage to the vertebral artery from its pathological tortuosity or from deformation as a result of atherosclerotic lesions of the arterial walls.

Dissection of the walls of the vertebral artery as a result of neck trauma and even from gross medical manipulations during manual therapy.

Anomalies in the cervical spine, in the form of an additional cervical rib.

Impact 1) - death or injury incompatible with life.

I wish you new creative success.

Severyanin's question concerned, of course, the 4th structure, plexus caroticus, which is located in the Hering zone

Dear Nemir! The impact occurs due to the reflex spasm of both arteries l and n with a sharp correct impact. And St. cl. mfstoideys. very reliably covers the carotid. During the time of the ODH, the guys with the VOKU them. Kirov. d Leningrad with bruises on the neck but I don’t remember what to turn off someone with a blow in a fight. On training, personally, yes, it’s two minutes. aim and then try with consent. THOSE. there is a reflex spasm but how to get there.

Where is the carotid artery and what functions it performs

The carotid artery (arteria carotis communis) is a large paired vessel, the main function of which is to supply blood to most of the head, brain and eyes.

There are several definitions:

Common carotid artery;
Right and left;
Indoor and outdoor.

From this publication you will find out how many carotid arteries a person actually has and what functions each of them performs. But first, let's find out where this unusual name came from - the carotid artery.

Carotid artery: why is it called so?

Pressure on the carotid artery is perceived by its receptors (end formations of afferent nerve fibers) as an increase in pressure and begin to actively work to lower it. A person's heart rate slows down, because of the compression of blood vessels, oxygen deprivation begins, which causes drowsiness. It is because of this property that the carotid artery got its name.

Attention! With a strong and prolonged mechanical effect on the carotid artery, a loss of consciousness and even death can occur. Do not try for the sake of idle curiosity to check what will happen if you press the carotid artery. Carelessness can lead to irreversible consequences!

But still, everyone should know the location of the carotid artery: it may be needed to help the victim.

How to find the carotid artery?

Most often, the pulse is measured by the arm. But if the artery of the injured person is poorly felt, then the heart rate is measured by the carotid artery in the neck.

Which side to measure?

Better to do this with your right hand on the right side. When measuring the pulse with the left, you can squeeze two arteries at once, and then the result will be unreliable.

Lay the patient down or sit on a chair and let him lean on the back.
To determine where the carotid artery is located, place the middle and index fingers of the hand (they are the most sensitive to pulsation) on the cavity between the larynx and the anterolateral muscle.
To determine the pulse, place your fingers under the lower jaw between the chin and the earlobe and go down 2 cm. The pulsation can be felt in the fossa near the windpipe. Control the strength of the impact, do not press hard.
When you hear a heartbeat, start measuring your heart rate with the stopwatch or second hand on your watch. Normal values \u200b\u200bshould be within bpm.

Carotid arteries: location and function

The common carotid or carotid artery is an artery that has two identical vessels:

On the right side (originates from the brachiocephalic trunk):
On the left side (from the aortic arch).

Both vessels have an identical anatomical structure and are directed vertically upward through the chest into the neck.

Above the upper edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, located near the trachea and esophagus, each vessel divides into the internal and external carotid arteries (the site of separation is called a bifurcation).

After branching, the internal artery forms a dilatation (carotid sinus), covered with multiple nerve endings and is the most important reflex zone. Massage of this area is recommended for patients with hypertension as a method of self-lowering blood pressure in crises.

What is the outer branch responsible for?

The key function of the external branch is to provide reverse blood flow to assist the vertebral branch and branches of the internal carotid artery when they narrow.

What organs feed the outer branches with blood:

Facial muscles;
Scalp;
Tooth roots;
Eyeballs;
Separate areas of the dura mater;
Thyroid gland.

Where is the internal branch of the carotid artery?

The internal branch enters the skull through an opening in the temporal bone with a diameter of 10 mm (intracranial location), forming a circle of Willis at the base of the brain, together with the vertebral vessels, the main source of cerebral blood supply. From it deep into the convolutions arteries depart towards the cortical centers, gray and white matter, nuclei of the medulla oblongata.

Segments of the internal carotid artery:

The cervical region located in the deep layers under the muscles;
The segment located inside the so-called. "Torn" holes;
The stony part inside the bone canal;
Cavernous area located between the leaves of the dura mater along the cavernous sinus and forming branches in the direction of the membranes and pituitary gland;
The wedge-shaped part is a small area of \u200b\u200bthe subarachnoid space of the brain;
The communicative segment, located at the branch point of the anterior and middle arteries heading to the medulla;
Ophthalmic or ocular area - runs parallel to the optic nerve, forms the ocular and pituitary arteries.

External branch of the carotid artery: diseases, symptoms

Unlike the internal carotid artery, the external one does not directly supply blood to the brain.

However, disruption of its normal operation can cause a number of pathologies, the treatment of which is carried out by surgical methods from the field of plastic, otolaryngological, maxillofacial and neurosurgery:

Facial and cervical hemangiomas;
Arteriovenous fistulas;
Angiodysplasia (vascular malformations).

These diseases can result from:

Facial trauma;
Postponed rhinoplastic and otolaryngological operations;
Unsuccessful procedures performed: tooth extraction, punctures, sinus washing, orbital injections;
Hypertension.

The pathophysiological manifestation of this pathology is an arteriovenous shunt, through the drainage paths of which arterial blood with high pressure is directed to the head. Such abnormalities are considered one of the causes of cerebral venous congestion.

According to various sources, angiodysplasias account for 5 to 14% of the total number of vascular diseases. These are benign formations (proliferation of epithelial cells), about 70% of which are localized in the face.

Cosmetic defects;
Profuse hemorrhages, poorly amenable to standard methods of stopping bleeding;
Throbbing pain in the head (mostly at night).

Severe bleeding during surgery can be fatal.

Possible pathologies of the carotid artery and internal trunk

Common diseases such as tuberculosis, atherosclerosis, fibromuscular dysplasia, syphilis can lead to pathological changes in the carotid artery that occur against the background of:

Inflammatory processes;
Growth of the inner shell;
Dissection in young patients (rupture of the inner arterial membrane with blood penetration into the space between the walls).

The result of dissection can be stenosis (narrowing) of the diameter of the artery, in which oxygen starvation of the brain occurs, tissue hypoxia develops. This condition can lead to ischemic stroke.

Other types of pathological changes caused by narrowing of the carotid artery:

Trifurcation;
Aneurysm;
Abnormal tortuosity of the internal carotid artery;
Thrombosis.

Trifurcation is the term for splitting an artery into three branches.

Anterior - division of the internal common carotid artery into the anterior, basilar, posterior;
Posterior - the connection of a branch of three cerebral arteries (posterior, middle, anterior).

Carotid aneurysm: what is it and what are the consequences

An aneurysm is an enlargement of an area of \u200b\u200ban artery with a local thinning of the wall. This disease can be congenital, or it can develop after prolonged inflammation, muscle atrophy and their replacement with thinned tissue. Concentrates in the area of \u200b\u200bintracranial segments of the internal carotid artery. A dangerous pathology that develops asymptomatically and can cause instant death.

Rupture of a thinned wall can occur if:

Neck and head injuries;
Physical or emotional stress;
A sharp increase in blood pressure.

The accumulation of excess blood in the subarachnoid space can cause tissue compression and cerebral edema. In this case, the patient's survival depends on the size of the hematoma and the promptness of medical care.

Carotid artery thrombosis

Thrombosis is one of the most common causes of cerebrovascular accident. It is worth dwelling on this disease, symptoms and methods of treatment in more detail.

Blood clots are formed mostly inside the carotid artery at the site of the bifurcation - the fork of the external and internal branches. It is in this area that the blood moves more slowly, which creates conditions for the deposition of platelets on the walls of blood vessels, their gluing, the appearance of fibrin threads.

Blood clots provoke:

High blood clotting;
Antiphospholipid syndrome;
Atrial fibrillation;
Heart defects;
Traumatic brain injury.

The clinical manifestations of thrombosis depend on:

The size of the thrombus and the rate of its formation;
Collateral states.

According to its course, carotid artery thrombosis can be:

The rapid (progressive) course of the disease with a thrombus growing in length and penetrating into the anterior and middle arteries of the brain is considered separately.

Thrombosis at the level of the common trunk is characterized by the following symptoms:

Complaints about tinnitus;
Short-term loss of consciousness;
Complaints of severe pain in the head and neck;
Weakness of the chewing muscles;
Visual impairment.

Insufficient blood supply to the eyes can cause:

Cataract;
Optic nerve atrophy;
Temporary blindness;
Decreased visual acuity during physical exertion;
The presence of pigment in the retina with concomitant atrophy.

With thrombosis of the internal carotid artery in the area before the entrance to the skull, patients experience:

Severe headaches;
Loss of sensitivity in the legs and arms;
Soreness of the scalp in the affected area;
Hallucinations, irritability;
Problems with speech up to dumbness (with left-sided lesion).

Symptoms of thrombosis of the intracranial area of \u200b\u200bthe carotid artery:

Disturbances of consciousness, a state of excessive agitation;
Headaches;
Vomiting;
Loss of sensitivity and immobilization of half of the body on the affected side.

Methods for diagnosing carotid artery thrombosis

Based on the patient's complaints, the doctor can only assume the presence of a thrombus, but for the final diagnosis, the results of instrumental studies are required, such as:

Electroencephalography;
Rheoencephalography;
Doppler ultrasound examination of the vessels of the head and neck;
MR-angiography (magnetic resonance angiography), including with the introduction of a contrast agent;
CT (computed tomography).

Treatment methods

Therapeutic methods for the treatment of thrombosis are effective only at the initial stages of their development, with a small size of the aneurysm.

Anticoagulant drugs - Fibrinolysin, Gepardin, Dikumarin, Sinkumar, Fenilin;
Thrombolytics - Fibronilosin, Plasmin, Urokinase, Streptodecase (effective only in the first stage).

To expand the channel and relieve spasm, novocaine blockade of sympathetic nodes or their removal is used.

Methods of surgical treatment of pathologies of the carotid artery

Excision of the arteriovenous shunt. In the surgical treatment of thrombosis of the external carotid artery, this technology is ineffective, since it is fraught with serious complications.
The method of stenting of the carotid arteries is to restore vascular patency by unrolling a stent (a thin metal mesh). The most widespread, well-proven technique.
Removal of a thrombosed or crimped area and replacing it with plastic material. The operation is associated with the risk of bleeding, a high likelihood of recurrence in the future (re-formation of a blood clot). For these reasons, the technique has not become widespread.
Creation of a new pathway for blood flow through an artificial shunt between the internal carotid and subclavian arteries.

Carotid artery operations are performed in specialized surgical departments. The choice of the method is determined by the attending physician, taking into account the condition, age, degree of damage to the carotid artery, damage to the patient's brain.

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Meaning, structure and function

Internal and external carotid artery

How to measure the pulse of the carotid artery?

Danger of crushing the carotid artery

Carotid artery hurts - what does it mean?

Features of anatomy

Why is the condition of the carotid artery important?

How to determine the pulse on the carotid artery

Carotid artery: where is it, what will happen if you press it

Diseases of the carotid arteries

Atherosclerosis

Aneurysm

Pathological tortuosity

Diagnostics

Treatment

The role of the vessel

External carotid artery

Internal carotid artery

Danger of crushing

conclusions

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What happens if the carotid artery is clamped?

What happens to a person if the carotid artery is pressed?

What is the carotid artery

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The role of the vessel

Symptoms

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Functions and location of the carotid artery in humans

Where is the carotid artery located?

External carotid artery

Internal carotid artery

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Carotid arteries: location and function

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Where is the internal branch of the carotid artery?

External branch of the carotid artery: diseases, symptoms

Possible pathologies of the carotid artery and internal trunk

Carotid aneurysm: what is it and what are the consequences

Carotid artery thrombosis

Methods for diagnosing carotid artery thrombosis

Treatment methods

Methods of surgical treatment of pathologies of the carotid artery

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