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Maria Laveau (Eng. Marie Catherine Laveau; presumably September 10, 1794 (17940910), New Orleans, Louisiana, USA - June 16, 1881, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA) - the high priestess ("mambo") of Louisiana voodoo in New Orleans of the XIX century and one one of the most influential inhabitants of that time, she was called the "Queen of Voodoo" during her lifetime and later became the heroine of many stories and folklore legends. Her daughter, Marie Laveau II, also practiced voodoo.

• 1 Biography
• 2 Image in popular culture
• 3 Bibliography
• 4 Notes

Biography

She is believed to have been born in New Orleans in 1794 to a white planter and free Creole family. According to other testimonies, she was born on September 10, 1801. On August 4, 1819, she married Jacques (according to other sources - Santiago) Paris, who emigrated to Louisiana in 1809, five years after the victory of the Haitian Revolution; a certificate of their marriage has been preserved.

In 1820, Jacques died under mysterious circumstances, and Maria began to work as a hairdresser serving wealthy clients. She got herself a lover named Christophe, with whom she lived until his death in 1835 and from whom, as the legends say, she gave birth to fifteen children, including Marie Laveau Jr. in 1827.

Maria Laveau is considered one of the founders of Louisiana voodoo, who, thanks to her contacts with the city's elite, has secured many necessary acquaintances and patrons in the face of rich and influential people. The local Christian clergy hated her and tried several times to bring her to trial, but connections at the top of society saved her. Seeing as her main task to change the perception of voodoo as a "cult of Satan" prevailing among the white population, Mary introduced the cult of some Christian symbols into voodoo, such as the crucifix and statues of saints, in order to try to convince ill-wishers that voodoo was related to Christianity. Thanks to her persuasive talent, she more or less attracted many wealthy New Orleans Creoles to the voodoo religion, who often attended her rituals, including the worship of the supreme loa voodoo Dambala. Nevertheless, there are no reliable sources that would illuminate individual details of her life, but there are a large number of legends. they are reported, in particular, that Laveau possessed magical powers of divination and healing of diseases, had a whole network of informants to keep abreast of city events, and even ran a brothel.

She died on June 15, 1881 at the age of about 87 and is buried in St. Louis Cemetery. Her daughter Maria Laveau Jr. (died about 1895) also practiced voodoo and after the death of her mother became her de facto successor; in this regard, it is sometimes difficult to establish which particular Maria Laveau is referred to in a particular legend.

Image in popular culture

• Mentioned in 2001's American Gods by Neil Gaiman.
• Mentioned in Alix Abbigail's book, Julia Lehar, Buried Alive
• Mentioned in the Night Hunter series by Janine Frost.
• In 2013, Chancellor Guy & Bragan D'Ert released a song dedicated to Maria Laveau, titled: "Mary La Vou"
• In October 2013, the third season of the American horror thriller titled American Horror Story: Sabbat was released, one of the main characters of which was Angela Bassett as Maria Laveau.

Bibliography

• Long, Carolyn Morrow. A New Orleans Voudou Priestess: The Legend and Reality of Marie Laveau, Gainesville: University Press of Florida (2006), (ISBN 9780813029740).
• Ward, Martha. Voodoo Queen: The Spirited Lives of Marie Laveau, Oxford: University of Mississippi Press (2004) (ISBN 1578066298).

Notes

1. "CONJURE UP THE SPIRITS OF NEW ORLEANS." The Toronto Star. (October 28, 2000, Saturday, Edition 1): 1479 words. LexisNexis Academic. Web. Date Accessed: 2015/02/12.
2. "Haitian Immigration: 18th & 19th Centuries", In Motion: African American Migration Experience, New York Public Library, ... Retrieved May 7, 2008.
3. http://www.voodoomuseum.com/index.php?option\u003dcom_content&view\u003darticle&id\u003d15 Louisiana Voodoo Museum

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Marie Laveau was considered by some to be a great sorceress, while others were just a clever charlatan. Long years she served as the "voodoo queen" of New Orleans. She is remembered even after a century and a half. They say that her spirit did not find rest: both after her death and until now, he is capable of performing witchcraft ... But let's figure out who Marie really was.

According to sources, Marie Laveau was born in 1794 in New Orleans (USA). She was a mulatto, the illegitimate daughter of a plantation owner and one of his slaves. The girl was brought up in her father's house and from childhood was introduced to the Catholic faith. At twenty-five, the girl married a certain Jacques Paris, a freedman. However, soon the husband left somewhere and disappeared without a trace. Several years later he was pronounced dead.

To make a living, Marie opened a hair salon. She carefully listened to the conversations of clients and collected information, which she then used for her own purposes. The next venture of Marie Laveau was the opening of a brothel on the shores of Lake Pontchartrain. As its mistress, Laveau learned many secrets about the people of New Orleans.

Eventually, she became interested in the voodoo cult, which was actively practiced by the city's colored and black people. She became involved in gatherings in the wasteland outside the French Quarter, where the voodooists held their ceremonies, and it was not long before she was declared the local "queen of voodoo."

Most often they turned to the "queen" when they needed help in love affairs or had to exterminate the enemy. Marie made voodoo dolls, which she threw on the thresholds of the victims, and soon they died ... At least, so the legend says.

In addition, the witch made the "Gri-gri" talismans. They were a small cloth bag, a small handbag, or a wallet made of cloth. Inside, there could be herbs, stones, bones, dust from a cemetery, spices, hair or nail clippings - it all depended on the purpose for which the talisman was intended. "Gris-gris" were used to attract health, money and love, protection from misfortunes and much more. For example, gamblers were offered bags made of red flannel with magnets inside or bags filled with shark teeth and moistened with pigeon's blood - they were believed to be capable of attracting luck in the game ...

Sometimes they ordered "gris-gris" in order to spoil someone. Then Marie made a handbag from a piece of the shroud of a person who died nine days ago. Inside were a dried one-eyed toad and lizards, the little finger of a black man who committed suicide, bat wings, cat's eyes, an owl's liver, and a cock's heart ...

Rumor said that if you hide such a "gri-gri" in a person's things, he will surely die. Talismans "for spoilage" were in special demand among black slaves, who thus tried to squeeze out of the light their white masters, who were cruelly treating them.

However, Marie Laveau enjoyed immense popularity among the white population of New Orleans. Representatives of the local elite approached her with their problems, the press wrote about her ...

In 1869, Marie was forced to relinquish the official title of "voodoo queen", as she had reached old age. But she did not stop practicing witchcraft. New Orleans' most famous witch passed away in 1881.

It is not known who Marie really was - whether she was just a clever charlatan, or still possessed real abilities for magic ... However, it is not necessary to be a magician from birth. Magical rituals, unlike telepathy or clairvoyance, can be learned, if there is a desire ...

It is said that the ghost of Marie Laveau is often seen in St. Louis Cemetery in New Orleans, strolling between the tombs. You can recognize a voodoo priestess by a red and white turban with seven knots. Under his breath, the spirit mutters a special curse, designed to punish those who violate the cemetery peace.

Sometimes a large snake is seen next to Marie Laveau. This is the symbol of Boa - one of the main voodoo deities. Marie had a real snake named Zombie, and when the witch died, she was buried along with her pet. The snake is also seen crawling near the grave of the mistress ...

There is a belief that Marie Laveau is capable of fulfilling wishes even after death. To do this, you need to draw a cross on the wall of her tomb or put three coins, stand near the grave, turn around three times and knock on the crypt door three times ... Some people also perform voodoo rituals here. After them, various objects often remain - flowers, candles, beads, dolls ... But in no case should you touch them - a curse or a conspiracy for illness may lie on them.

In short, Marie Laveau is to some extent “alive” even after her death. However, the same can be said about any outstanding personality ...

Margarita Troitsyna

Hurricane Katrin almost completely destroyed the beautiful city of New Orleans. Gone are the citadel of voodooism, with the famous French Quarter. There are no longer any buildings that look like palaces. A church with terrifying crypts turned into ruins. This city was ruled by a terrifying magic, which at one time was called a cult at the official level.

However, she was unable to protect the city from the natural disaster. No matter what tricks they resorted to to restore, no one will ever be able to see the house, and later the grave of the most famous woman in New Orleans - Marie Laveau, who turned into the very first and famous voodoo queen.

Hairdresser as a spy

The legend, in the person of this woman, was born more than 200 years ago - or rather, in 1794. The city became the birthplace french colony - New Orleans. This year was marked not only by her birth.

At this time, the bloody dictator Robespierre terrified everyone. Europe with a shudder awaited the revolutionary events that came from France. But another mini-revolution took place at a great distance from Europe, on the current island of Haiti, the former French colony of Hispaniola.

The educated negroes agreed with the priests and organized a slave revolt. After killing almost all white-skinned inhabitants, they declared themselves a republic. From that time until the beginning of the 20th century, whites were not seen here. They lived quite well and cheerfully. The fact alone that they chose a real four-legged goat as their king. Immediately after the horned one, the old necromancer Duvale, who turned into a dictator, sat on the throne.

All white-skinned people who were able to survive in the terrible massacre in Haiti and, after the riots in Cuba, went as quickly as possible to New Orleans along with their voodoo slaves. In total, there were about 10 thousand people in the city. Thus, these voodoo cultists ended up in New Orleans. It is not hard to guess that sorcerers now met at every corner.

Marie was the illegitimate daughter of a slave and plantation owner, and converted to Catholicism. She met voodoo only at the age of twenty-five, having married a native of Haiti. Spouse Marie Laveau, some time after the wedding, went home. He did not return from this journey.

Lonely, Marie began to explore a new kind of activity for herself. Her official business was hairdressing. With the money left over from her father, she was able to open her own salon. Thanks to Marie's dexterous hands, he became quite popular. Representatives of the local aristocracy came to her to fix her hair, make a mask, or just chat.

It would be better if they came to their destination. As they say: silence is gold! A carelessly thrown word did its job. It is not known for certain whether Marie had a certain card index or whether she memorized everything, but she used all the information as needed. Very little time passed and all the talkers, with their husbands and children, fell into the hands of a clever hairdresser.

The louder scandals are not sensational these days. Now it is difficult for us to imagine that a reputation can melt away from a single hint that a noble beauty had blacks in the family, or that a young chevalier was an ordinary sharper. These unfortunates had to remain on their plantations, surrounded by slaves for the rest of their lives. They could no longer get into an aristocratic society.

White ended up in the hands of Marie, who used blackmail. A more terrible weapon was used against blacks, the name of which is voodoo. To learn this science, she began to study with the most knowledgeable specialist in the field.

Once John Montenay, "Prince of Senegalese", was kidnapped into slavery. Marie was so successful that negro slaves, without hesitation, told all the secrets of their masters, so long as she did not begin to send angry spirits. The practice of carrots and sticks became her weapon. Thanks to such tactics, the whole city was in her hands. Very soon the time came for a revolution, but not an easy one, but a revolution in voodoo.

John Montenay

Dancing with python

Marie took great pleasure in destroying the purity of the Haitian cult. The first thing she did was to make the whole action more spectacular. The main role was played by a giant python whose name was Zombie. Embracing him, Marie began the ceremony with dancing. After that, everyone could enjoy the blood of a cock or a hen, which was strangled alive by a python. This was believed to contribute to successful witchcraft. The entire ritual took place surrounded by statues of saints from the Catholic faith. Holy water was poured on all participants and surrounding objects, including the python.

Marie was successfully able to link together the cult of voodoo and the Catholic faith. A new area was born, which was called the voodoo of New Orleans. African prayers were used instead of Latin. The saints began to take the place of the spirits of Africa. At the same time, the statues of these saints have successfully replaced the masks on the altars. Many wondered: Do the saints like these bloody sadistic sacrifices?

Marie's innovations did their job - whites began to take a place in the ranks of the voodooists. Some were attracted by the possibility of ritual sex, others were attracted by witchcraft. Legends began to be written about Marie Laveau. Almost everyone believed that nothing was impossible for her. By and large, everything was simple for her. The main thing is that the named amount should be paid.

An outstanding incident happened one day. One rich old man decided to marry a sixteen-year-old beauty. The old man was well over eighty, but the age difference did not bother him at all. Money became the main thing here. The old man had plenty of them, but the girl's father suffered from their absence.

Grandpa, without thinking twice, made an agreement with unfortunate dad, but the girl balked. The reason was simple to the point of banality: the girl already had a fiancé, and she did not want to marry an old man at all. The girl's groom was a young adventurer who went to distant lands for big millions.

Dad and the old man did not take the young man seriously, but the young romantic lady put him in first place. No persuasion acted on her, and, having not thought of anything better, they locked her in a hut. They put them on bread and water, sometimes they flogged them with whips. But she didn't give up. The old man was already beginning to worry that instead of the bride he would receive a corpse. It was then that the girl's father suggested contacting Marie.

She hastened to assure them that the wedding would take place. Then she visited the newlywed, and gave the old man a magic powder in a bag. Marie did not deceive. The girl agreed to everything, returned to her mansion, and a wedding date was set. The celebration took place. A luxurious dinner awaited the guests after the wedding ceremony.

After dinner, the ball began, and the old man began to lead the young in the waltz. After taking just a few steps, he fell and died. A doctor was called, but he came too late. But for a young widow just right. Having become a legal spouse, she also became a legal heir. The first thing that the girl did, having gained wealth and freedom, was to summon her beloved from his journey. He no longer needed to chase big money.

Marie Laveau was such a clever person that her spiritual mentor Antoine considered her the most virtuous Catholic in New Orleans. All this despite the fact that she became the most powerful priestess of voodoo. She was revered as the most virtuous woman, although, in theory, she should have been excommunicated.

Marie Laveau became the mother of 15 children born to the second common-law husband Louis de Glapion. She devoted a lot of time to prayer. Visiting the prisoners, she secretly sold them amulets so that they could leave the walls of the prison, helped patients with yellow fever, which to this day is considered the most contagious.

To those who asked tricky questions, she replied that she had no idea of \u200b\u200bany African superstitions. All household members echoed her. The most amazing thing is that such a lie lived in a town where the population was less than 50 thousand. Given how popular this woman was, many are wondering: why was she believed?

We can only assume that the situation was in effect: if not caught, do not call it a thief. Hardly her spiritual mentor Antoine mustered the courage to catch her in the Sabbath. In general, priests could not visit such places.

Death came to her as a devout Catholic. Pilgrims and voodoo worshipers came to her resting place. Until the water washed away the grave, jewelry, perfumes, crucifixes and other sacrifices to the great sorceress were brought here. Even after death, she retained her lifetime activity: accepting gifts, fulfilling wishes.

The hurricane ended all of Marie's afterlife activities. How will New Orleans do without such a landmark? What will cost the spirit will appear near the stone, even if the remains are washed into the ocean.

Tarot voodoo

Her personality is also reflected in the Voodoo Tarot cards. In this deck, Marie Laveau takes the place of the high priestess in the second lasso. This is not surprising. And here is the map itself:

Several cards from the Voodoo Tarot deck:

Current version of the page so far not checked

Current version of the page so far not checked experienced participants and may differ significantly from the one tested on December 3, 2018; checks are required.

She is believed to have been born in New Orleans in 1794 to a white planter and free Creole family. According to other testimonies, she was born on September 10, 1801. On August 4, 1819, she married Jacques (according to other sources - Santiago) Paris, who emigrated to Louisiana in 1809, five years after the victory Haitian revolution ; a certificate of their marriage has been preserved.

In 1820, Jacques died under mysterious circumstances, and Maria began to work as a hairdresser serving wealthy clients. She got herself a lover named Christophe, with whom she lived until his death in 1835 and from whom, as the legends say, she gave birth to fifteen children, including Marie Laveau Jr. in 1827.

Maria Laveau is considered one of the founders of Louisiana voodoo, who, thanks to her contacts with the city's elite, has secured many necessary acquaintances and patrons in the face of rich and influential people. The local Christian clergy hated her and tried several times to bring her to trial, but connections at the top of society saved her. Seeing as her main task to change the perception of voodoo as a "cult of Satan" prevailing among the white population, Mary introduced the cult of some Christian symbols into voodoo, such as the crucifix and statues of saints, in order to try to convince ill-wishers that voodoo was related to Christianity. Thanks to her talent for persuasion, she, to one degree or another, attracted many wealthy New Orleans Creoles to the voodoo religion, who often attended her rituals, including the worship of the supreme loa voodoo Dambala ... Nevertheless, there are no reliable sources that would illuminate individual details of her life, but there are a large number of legends. They report, in particular, that Laveau possessed magical powers of divination and healing of diseases, had a whole network of informants to keep abreast of city events, and even ran a brothel.

She died on June 15, 1881 at the age of 79 and is buried in St. Louis Cemetery. Her daughter Maria Laveau Jr. (died about 1895) also practiced voodoo and after the death of her mother became her de facto successor; in this regard, it is sometimes difficult to establish which particular Maria Laveau is referred to in a particular legend.