What does a polyp in the ear look like? Ear polyp surgery
In list primary causes inflammation of the outer ear can be found: - allergies (flea saliva, food, atopy) - parasitic invasions (otodectosis, notoedrosis, demodicosis, sarcoptic mange) - pyoderma (local pyotraumatic ermatitis or diaper rash) - violation of epithelialization and metabolism (endocrine diseases or primary seborrhea) - foreign bodies (usually grass seeds), more often in spring - pathogenic bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), as a rule, with a decrease in immunity - contact dermatitis to cleaning and treatment products (propylene glycol, neomycin) - juvenile cellulitis (sterile pyogranuloma in puppies) - autoimmune diseases) - viral diseases that cause pharyngitis and inflammation of the Eustachian tube, lead to the formation of polyps in the middle ear - tumors - polyps, adenomas, adenocarcinomas
Factors predisposing to the development of otitis media: - breeds with hanging or semi-hanging ears - lack of ventilation and auditory canal - narrowing of the ear canal - slowing the migration of epithelial cells contributes to the accumulation of debris - high humidity leads to changes in the ecosystem of the ear canal and a preponderance in favor of pathogenic flora - hypertrichosis (excess hair) of the ear canals in some breeds of dogs (terriers, poodles, schnauzers, etc.) - leads to insufficient ventilation, accumulation and slowing down of debris removal, high humidity. At the same time, microtraumas with incorrect depilation can also contribute to the development of otitis media. - the tendency to develop seborrhea also leads to the accumulation of debris and excess secretion - chronic otitis media leads to a narrowing of the ear canal and a more frequent incidence of the disease due to this - nasopharyngeal polyps predispose cats to inflammation of the middle ha - neoplasms of the glands that form earwax - apocrine cysts and apocrine cystadenomatosis - narrowing or lengthening of the horizontal section of the auditory canal (German shepherds, bloodhounds, bassets) violates the evacuation of secretions - improperly carrying out the sanitation of the ear canal - cleansing only the vertical canal, using a traumatic auxiliary instrument, using ototoxic drugs. The combination of causes and contributing factors determines the incidence of the disease and the propensity for a chronic course. That is, for example, treatment by eliminating the causes of allergies without identifying and eliminating the factors contributing to the onset of otitis media will not lead to a cure and will contribute to the chronicity of the process.
Usually, the first symptom of otitis media is redness of the skin of the auricle and the vertical auditory canal, accompanied by intense formation and accumulation of sulfuric secretions. This leads to a disruption of the skin ecosystem, which is attacked by bacteria and / or yeasts. In many cases, there is no exudate until the inflammatory process is complicated by secondary infections. The animal often shakes its head, it can also tilt its head towards the affected ear. With an abundant flow of exudate, it is possible for the wool to stick together and develop weeping inflammation in the adjacent areas of the skin. In chronic cases, a hematoma of the ear may appear - the accumulation of blood between the layers of cartilage during chronic injury to the auricle. Inflammation of the middle ear leads to the development of a more serious clinical picture: pronounced tilt of the head, paralysis of the facial nerve (drooping eyelid), Horner's syndrome (constriction of the pupil, enophthalmos and protrusion of the third eyelid), keratoconjunctivitis dry, pain reaction when opening the mouth, hearing loss, lethargy. Inflammation of the inner ear leads to asymmetric ataxia (lack of coordination) with a wide spread of the limbs, head shaking, circling movements (in a circle), nystagmus (eyeball movement), and vomiting. Ear diseases, as a rule, require long-term treatment, otherwise the risk of recurrence is high, sometimes it is necessary to treat animals with otitis media for several months. Chronic inflammation of the outer ear can lead to calcification of the dermis adjacent to the ear cartilage, which dictates the need for a long course of antibiotic therapy. In such cases, as a rule, the tympanic membrane is involved in the process, while a change in its color and transparency is noted. Very often, when examining the auditory canal, it is not possible to see the tympanic membrane due to the accumulation of exudate or sulfur - in this case, it is necessary to carry out compulsory sanitation by washing the auditory canal or to achieve self-cleaning of the auditory canal as a result of regular treatments at home with washing solutions (lotion for ears, saline).
To determine the most effective treatment tactics, it is necessary to identify all the factors that have served in favor of the development of otitis media. Careful removal of the contents of the ear canal can speed up the healing process. You can use ear lotions to toilet your ears. If you suspect a violation of the integrity of the tympanic membrane, it is safer to use saline, since ceruminolytics (substances that dissolve sulfur) that are part of lotions can have an ototoxic effect in otitis media. Similar complications are possible from the use of drugs containing prednisolone, amikacin, gentamycin, kanamycin, neomycin, tobramycin, streptomycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, polymyxin B, tetracycline, chlorhexidine, ethyl alcohol, vancomycin, iodine, dimexylate. Eating the ears can be done by pouring a sufficient amount of cleanser into the ear canal, then allowing the dog to shake his ears well and remove excess secretions with a swab. When sanitizing the auditory canal, try not to injure it with sharp instruments or leave cotton wool in it. Elimination of the root cause of the problem (see above) plays a decisive role for successful treatment; only in this case, long-term remission can be expected.
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Ear polyps are specific formations of granulation tissue. They can be localized in different areas of the organ of hearing - the external passage or. Sometimes polyps affect other elements of the skull.
If symptoms of an anomaly appear in a child or adult, you should immediately consult an otolaryngologist. Timely therapy will help avoid the development of a malignant process.
Polyp in the ear: etiology
The formation of polyps is most often observed in the area of \u200b\u200bthe walls or extreme elements of the membrane, as well as in the area of \u200b\u200bthe auditory ossicles.
Symptoms
The appearance of an ear polyp is characterized by the following manifestations:
- - sometimes accompanied by bloody impurities. If pus stops flowing, this may indicate a blockage of the ear canal with a formation.
- Feeling of constriction.
- or full.
- Feeling.
Diagnostics
To make an accurate diagnosis, you should see a doctor. The specialist studies the history, conducts a survey and examination of the patient. Then the otolaryngologist must perform the hardware. Thanks to this, it will be possible to assess the integrity of the membrane, identify the affected area and determine its size.
It may also require additional examinations. These include the following:
- stool analysis;
- bacterial culture;
In the photo there are polyps in the ears of a person
Treatment
To cope with the pathology, you need to consult a doctor in a timely manner. In simple cases, conservative therapy is sufficient, while in more complex situations, it is impossible to do without surgical intervention.
Operational
However, in most cases, conservative methods do not give the required results, which creates the need for an operation.
Possible complications
With incomplete removal of the polyp, there is a risk of recurrence of the pathology. In addition, violation of the rules for performing the procedure can lead to ear infection. To avoid complications, doctors often prescribe in the postoperative period.
The possibility of relapse
Ear polyps are considered recurrent conditions. If the cause of the appearance is not eliminated, the disease will come back again and again. Also, relapses are possible with incomplete removal of the formation.
Why are formations dangerous?
The presence of a polyp in the ear can be the cause of the appearance and. In difficult situations, this education becomes the cause of complete hearing loss.
Forecast
In most cases, the pathology has a favorable prognosis. Due to the excision of the abnormal focus, the patient fully recovers. If the polyp is not completely removed, there is a risk of recurrence of the disease and malignant transformation.
How to remove polyps, see our video:
Prevention
To prevent the formation of polyps, you need to do the following:
- timely under the supervision of an ENT doctor;
- enjoy;
- wear hats in the cold season;
- do not use other people's objects that come into contact with the ears.
The appearance of polyps in the ears is fraught with the development of dangerous complications. To prevent this, it is very important to contact an otolaryngologist in a timely manner and clearly follow all his recommendations.
Polyps are growths that appear on the surface of the skin. Formed from epithelial cells. They vary in size and shape. Masses can form in various parts of the body, including the ear. There are several reasons for their formation, and treatment is carried out by removing the build-up.
What are polyps
Polyps are benign neoplasms formed from cells of the epidermis. They often bring moral discomfort and are not pathological. But experts recommend removing growths, since with constant mechanical injury, friction of clothing and other damage, they are capable of inflame... As a result, infectious lesions can develop, leading to the development of cancer cells.
Ear polyps are most often a complication of otitis media and other inflammatory or infectious diseases.
The disease is diagnosed in patients aged 35 to 50 years. It is possible to completely cure polyposis only with the help of surgical removal. But in certain cases, the disease develops again.
Types and areas of localization
Polyps formed in the ear cavity most often have the form of granulations. But there are also growths similar to myxomas, fibromas or angiofibromas.
Depending on the method of attachment to the surface of the skin and mucous membrane, they are divided into two types. The first includes formations that are attached with a leg. The second type includes polyps with a wide base.
Also, growths in the ear can have a different color: from pale pink to bright red. The surface of the growths can be rough or smooth.
Polyps formed in the ear cavity have a soft texture. But at the same time they are much denser than those formations that appear in the nasal cavity. Bleeding occurs even after a light touch.
That is why polyps in this case not only bring moral discomfort, but also cause painful sensations. After cleaning the ears, they are injured and heal for a long time.
Ear growths can be elongated, conical, or spherical.
Formations most often begin to form in the area of \u200b\u200bthe walls of the ear cavity. They also affect the extreme elements of the membrane. In exceptional cases, they can occur in the area of \u200b\u200bthe auditory ossicles.
Why do polyps appear in the ears
The main cause of polyps in the ears and other parts of the body is inflammation, especially in its advanced form. The provoking factors for the formation of growths on the mucous membrane of the ear cavity are a genetic predisposition, chronic otitis media, or permanent mechanical injury.
With regular exposure to negative factors, the process of pathological division of epithelial cells begins, which tries to reduce the level of irritation. But pathological cell division does not always help to stop the inflammatory process. That is why, in certain places, they form connective tissue and appear as a growth of various shapes and lengths.
Polyps in the ears often begin to form from the walls or edges of the tympanic membrane, auditory ossicles. Depending on their size, they can be almost invisible. But in the presence of significant volumes, they are able to occupy the entire ear cavity and go beyond it.
In cases where the growth is located in the middle ear, even during an otoscopy, it can be invisible for a long time. As it grows, it is able to go beyond it through the perforation formed on the surface of the tympanic membrane.
In shade, the growths may not differ from the epidermis of the ear cavity or its mucous membrane. In some cases, the formation is red or pink.
The danger of polyps formed in the ear cavity is that, with constant exposure to negative factors, they can degenerate into fibromyxomas or fibromas.
In addition, the growths become not only the cause of moral discomfort. As a result of their formation and growth, hearing loss and impaired performance of the hearing aid are observed.
Signs
A polyp in the ear is not visually detectable by the patient. A growth can develop in the ear cavity for a long time without showing symptoms. Only a doctor can identify polyposis when examining the ear cavity.
When the growth reaches a significant size, certain symptoms begin to appear, with varying degrees of severity. Among them are observed:
- Highlighting purulent masses from the ear cavity. They may have blood clots. Stopping the process indicates a blockage of the ear canal with a polyp.
- Discomfort, manifested as itching, painful sensations and tinnitus.
- The appearance of a feeling constriction.
- Feeling like there is an outsider subject in the ear cavity.
- Decline quality hearing. Complete hearing loss can occur in certain situations.
Against the background of the growth of a polyp in the ear cavity, patients also experience headaches of varying intensity.
These symptoms do not always indicate the presence of polyposis, in which the mucous membrane of the ear cavity is affected. But when they appear, you need to contact an otolaryngologist.
Can it develop into cancer
Polyps in the ears and other parts of the body pose a danger to humans, which is due to the high probability of transformation of growths into malignant tumors. The provoking factors for the development of this condition are:
- Continuous flow inflammation and infectious lesions.
- Mechanical damage build-up.
- Impact chemical substances on the polyp in order to remove it at home.
Such factors cause the transformation of cells into pathological ones with prolonged or regular exposure.
Diagnostic methods
If a polyposis is suspected, in which the ear canal is damaged, a specialist examines the canal and the eardrum. For this, a special lighting device, mirrors and a funnel are used. When inspection the otolaryngologist determines the presence of perforation, infection and polyposis.
After establishing a preliminary diagnosis, the following methods of instrumental diagnostics are prescribed:
- Computer tomography. A sufficiently informative method to identify the presence and location of a polyp in the ear cavity.
- MRI. It is prescribed to determine the characteristics of the course of polyposis.
- Otomicroscopic examination.
- Electrocardiography.
Also, the patient is assigned a number of laboratory tests. First of all, a blood test is shown to identify an infectious lesion. Also held:
- Laboratory research urine.
- Coagulogram.
- Allergic study.
- Scraping for bacteriological analysis.
Since polyps can degenerate into malignant neoplasms, a biopsy is prescribed, in which a sample of the growth tissue is taken. In the future, they are sent to the laboratory for histological examination. This allows cancer cells to be identified.
Treatment of polyposis in the ears
Therapy for the establishment of polyps formed in the ear cavity is carried out in two ways, depending on the degree of growth of the growth. The technique is selected taking into account the characteristics of the disease. In severe cases, when the growth is significant, surgical excision is performed. In other cases, it is possible to use medications.
Surgical removal
The polyp in the ear cavity is removed in cases when it reaches a significant size and obstructs the passage. For this, a special loop is used. Depending on the capabilities of the clinic, a conchote or a curette is also used.
The procedure is performed on an outpatient basis. Before removal, the patient is given local anesthesia. After the drug has worked, a loop is put on the leg of the growth and cut with one movement of the apparatus. After that, the growth is removed from the ear cavity with tweezers.
After the operation, the surface where the polyp was located is treated with a solution of silver nitrate. At home, rinsing the cavity with saline is required.
In certain cases, it becomes necessary to carry out radical intervention. The procedure is carried out only in stationary conditions. The operation is carried out in order to prevent the formation of a fistula and suppuration.
Patients should be aware that twisting or pulling out the formation is strictly prohibited. Such damage can lead to the development of a number of complications.
Conservative treatment
Medicines for polyposis are used in cases where the growth is not large.
To eliminate the cause of its development, ear drops with a bacterial effect are prescribed. Creams containing steroids are also shown.
When a fungal infection has become the cause of the formation of a growth, antifungal agents are prescribed. But drug treatment does not always bring the desired results. Surgery remains the most effective treatment.
The likelihood of relapse and complications
Polyps that form in the ear canal and other parts of the body are benign tumors. But even after removal, they can reappear. Thus, even complete removal with a scalpel is not a guarantee of recovery.
The lack of therapy, especially in cases where the cause of the polyp is an infectious lesion, can provoke the development of otitis media. This is because the build-up supports the inflammation, which causes the inflammation to penetrate.
When the polyp reaches a significant size, there is a decrease or complete loss of hearing as a result of blockage of the passage.
With permanent damage to the growth, the risk of its degeneration into a malignant tumor increases. Also among the complications are brain abscess, meningitis, triple nerve palsy and damage to the bones of the skull.
Forecast and preventive measures
The prognosis for polyposis is most often favorable. Complete recovery is possible after surgical removal. But polyps can recur over time.
In order to reduce the risk of formation of growths on the surface of the mucous membrane of the ear canal, otitis media should be treated in a timely manner, a headdress should be put on in the cold season, and nasal drops should be used for a cold.
Ear polyps are benign growths that can regenerate into cancerous tumors. That is why you should consult a doctor in a timely manner when they occur, especially in the ear canal. Lack of therapy leads to serious consequences.
The formation that occurs as a result of the growth of granulation tissue is a polyp in the ear. Localization of such growth can occur both in the external auditory canal and in the middle ear. Ear polyps can also spread to other parts of the skull.
Causes and mechanism of development
Most often, a polyp is a complication of a chronic inflammatory process in the ear (purulent otitis media, middle or external). The development of the disease can lead to:
In the place of chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane, there is a gradual proliferation of tissues, replacement of normal tissue with connective tissue. When localized in the middle ear, the formation can remain invisible for a long time for conventional otoscopy. As it grows, the polyp passes into the ear canal through a perforation in the tympanic membrane.
In addition to simple granulations, polyps are represented by fibromas, Angiofibromas, myxoma, and the like. Neoplasms on a broad base and on a pedicle differ in shape. The color of the formations varies from pale pink to reddish, the surface is bumpy or smooth. An ear polyp has a soft but slightly denser texture than a nasal polyp, which tends to bleed even when lightly touched. Such formations grow most often from the auditory ossicles, walls or edge of the tympanic membrane. The disease is recurrent.
symptoms
The fact that an ear polyp has formed is often indicated by:
- genetically, sometimes with an admixture of blood (stopping the outflow of pus can be caused by blockage of the ear canal polyp);
- itching, noise and pain in the ear;
- feeling of constriction;
- a feeling of the presence of a foreign body in the ear cavity;
- hearing loss or loss;
- headaches.
diagnostics
The main method for determining the presence of such a formation in the ear is otoscopy (examination of the tympanic membrane and the external auditory canal using a lighting device, a set of funnels and a reflector - a frontal mirror). When carrying out this procedure, the otolaryngologist detects the presence of secretions, perforation of the tympanic membrane, polyposis syndrome of growths. It is important to differentiate the polyp from other diseases.
When making a diagnosis and before treatment, other diagnostic methods can also be used:
- clinical blood test;
- a smear from the tympanic cavity for bacteriological examination;
- otomicroscopic examination (using a microscope);
- CT, MRI (if there are indications to clarify the localization of education, the prevalence of the process);
- biopsy;
- general urine analysis;
- allergological research;
- coagulogram;
complications
A polyp, provoking an ear infection, itself often becomes the cause of chronic otitis media, supporting the inflammatory process of the ear and preventing the penetration of drugs to the site of infection. The proliferation of the polyp leads to blockage of the ear canal and deafness, and under certain conditions there is a risk of its degeneration into a malignant formation. If the polyp is caused by necrotizing otitis media, then the spread of the original infection can cause:
- paralysis of the facial nerve;
- meningitis;
- brain abscess;
- lesions of the bones of the base of the skull.
In small formations, in some cases, conservative treatment is carried out using steroid-containing creams and antibacterial drops. With the fungal nature of the pathology, antifungal drugs are used. The main method of treating the formations in the ears under consideration is surgical removal. Such therapy is especially indicated with the ineffectiveness of conservative methods, a significant prevalence of the process.
Surgical intervention is carried out by cutting off the neoplasm with a special loop (or with the help of another instrument - a curette, ear conchotome) or by the method of radical intervention in a hospital setting. With the last method, the polyp is removed if there is a fistula in the semicircular canals (checked by identifying a fistular symptom, which is caused by finger pressure on the tragus) to prevent a purulent infection from entering the labyrinth.
Removal of loops can be performed on an outpatient basis. First, anesthesia is provided in the intervention area. Then a loop is thrown onto the pedicle of the formation, with the movement of which it is cut off, after which it is removed using tweezers. The surface is treated with silver nitrate, chromic or trichloroacetic acid, followed by rinsing with saline. It is impossible to pull out, twist the polyp because of the high risk of bone dislocation, the development of labyrinthitis and other complications.
Description:
Latin name: Polipus auris.
The polyp grows in the ear canal, it can be a local complication of chronic suppurative inflammation of the middle ear. Polyp is called simple granulation, fibroma, angiofibroma,.
Polyps can be located & nbsp & nbsp on a leg or have a wide base. They "grow" from the wall of the tympanic cavity or from the & nbsp & nbsp of the auditory ossicles, eaten away by caries, less often from the edges of the tympanic membrane. The polyp looks like a pale pink or reddish mass, smooth or bumpy, bleeding easily when probed.
Ear polyp symptoms:
A tumor-like formation is determined in the ear. There is partial or complete hearing loss, pain in the ear, a feeling of constriction, headaches, purulent-bloody discharge from the external auditory canal.
Symptoms: A lump in the ear, hearing loss in the affected ear, ear pain, discharge from the ear, and symptoms such as headaches may also appear.
Diagnostics:
The diagnosis is established by examination by an otolaryngologist (otoscopy).
It should be distinguished: & nbsp & nbsp ear polyps, malignant neoplasm without specifying localization
Medical procedures for ear polyps: Consultation with an otolaryngologist, Otoscopy, Ear swab for bacteriological examination.
Ear polyp treatment:
Surgical treatment (polyp removal). Timely and correct treatment of otitis media is very important for the prevention of relapses.
Medical procedures: Removal of polyps, benign lesions up to 15 mm
In the treatment of this disease, the following methods are used: non-drug, minimally invasive surgery.