The world through the eyes of a person with vision 6. How do myopic people see the world around them? At what distance nearsighted people see well

On October 13, many countries celebrate World Sight Day. It was invented thatpeople would pay attention to the problems of blindness and the prevention of poor eyesight.

Open Asia Online conducted a small survey among visually impaired people to find out how they see the world around them, and presented how it would look in photographs.

The World Health Organization and the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness report annually that people on the planet are experiencing rapid visual impairment. According to the latest data, out of 7 billion people, 285 million are visually impaired, of which about 40 million are completely blind.

The situation is depressing in Kazakhstan alone. This can be judged even by a cursory survey of residents. Most of the respondents were short-sighted. According to statistics, there are more than 75 thousand visually impaired people in the country.

In the working population, eye injuries are the most common cause of poor vision, followed by myopia. For pensioners, glaucoma is in first place, malignant tumors are in second, and lens diseases are in third. Children also keep up: most often their eyes suffer from congenital anomalies or injuries.

Ayman Zhusupova. Vision - minus 7

“I had congenital myopia, which was aggravated by the fact that as a child I liked to read books lying down, holding them above me. As a result, my“ minus ”only increased over the years. At school I experienced terrible inconveniences, as I had to ask neighbors for at the desk to suggest what is written on the blackboard, or to give to cheat. But I did not like to wear glasses. I had a big "minus", so when wearing glasses the glasses made my eyes very small, I did not like it. There were times when I did not recognize people Many even thought that I was arrogant and did not want to say hello. I was scared to catch a taxi or cross the road alone. I lived with this problem until I was 22, until one day I came across lenses. I bought lenses and the world was instantly transformed It was an indescribable feeling when you see everything in the smallest detail.Sometimes I was even ashamed to look at people, as it seemed: they were almost naked in front of me!

Therefore, I cannot get enough of the fact that there is such an invention of mankind as lenses. I still revel in this feeling, examining people and objects around me in the smallest detail. The only inconvenience is material costs, since I wear daily lenses: I have to spend up to 19,000 thousand tenge ($ 57) per month to have excellent eyesight. "

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Natalia Timirbaeva. Vision - minus 3

"One of my medical records says: suffers from myopia to a mild degree. Myopia, indeed, is. And it is called beautifully - myopia. But there is no suffering about this. As well as there are no complexes due to the fact that I have to wear glasses On the contrary, they seem to me to be a stylish accessory, while the search for the right frame always turns into an exciting dress-up game, where the object is not the body, but the face.

As for the views on the world, everything is fine here, because the lenses in my frame are selected correctly, and my vision is one in the glasses (this means that I see even the smallest lines of the table at the ophthalmologist). Of course, when I take off my glasses, the world changes. And it's not a fact that for the worse, since wrinkles and other imperfections "disappear" from the faces of my interlocutors. And on the streets dust and debris "dissolve".
Without glasses, I calmly navigate this world, cross the road so as not to get hit by a car (I see cars from afar), I distinguish not only people from dogs, but also men from women. Even from five meters I can distinguish my acquaintances, of course, by their gait and general outlines. I can't see faces from this distance.

At home, after a shower, I sometimes forget to put on my glasses. And I remember about them only when someone turns on the TV. Without glasses, I will not be able to see the numbers of minibuses, make a purchase in a store where the shelves are separated from customers by a distance of more than two meters. I watch TV only with glasses and play tennis too. But I read without glasses - it's more comfortable. And, they say, it is more useful. "

Azamat Galeev. Vision - minus 1.

"My right eye is minus 1, my left eye is minus 4. Without glasses, I can't even see the route number of the bus until it arrives at the bus stop. Without glasses, the whole world for me 50-60 meters away is muddy, hidden and unpredictable."

Evgenia Kadikova. Vision - plus 2

"In everyday life, I don't wear glasses, I watch TV and drive a car without them. But I can't read the shelf life of products in the store without glasses, the same thing happens with messages on my phone, I read and work at the computer only with glasses. Sometimes I wear lenses, but I don't really like them - my eyes get tired quickly. "

Zhanar Kanafina. Vision - plus 3-4

“I put on my first glasses in the second grade, although in fact I could read and write without them. At the university I put on only in the library and in the evenings - for a book. As long as my vision was with small 'pluses', I could do without glasses, but over the years a computer“ eats up ”diopters, and, unfortunately, it becomes too much: at work, at home, plus gadgets.

I really like good lighting and large typography. Any small print is annoying. It happens that I may not notice an error in my journalistic text. It's good that there are proofreaders. I don't wear lenses, they make my head spin. And glasses are more usual. "

But this is how people with a vision of plus 7 see the world. Glasses with such diopters are more like a magnifying glass, and from under the glasses they will look at you with big surprised eyes. Most often, these framed lenses are worn by old people. Without glasses, they cannot see letters and numbers in receipts, they hardly distinguish the image on TV, and this also explains their helplessness in front of a cell phone - too small.

Sometimes you will notice that older people more easily than their bespectacled grandchildren, thread a needle. This is simply explained: with age, nearsighted people acquire almost one hundred percent vision - “minus” changes to “plus”, and as a result, “one” is obtained.

Have you ever wondered how visually impaired people see the world around them? One contemporary artist Philip Barlow has created a number of oil paintings in which he depicts how a person with certain vision problems sees what is happening around him. We bring to your attention several masterpieces of this genius.

Paintings

At first glance, Barlow's paintings look like photographs that were simply not in focus. In fact, the artist used oil and a special technique of blur to create them, which ideally conveys the state of vision of the world that a person who is diagnosed with myopia feels feels. This is how these people see the world around them at the moment when they take off their glasses or lenses that correct their vision.

What is it like to live in this state? To realize this, just scroll down the page and familiarize yourself with the artist's creations. As a person who has myopia, I can say that the paintings of Philip Barlow really accurately convey the vision of the world that is present in those moments when I have to take off my glasses or contact lenses.

Yes Yes! The city really looks like this.

Myopia is a violation of refraction, in which the rays are focused not on the retina, but in front of it. Because of this, objects located in the distance are not clearly visible.

Poor vision adversely affects everyday life, reducing its quality. Let's find out how myopic people see.

Shortsighted people never see objects with clear contours: any thing seems vague to him. If myopia is combined with astigmatism, then the person does not see clear close objects.

Small details of the world are inaccessible to a nearsighted person, he misses details and nuances that seem ordinary to people with normal vision.

Distinctive features

First of all, the outlines of objects for the nearsighted have strange, fantastic shapes. If a person with emmetropic vision, looking at a tree, sees individual branches and leaves, then to a myopic one it seems like a shapeless green mass.

To a nearsighted person, all faces appear younger and more attractive. It is interesting that he can be mistaken in determining the age by 20 or even more years. People with poor vision can peer into the face of the interlocutor and see nothing in it. It is not surprising that they do not recognize friends from afar and almost never say hello first.

Children often suffer from myopia. If for some reason they refuse or are ashamed to wear glasses, they begin to study poorly. Children with myopic refraction often do not see what is written on the blackboard, even from the first desk.

During a conversation, small details are not visible to a nearsighted person: the contour of the face seems to him blurry. That is why he recognizes people only by their voice.

• a person sees only the first lines in the Sivtsev table;
• any distant objects appear blurry;
• tV viewing is difficult, small details and teletext are completely invisible;
• due to the blurring of small details, the myopic has to read the book at close range;
• twilight vision is impaired, a person sees silhouettes of objects.

Minus 4

Further deterioration of vision occurs:

1. the patient has to close his eyes all the time in order to see the world around him more clearly;
2. small objects are not visible even at a relatively close distance;
3. working with a computer is difficult, a person does not see small text;
4. because of the tangible blurring of the contours, it is difficult for the patient to recognize acquaintances.

Minus 5

With myopia -5, a person sees clearly only those objects that are located at a distance of no more than 10 m. Everything else is visible, as if in a fog. The patient can fix silhouettes and their movement.

A person with myopia -5 recognizes people by their voice. His hearing is sharpened: this ability helps him to better navigate in space.

Minus 6

With myopia -6 diopters, a person sees only closely spaced objects. The rest are fixed in the form of indistinct large spots, silhouettes.

At what distance nearsighted people see well

The distance at which patients see well depends on the degree of myopia. So, with a refraction of up to -3 diopters, closely spaced objects are clearly visible: these people can easily read without experiencing discomfort. The visibility of objects depends on their size and distance.

With myopia of a high degree (more than -6 diopters), a person sees equally poorly both in the distance and near.

Why objects are poorly visible with myopia

Vision deteriorates if the refractive power of the eye lens - the lens, cornea does not correspond to the length of the anteroposterior axis of the eye. With myopia, the size of the eyeball is larger than that of a healthy person. Its normal length is 2.3 - 2.4 cm.

With myopia, this indicator sometimes increases to 3 cm. With an increase in the length of the eyeball by 1 mm, the degree of myopia increases by 3 diopters. Due to the fact that the focus of the rays does not fall on the light-sensitive part of the retina, all objects appear blurred.

The main cause of myopia is an increase in the size of the eyeball. Sometimes blurred vision is caused by damage to the structures of the eye. A person with myopia sometimes has an increased curvature of the lens.

What happens to the eyes

Myopia is associated with an increase in the size of the eyeball. In turn, this leads to the stretching of the retina. Pathological changes in the fundus occur.

Sometimes, with myopia, the lens undergoes pathological changes. Its curvature increases and the light rays are focused in front of the reticular membrane. The ability to clearly see distant objects is reduced.

An ophthalmological examination reveals an increased size of the eyeball. A myopic cone is formed in the form of a clearly demarcated sickle. With myopia, damage to the macula develops - the central point of the retina. Choroidal neovascularization develops with severe myopia.

These pathologies are dangerous in that they do not always have characteristic symptoms. Only a doctor can detect them. The likelihood of blindness increases if a person does not see a doctor or tries to fit glasses on their own. Their independent selection is

Features of visibility at night with myopia

At night, the contrast of the image is significantly reduced. In low light conditions, the gaze is focused on closer objects. This leads to increased symptoms of myopia. Visual acuity decreases at night, which leads to additional inconvenience.

In conditions of reduced illumination, a person's pupil dilates. In this case, spherical aberration appears, due to which the rays passing through the pupil are focused in front of the retina. In the myopic eye, image clarity is reduced. Thus, at night, a myopic person sees only silhouettes of objects.

Appointment of stronger glasses for night illumination is impractical. Corrective lenses cannot provide normal vision due to the nature of light perception. The risk of being blinded by bright light increases. The adaptation of a myopic eye in poor lighting conditions is much slower.

With myopia, a person very poorly sees objects located in the distance. Adequate correction of this deficiency with negative lenses helps to improve visibility. Self-selection of glasses contributes to further deterioration of vision.

See how people with myopia see:

How does a nearsighted person see? What's going on with his eyes? You will find answers to these and other questions in the article. Nearsightedness is a dangerous visual disorder that people knew about as early as the fourth century BC. Aristotle himself called this anomaly "myopia", which translated from Greek means "squint". As a nearsighted person sees it is described in the article.

Myopia

Few know how a nearsighted person sees. When myopia occurs, the individual begins to poorly distinguish between various objects placed further than at arm's length. In accordance with medical statistics, myopia is a particularly common ailment among patients aged 10 years and older. The number of such people is growing every year.

As a rule, myopia begins to progress from 7 to 13 years old and can remain at the last level or further develop, worsening a person's vision every year more and more.

Causes of occurrence

Do you know how nearsighted people see? The photo presented in the article demonstrates the ability of their visual system.

Myopia appears due to such reasons:

• Hereditary predisposition.
• An active period of growth, causing a sharp stretching of the muscles of the fundus.
• Head injuries sustained during childbirth.
• Excessive workload at school.
• Long time in front of TV, computer, tablet, smartphone.
• Long reading books without good lighting.

What happens to the eyes?

Many people ask the question: "How does a nearsighted person see?" It is known that a healthy individual with 100% vision is very rare. Indeed, due to various factors, almost all people have slightly impaired vision.

How does a healthy person see objects? The rays reflecting from them pass through the optical structure of the eye and focus the picture on the retina. With myopia, the rays are focused in front of the retina, so the image reaches it already in a blurry form. This happens only when a visually impaired person looks into the distance. As a result, it allows parallel beams of light to hit the retina.

It is important to know that the rays emanating from objects placed close are not parallel, but slightly diverge from each other. This nuance allows the shortsighted person to see them better. After all, after refraction, the picture appears exactly on the retina of the eye. Now you know why people with myopia see poorly in the distance and well in the vicinity.

Distorted image

Usually, a distorted picture does not reach the retina or appears on it in an unnatural form due to:

• Disorders of the optical structure of the eye, which leads to excessive refraction of the rays.
• Transformations of the shape of the eyeball (with myopia, the muscles of the fundus of the eye relax, which makes the eye longer).

It should be noted that sometimes the same individual has both versions of an eye disorder.

What do they see?

So how do shortsighted people see the world? This question is not easy to answer. Imagine that you cannot concentrate on an object and see it blurry, noticing only outlines. A similar effect can be compared to setting up a camera on a smartphone. Indeed, at this moment, at first, the picture turns out to be soapy or cloudy. Also, when watching a film, the character in the foreground is clearly visible, and the background is blurred, and the viewer can only distinguish the silhouettes of objects located behind the character.

This is how the myopic people see the world around them without the use of glasses. Well, if the patient puts on the glasses prescribed by the attending doctor, he will improve his vision and will be able to see everything around him in its natural form.

This effect is achieved using optical lenses placed in the frame. They pass light rays through themselves in the correct form. As a result, the resulting image appears directly on the retina.

In addition, optical lenses cause the muscles of the eye to tense up, which makes the patient see better. Do you want to suffer from loss of sight? Observe the basic rules for its preservation and contact your optometrist in time.

Vision minus 2

Let us find out how a short-sighted person sees at minus 2. In reality, people with this degree of myopia do not experience significant discomfort. A person can easily see objects placed 1.5 m away from him. He can also easily distinguish the contours of objects located a little further. With this severity, the degree of myopia is considered weak.

A person can write and read, work at a computer, navigate in space without using glasses. True, such myopia is accompanied by blurring of objects placed at a distance, a feeling of tension in the eye muscles, and headaches.

If you have these symptoms, make an urgent visit to the ophthalmologist. An experienced doctor examines you, excluding the development of various parallel pathological processes.

A decrease in vision to minus two occurs for the following reasons:

• weakness of the tissues of the sclera;
• genetic predisposition;
• eye-strain;
• mechanical damage to the eye;
• weakness of accommodation;
• violation of visual hygiene.

Lack of vitamins or pathology of the vascular system often lead to myopia.

Today, minus 2 vision is increasingly common in adolescents. This is caused by spending a long time at the PC. Very often in such cases deceiving myopia develops. To recreate the visual function, it is enough to perform specific exercises and observe a rest regimen.

Vision minus 3

And how does a nearsighted person see at minus 3? With this vision, mild myopia is usually diagnosed. This violation is caused by the creation of a picture by the visual optical system not on the retina, but in front of it (as we discussed above). Therefore, any distant objects appear blurry to a person.

Doctors say that the more neglected the form of myopia, the worse the visibility. This can happen for a variety of reasons. Usually, minus 3 vision appears due to muscle weakening. Today experts identify several degrees of myopia:

1. Weak - up to minus three.
2. Average - up to minus six.
3. High - reaches minus 20.

In the first case, the membranes of the eyeball stretch and become thinner. This process negatively affects the vessels that feed the corresponding structures. Microcirculation inside the organ is disturbed.

It should be understood that vision minus three is not a sentence. Today, ophthalmologists use laser, optical, drug therapies, or hardware functional treatment, which can successfully get rid of myopia. This well-known ophthalmologic disorder can occur at any age. It is important to go to the clinic on time and start treatment.

Vision minus 5

How does a nearsighted person see at minus 5? Recall that this is the average degree of myopia. At minus five, a person sees everything that is located at a distance of ten meters from him, as in a fog, indistinctly. He weakly sees the size and color of objects, fixes that they are moving.

Often, an individual with such vision at a distance does not recognize acquaintances, because he cannot see the features of their faces. Rather, recognition occurs by voice. This is why people with visual impairments usually have increased hearing. It should be noted that two people who have an identical visual diagnosis (for example, myopia -5) may see differently. One more clearly captures the shape and size of an object at a distance, the other - shades of color.

The answer to the question "How does a nearsighted person see at minus 4?" in this case it is identical. After all, this indicator also applies to the average degree of myopia.

To correct an ophthalmic disorder, diffusing lenses or glasses are required. Such devices transfer the display of objects directly to the retina, as it should be with

By the way, at a short distance (30 cm from the eyes), myopic people may well embroider without glasses, read, knit. But here it is important to avoid prolonged muscle strain.

The factors for the development of myopia at an early stage are:

• heredity;
• mechanical damage to the eye (injuries, bruises, foreign objects in the eye);
• excessive visual stress;
• loss of tone by the tissues of the organ of vision;
• low ability of the visual apparatus to focus on differently distant objects (poor accommodation).

General weakness of the body, a lack of vitamins in the diet can be a prerequisite for the development of myopia. Children under the age of 17 who spend a lot of time at the computer are at risk.

Under the influence of these negative factors, the so-called false myopia progresses, which is corrected by changes in the mode of work and rest, gymnastics for the eyes, additional vitamin and mineral complexes.

Stretching of the membranes of the optic organ, which results in a decrease in vision, leads to a violation of the microcirculation of the eye. The cause of myopia is often a hereditary predisposition.

Congenital myopia is characterized by an abnormality of the eyeballs that are larger than normal. In this situation, the genetic factor plays an important role: if one or both parents had myopia, then the child can also be born with this pathology.

The consequence of myopia can be detachment of the retina, the end result of which is often complete blindness.

There are several stages of myopia, which are formed according to the degree of visual impairment.

• weak - up to minus 3 D;
• medium - from minus 4 to minus 6 D;
• high - from minus 7 to minus 20 D.

Vision minus 3 is characterized by the stretching of the membranes of the eyeball itself, which, in turn, leads to their thinning.

Of course, this process negatively affects the vessels responsible for the nutrition of these structures. Microcirculation inside the organ is disturbed.

Types of correction and treatment of myopia

To eliminate myopia, the following methods are used:

• a prescription for glasses, contact lenses, or a referral for surgery;
• complex gymnastics, which helps to train the muscles that change the curvature of the lens;
• with the existing prerequisites for a further change in the geometric dimensions of the eyeball, scleroplasty, an operation that helps to strengthen the sclera, is performed.

As a rule, after the implementation of laser correction, the clarity of the gaze returns to patients during the day. The only thing is that it is contraindicated for persons under the age of 30, it is believed that it is by this date that the development of the disease stabilizes. At the weak stages of the disease, patients are prescribed prophylactic drops, a complex of vitamins and minerals, and gymnastics for the eyes.

Treatment method for myopia grade 3

Power	Description
Weak	Indicators of vision minus 3 diopters. It is a sign of blurring images in the distance.
Average	From minus 3.5 to minus 6 diopters. In addition to a decrease in visual function, dystrophic disorders occur in the fiber, stretching and thinning of blood vessels is observed
High	Visual acuity below minus 6 diopters. It is characterized by the development of serious pathological processes of the visual system: thinning of blood vessels and fiber. At this stage, a person retains the ability to see fingers at arm's length, but when reading, vision deteriorates markedly

Some unscrupulous ophthalmologists suggest combating grade 3, as well as grade 1, saying that the nature of the disease is the same, and it is only appropriate to increase the intensity of remedial measures.

2 Symptoms of myopia

The manifestation of deviations from normal functioning is similar at all stages of the pathology:

• eye fatigue after prolonged exertion (driving a car, reading, etc.);
• difficulty focusing on distant objects;
• tension of the visual apparatus;
• headache.

Depending on the stage of development of the pathology, the listed symptoms can be expressed with varying degrees of intensity, but in any case they indicate the need to visit the ophthalmologist's office and conduct a thorough examination and use of therapy methods.

Diagnostics

The exact degree of myopia is established after reviewing the results of the following studies:

• eye examination according to special tables;
• study of the fundus, feeding blood vessels and the refractive power of the visual apparatus;
• ultrasound analysis (the thickness of the cornea and the length of the eye are determined);

Anatomical myopia

Pathology is predetermined by the altered shape, in most cases, elongated, of the eyeball. Which is an incorrect convergence of the rays at a point to the surface of the retina, despite the attempts of the lens to influence the correct focus. It is of a hereditary nature and develops from a young age.

Patients with this form of pathology must wear glasses, since refusing them will lead to even greater muscle tension and stretching of the eye body. In especially advanced cases, they resort to surgical intervention for treatment.

Accommodative myopia

This type of myopia is caused by atrophy of the eye muscle, which, by its contraction, changes the shape of the lens. If it is weakened, it cannot compress the natural lens properly, and as a result, the focus point of light is located in front of the retinal surface.

It is more susceptible to children, in whom the development of the muscular system of the eye occurs with a certain lag. Or atrophy is caused by overstrain of the visual apparatus, under the influence of external factors, such as reading in the twilight, excessive enthusiasm for gadgets and computers.

This type of pathology is treated with regular eye gymnastics, proper diet, rest and relaxation of the visual apparatus.

A decrease in vision with an indicator of minus three most often begins in children at an early age. By the end of puberty, the disease stops progressing, and vision is restored on its own.

Sometimes myopia continues to develop, which often ends with the development of malignant myopia.

To avoid negative consequences, it is desirable to stop the decrease in vision at the beginning of the pathological process. Usually, with indicators of -3, it is assigned:

• Optical vision correction by wearing specially selected glasses. They should not be worn all the time, but a certain number of hours.
• Eye drops. The purpose of their use is to relieve muscle tension and normalize metabolic processes. For this diagnosis, the following are used: Cyclomed, Tropicamide, Irifrin, etc.
• Apparatus treatment in order to normalize blood supply, increase muscle tone, restore the retina and improve the condition of nerve fibers.

With mild myopia, patients are shown to engage in amateur sports or physical education. Moderate physical activity improves blood circulation and vitality, which most favorably affects the condition of the eye apparatus.

Mild myopia or vision up to minus 3 inclusive develops at an early stage of growing up, especially if the pathology is hereditary. In this case, progressive myopia slows down its condition by the end of adolescence, when puberty is already ending.

Further deterioration of the condition is possible only with a malignant form of the disease. Therefore, it is very important to start treatment on time so as not to start the situation.

Vision indications

From childhood, when we found ourselves at an appointment with an ophthalmologist, we were accustomed to a percentage scale indicating the sharpness of the visual sight:

• 100% excellent,
• 90-75% is good;
• 74 - 60 - satisfactory,
• less than 60% is bad.

This interpretation is more understandable for patients, but does not carry specific information for specialists. Today, another additional scale has been developed, indicating the power of diopters, which should correct a certain severity.

We focus on the fact that with the same severity of amblyopia (for example, 0.6 or 60%), diopters of different powers can be prescribed to patients, therefore it is not possible to tie a certain percentage to the diopter.

Conventionally, ophthalmic health indicators can be divided into several categories:

• 1 - excellent;
• 1.5 - 2 - good;
• 2 - 4 satisfactory;
• 4 - 7 - bad;
• More than 7 is very bad.

This scale can be adjusted depending on the specificity of the disease.

When you make an appointment with an ophthalmologist, they will tell you which field "" or "-" suits you best and, accordingly, prescribe the correct treatment.

Today we will talk about what to do if the vision is 9. If your personal medical record says "vision 9", then "how is it?" - now we will tell you. If we speak in Russian literary language, the patient does not see what is happening after 10 meters, but clearly realizes what is happening directly at arm's length.

Looking at the above categories, we say with confidence that the patient has very big problems and it is simply impossible to do without surgical intervention, prolonged drug treatment and constant inpatient support.