Alphabet. English letters and sounds studying english transcription for children

22.05.2021

Hee, Folks! In today's article, consider sounds in English. Let us discuss how to better teach the transcription of sounds to children, which associates can be used to explain sounds, consider examples of letters and sounds in transcription.

There are 24 letters in English, but these letters are capable of transmitting 46 different sounds. Almost every letter can transmit several sounds. Environmental, isn't it?

Starting from the 1st or 2nd class, the child starts himself a dictionary where English words with translation and transcription is written. Then these words must be learned. Writing the Word and the translation is not so difficult, but how to explain the child all the nuances of pronunciation of sounds in English and writing them in transcription?

Today we will try to figure it out.

How best to teach the transcription of sounds for children

We propose to start learning English sounds with the help of risks and a song. They will help the child in a relaxed atmosphere to get acquainted with new letters and sounds.

The more often your child will listen and pronounce letters and sounds, the faster he will remember the correct pronunciation.

Here are examples of some video:

Also in studying sounds can help associations, especially if we are talking about sounds that are difficult to pronounce.

We select Association

ʊ - Short [y] - very similar to the "Horseshoe" icon.
æ - Wide [e] - wide open mouth and say "e".
ŋ - [n] - a funny sound, which is similar to the elephant from the cartoon "38 parrots". It must be said "n", but "in the nose", as if you have a runny nose.
r. - [P] - English "P" is not like our. In Russian, the language seems to be trembling in the mouth. In English, the tongue "wraps" the tip back, to a soft nebu.
w. - [U] / [B] - there is no such sound either in Russian. First, pull the lips, trying to say "y", but then the lips should be like a "spring", not climbing and returning to a smile. Recall how you say "WOW!".

ð - Interdental [s].
θ - Interdental [s].

To remember the last couple of sounds, the child can be told a fairy tale:

"There was a little bunny (our language). But he was very gracious, so he sat in a mink all the time (in the mouth). But one day he dared to stick out of the mink the most tip of the nose (we wake the tip of the tongue between the teeth). At first he said Tikonko [ θ ], and then loudly [ ð ].

e. - Narrow [e] - it looks like the Russian "E" without "th". When pronouncing, mouth open quite a bit.
ə - Deaf [e] - deaf, slightly "squeezed" sound, very short and almost indistinguishable. When you say the word "milk", for example, then approximately this sound you pronounce on the site of the first "O".
ɜ - The average [e] is read as the letter "E" in the word "ice".
j. - [th] - it is very important not to be confused with the letter "j" ("Jay"). In transcription, this symbol means not at all what the letter.

Table of sounds with examples

Sound	Examples
	box, Table, About, Black, Abnormal, Brother
	ready, Leader, Dog, Road, Fiddle, Dry
	fill, Fast, Photo, Life, Left, Friend
	cat, Key, America, School, NECK, DOCTOR
	lIP, LOOK, LIFE, LATE, SMALL, PLAY
	my, Milk, Smell, Man, Him, Sum
[ŋ /n.]	lONG, SONG, BRING, SINGER, WIN, RAN
	pen, Peace, Part, Happy, Help, Lip
	some Start, Center, City, Cycle
	talk, TELL, LITTLE, TEA, WATER, CAT
	river, Oven, Never, View, Very, Visit
	zOOM, ZEBRA, ZIP, PUZZLE, BUZZ
	them, Them, Thaner, Bathe
	thick, Theme, Thin, Myth, Tenth
	wool, Woe, Wait, Well, Wheel, With
	Jim, Jill, June, Danger, Gym
	add, Bad, Map, Family, Plan, Narrow
	bus, Duck, Dull, Fund, Love, Come, Luck
	far, Gar, Palm, Calm, Father, Garden
	pIN, PIT, IT, LIP, FILL, TIP
	leave, Meel, Peel, Seen, Neat
	bOX, GOT, POT, BOTHER, ODD, OFTEN
	wall, Stall, Talk, Call, Solt, Raw
	sTOOD, HOOD, FOOT, LOOSE, ROOM
	pen, Bed, Tent, Egg, Desk, End
	bird, Girl, First, Learn, Turn

If you find it difficult to understand the pronunciation of sounds, then there is transcription with simplified pronunciation rules for beginners.

Consonant sounds in English

Consonants They are pronounced vigorously, tensely and abruptly.

Table: consonant sounds



	[s] Cops Language on Alveola
	[h] Cumshots in Alveola
	weak [x], light exhalation
	[p] with a breath

	[t] Cumshots in Alveoloch,
	[D] Cops Language on Alveola
	[K]


	[H] Cops Language on Alveoloch
	[L] Cops Language on Alveola
	[Р] Cumshots of the language on Alveoli, but does not concern the nose (without vibration)
	lips "in the tube", sharply dismiss, as [UA], only a single sound
	interdental deaf, similar to [s] (bite a little bit)
	interdental ringing, similar to [s] (a little bite the language)
	[n], sound as it turns out through the nose ([ng] "in the nose")
	middle between [Sh] and [Shch]
	soft [F], almost [zh]

	soft [J], almost [jy], like a single sound
	weak [th]

Major sounds in English

Vowels sounds Divide on:

seven short vowels (i, o, u, ʌ, e, ə, æ);
five long vowels (I:, ɑ :, ɔ:, u :, ə :);
eight diftongi (Eɪ, ɑɪ, ɔɪ, AU, əU, Uə, ɪɪ, ɛɛ);
and triphyton (Aiə, Auə, Juə, ...).

Table: vowels

	brief [and], the sound between [and] and [s]
	brief [o]
	brief [y], lips are not in the "tube", but slightly rounded
	a]
	brief
	unstressed [E]
	average between [e] and [a]
	long [and]
	long [
	long [o]
	long [y], lips are not in the "tube", but slightly rounded
	long sound between [E] and [E]










	long [y]

Conclusion

We hope that this article will help you explain to the child how to correctly pronounce sounds in English.

Pronounce words correctly, say beautifully. To do this, read more, listen, talk and sing in English. Make Your Russian Fly!

Big and Friendly Family EnglishDom

Sounds of English - This is not an easy and fairly bulky topic that will require you perfection and patience. In order for you to be easier and quickly learn this step, I suggest you work with english sounds in the table. If you remember, then in the British system of pronunciation of 44 sounds, it is with them we will work. With the peculiarities of American pronunciations can be found in a separate article. For convenience, the table is divided into separate theoretical blocks in which it is described how to pronounce one or another sound.

Before starting work, be sure to read the following information:

In British English 44 sounds:

24 consonants:

paired, bell and deaf:
/ B / - / P /, / Z / - / S / / D / - / T /, / V / - / F /, / Dʒ / - / Tʃ /, / ʒ / - / ʃ /, / Ð / - / θ /, / g / - / k /
unpaired, ringing and deaf:
/ L /, / m / r /, / w /, / h /, / ŋ /

With consonants, everything is more or less clear: pair - unpaired, ringing - deaf. From the school course of phonetics of the Russian language, we know about these categories. We also know that in Russian, consonants can be soft and solid. In English, the concept of softness and hardness of consonant sounds is absent. There is a concept of palatalization - mitigate consults in position to some vowels, by raising the back of the tongue to solid nebu. What, actually, the difference? The thing is that in Russian, the softness and hardness of consonant sounds affects the semantic meaning of the word. Compare: "Empty" - "Let", "Won" - "Snor", "Weight" - "All". In English, mitigating consonant sounds does not affect the meaning of words, but is only the result of a mechanical change to sound in the speech stream.

20 vowels:

closed, long and short:
/ uː /, / ʊ / / ʊ /
medium-open, long and short:
/ E / / ɔː /, / ə /, / ɔː /
open, long and short:
/æ/, /ʌ/, /ɑː/, /ɒ/
difthongs:
/ Eɪ /, / Aɪ /, / ɔɪ /, / ɪɪ /, / Eə /, / ʊʊ /

With vowels a little more complicated: closed, open, medium-open. What is it about? On the position of the tongue in the oral cavity. When pronouncing open vowels, lies low in the oral cavity and does not concern the nose. Say a Russian sound / A /, which is open and pay attention to the fact that the language is low in the oral cavity. When pronouncing closed vowels, the language is very close to the neba. Say a Russian sound / and /, which is closed and note that the language bends the back like kitten and the back is almost touched by a solid snub. When pronouncing medium-open, the language occupies an intermediate position. Say a Russian sound / e /, which is medium-open and remember the position of the language. Long and short vowels. What is it about? On the duration of pronouncing sound. Long sounds sound longer than short. The longitude of sound in English transcription is referred to as a dying sign, for sound sign / Iː /, / ɜː /, / ɑː /, / ɔː /. Difthongs. What is it? This sound consisting of two vowel sounds, the first diefthong element sounds shock, and the second is weak. Well, now you can proceed to work on english sounds in the table.

/æ/	Open your mouth in order to pronounce Russian sound / a /, but pronounce sound / e /. To avoid the error of the type of Russian sound / e /, the mouth should be wider, the tip of the tongue remains at the lower teeth. In case of an error of the type of Russian sound / and /, press the tip of the tongue to the lower teeth and wider open the mouth. (open, short)
/ɪ/	Open your mouth in order to pronounce Russian sound / and /, but at the same time we try to pronounce sound / s /. To avoid the error of the type of Russian sound / and /, it is not necessary to raise the language too high, you must slightly pull it back and cut the sound. With the error of the Russian / s error / language, it is necessary to move forward, stretch the lips and cut the sound as much as possible. (closed, short)
/ E /	Send the Russian words "Mel", "Greet", "Stump", "Cedar". I remember as the letter "e" when pronouncing sounds in these words and use as sound / e / in English. With the error of the type of Russian / e /, it is necessary to open the mouth less, the lips slightly stretch and promote the language forward. (medium-open, short)
/ɒ/	I pronounce Russian sound / o /, but at the same time do not pull the lips forward. In the event of a Russian-type error / O / follows, the mouth is wider, lower and push the tongue, rounding the lips, do not pull them forward and slightly cut the sound. (open, short)
/ʊ/	I say the Russian sound / y /, but at the same time I wipe the back of the tongue, almost touching them with a solid nose and do not pull the lips ahead. Lips are slightly rounded. In the event of an error of the type of Russian vowel / y /, which is open sound, follow the position of the language, seeking the closedness of the sound and do not pull the lips forward. (closed, short)
/ b /	Practically correspond to the Russian sound / b /, but when pronouncing in the end of the word, unlike Russian sound, it is practically not stunned. Compare "Oak" - / DUK / and "BOB" - / BOB /.
/ p /	Looks like a Russian sound / n /, but pronounced deaf. The deaf sound is obtained as a result of the silence. That is, the blurring of the lips as it would exhale, and does not happen with the explosion. The sound is a bit resemble / PF / or / PC /. In addition, in the end of words, English / p / sounds strong, and not weakening as Russian / n /.
/ G /	It looks like a Russian sound / g /, but it sounds less angry at the beginning of words and is practically not stunned at the end of words.
/ k /	Looks like a Russian sound / to /, but it sounds energetic and pronounced with a swim. The sound is a bit remindes / kf / or / kh /.
/ D /	I pronounce the Russian sound / d /, but at the same time we touch the tongue of the tongue not the upper teeth, but we put it on the alveoli (hillocks on a solid nose, behind the upper teeth). Unlike the Russian consonant / d / English / d / at the end of words, it is degraded in part.
/ t /	I pronounce the Russian sound / t /, but at the same time tongue tongue concern not to the upper teeth, but we put it on the alveoli (hillocks on a solid nose, behind the upper teeth). English deaf consonant / T / stronger Russian / t / and pronounced with a swim. The sound as a result resembles a little / TF / or / TX /.
/ N /	I say the Russian sound / N /, but at the same time we touch the tongue of the tongue not the upper teeth, but we put it on the alveoli (buccorks on a solid nose, behind the upper teeth).
/ h /	Reminds Russian sound / x /, but pronounced not vigorously with an explosion, but represents only light exhale. It is found only before vowels. In case of error of the type of Russian / x /, it is necessary to weaken the consonant to light exhalation.

PIG, PET, PUT, POT, PAN - / Pɪɡ /, / PET / PʊT / PɒT / PɒN /

big, Ben, Book, Bog, Ban - / Bɪɡ /, / Ben /, / BʊK /, / Bɒɡ /, / BæN /

dIG, DEN, HOOD, DOG, BAD - / Dɪɡ /, / DEN /, / HʊD /, / Dɒɡ /, / BæD /

tIP, TEN, TOOK, TOP, TAP - / TɪP /, / TEN /, / TʊK /, / TɒP /, / TæP /

get, Gig, Good, God, Gap - / ɡet /, / ɡɪɡ /, / ɡʊd /, / ɡɒd /, / ɡɡp /

kit, Ken, Cook, Cod, Cap - / Kɪt /, / Ken /, / Kæp / / Kɒd /, / Kæp /

NICK, NET, NOOK, NOT, NAT - / NɪK /, / NET /, / NʊK /, / NɒT /, / NæT /

hIT, HEN, HOOK, HOT, HAM - / HɪT / / HɒT /, / HæM /

Do not strive to work out everything at once. Yes, you will not succeed, since the amount of work with sounds is designed for several astronomical watches, at a minimum. Work out the theory on blocks, be sure to exercise at the end of the block. The main thing in learning language is regular. It is better to work for 15-20 minutes every day than for 2-3 hours once a week.

Pay attention to the pronouncement of long vowels and utter consonant sounds that do not have analogues in Russian.

/ɑː/	I pronounce Russian sound / and /, but at the same time pull out the tip of the tongue from the lower teeth as much as possible back, the lips do not strain the lips. With the error of the type of Russian / and /, it is necessary to pull the tongue back and slightly lengthen the vowel and do not open the mouth too wide. (Open, Long)
/ɔː/	I pronounce Russian sound / o /, but at the same time pulling away the tip of the tongue from the lower teeth as far as possible back, the lips do not strain and do not pull forward. With the error of the type of Russian / o /, it should be achieved more open pronunciation not to pull the lips forward. Compared to English / ɑː / sound / ɔː / less open. (Open, Long)
/ Uː /	Send a Russian sound / y /, but at the same time do not pull the lips ahead, the lips round, but do not strain. In the process of pronouncing sound / U: / Pull the tip of the tip from the lower teeth as far backwards. In the event of a Russian-type error / y / follows, first of all, make sure that the lips are rounded, but not elongated forward. (closed, long)
/ L /	I pronounce Russian sound / l /, but at the same time put the tip of the language on the alveoli (tubercles on a solid nose). English Sound / L / has two sounds: solid (at the end of words and before consonants) sounds softer russian / l / l / soft (before vowels and in front of the consonant sound / j /) sounds firmly soft Russian / l "/
/ m /	I pronounce Russian sound / m /, but at the same time stronger straining the lips.
/ R /	We are preparing to pronounce Russian sound / w /, but trying to say Russian sound / r /. In order to pronounce the sound, correctly follow the tick of the tongue to be behind alveoli (tubercles on a solid nose), while they did not touch them, remained tense and fixed.
/ w /	There is no similar sound in Russian. Restantly similar to Russian sound / UA /. In order to pronounce this sound, pull the lips ahead as to utterate the Russian sound / y /, while the lips are tense and rounded, in this position we will try to quickly utter the Russian sound / B /. In the case of a Russian type error / in / in ensuring that the lower lip does not come into contact with the upper teeth and the upper lip. In the event of an error of the type of Russian / s / even more straighten and round the lips.
/ŋ/	There is no similar sound in Russian. To properly pronounce this sound, we press the back of the language to the soft coat and try to pronounce Russian sound / N /. In the event of a Russian / N / N / wider error, open the mouth and follow the tip of the tongue to do not touch the upper teeth or alveoli, and was located at the roots of the lower teeth.
/ V /	Practically corresponds to Russian sound / B /. English / V / sounds weaker than Russian / in /, but at the end of words practically does not stun.
/ f /	Practically corresponds to English sound / f /. English / f / sounds stronger than Russian / f /, especially at the end of words
/ z /	Practically corresponds to Russian sound / s /. But it sounds weaker. At the end of words, it is almost never stunning.
/ s /	Practically corresponds to Russian sound / s /. But it sounds much more energetic.
/ð/	There is no similar sound in Russian. In order to correctly pronounce this sound, we have a tip of the tongue between the upper and lower front teeth and try to pronounce Russian sound / s /. At the end of the words, this English calling consonant almost does not stun. In the event of a Russian / s / s / w on an error that the tip of the tongue is not hidden for the teeth. In the event of an error of the type of Russian / d / watches, the language is not pressed against the upper teeth, there should be a small slot between the tongue tip and the upper teeth. In the event of a Russian type error / in / in ensuring that the lower lip is lowered.
/θ/	There is no similar sound in Russian. In order to correctly pronounce this sound, we have a tip of the tongue between the upper and lower front teeth and try to pronounce Russian sound / s /. In case of error of the type of Russian / s / watches, the tip of the tongue is not hidden for the teeth. In the case of an error of the type of Russian / t / watches that the language is not pressed against the upper teeth, there should be a small slot between the tongue and the upper teeth. In the case of the error of the Russian / F / E behalf, so that the lower lip is lowered.

lARK, LOOK, LIPS, LAST - / LɑːK /, / LʊK /, / LɪPS /, / LɑːST /

mood, Moon, Mask, MAST - / MUːD /, / MUːN /, / MɑːSK /, / MɑːST /
rude, Red, Rock, Room - / RUːD /, / RUD /, / RɒK /, / RUːM /
what, WHEN, WELL, WOOL - / WɒT /, / WL /, / WL / WʊL /
sing, Sink, Wink, Pink - / Sɪŋ /, / SɪŋK /, / WɪŋK /, / PɪŋK /
zip, Zink, Zing, ZOO - / ZɪP /, / ZɪŋK /, / Zɪŋ /, / ZUː /
silky, Swim, Sick, Soon - / Sɪlki /, / SWɪM /, / SɪK /, / SUːN /
vase, Voodoo, Vest, Vast - / vɑːz /, /Vuː.Duː/, / Vest /, / VɑːST /
farm, Fool, Food, Fast - / FUːD /, / FUːL /, / FUːD /, / FɑːST /
thin, Think, Threat, Theft - / θɪn /, / θɪŋk /, / θret /, / θeft /
this, The, Then, Them - / ɪɪS /, / ðəm /
four, Store, Fork, Door - / Fɔː /, / Stɔː /, / FɔːK /, / Dɔː /

If you read these lines, then you have worked for the first two blocks and as many as 50% of this hard topic have been successfully learned by you. Take my congratulations and allow you to praise you for diligence, hard work and patience! After all, it is precisely the qualities that will lead you to triumph on the way of mastering English. Getting Started on the Third Block english sounds in the table, do not forget that "the repetition is the mother of teachings." Therefore, be sure to return to the blocks passed and not be lazy to repeat them!

Pay attention to the pronouncement of neutral sound / ə /, long voice sounds, difthongs.

/ə/	There is no similar sound in Russian. Send the Russian words "mint", "guys", "Volodya", the sound of the letter "I" in these words remotely reminds English sound / ə /, only sounds unboundless, weakly, fuzzy, almost imperceptibly. In case of an error of the type of Russian unstressed / / as in the word "summer" - / l "" but/, lift the whole language entirely to solid nebu. (medium-open, short)
/ɜː/	There is no similar sound in Russian. Send the Russian words "Pilla", "Tel", "Möl", the sound of the letter "E" in these words remotely reminds English Sound / s: /. When pronouncing this sound, follow the tip of the tongue to be at the lower teeth, the distance between the upper and lower teeth was maintained slightly, the lips are not stretched, we achieve their neutral position. (medium-open, long)
/ Iː /	Restantly reminds Russian sound "Ii" in the words "strong", "Tagged", "rare". Two-level sound, i.e. Sounds inhomogeneously in the initial position and the ultimate. In the initial position, the language is in the front of the oral cavity, the tip of the language concerns the lower teeth, the middle part of the tongue is raised high to a solid nebu, the lips are somewhat stretched. In the process of pronouncing, the language from the lower and retired back position moves to a higher and advanced forward position. (closed, long)
/ Eɪ /	A little resembles the Russian sound "Hey" in the words of "bold", "fun", "heating". The difthong core is medium-open, brief vowel sound / e /. After pronouncing the nucleus, the language makes a slight movement up in the direction of sound / ɪ /, without reaching, however, its full formation. It is impossible to allow the pronunciation of the sound of the Russian / y /. (diphthong)
/ Aʊ /	A little reminds Russian sound "AU" in the words "Round", "Bounty". In case of error of the type of Russian / AU / Watch that the second element be sorrowless and weakly. (diphthong)
/ Eə /	Difthong core - English medium-open short vowel / E /, second element - unstressed English vice / ə /. (diphthong)
/ʒ/	I say the Russian sound / w / but with it soften its sound.
/ʃ/	I pronounce Russian sound / w / but with it soften its sound.
/ j /	Looks like a Russian sound / y /, but is distinguished by a weaker pronunciation.

Pleasure, Treasure, Measure, Leisure - / Pleʒʒ /, / Treʒʒ /, / MEʒ /, / LEʒʒ /
should, Shame, Shirt - / ʃʊD /, / ʃEɪK /, / ʃEɪM /, / ʃɜːT /
yes, Yet, You, Your - / JES /, / JET /, / JU /, / Jə /
world, Work, Heard, Word, Bird - / WɜːLD /, / WɜːK /, / HɜːD /, / WɜːD /, / BɜːD /
nEVER, EVER, FEVER, River - / Nevə /, / EVə /, / FIːVə /, /R.Və/
sea, Eat, Beef, These, Beans - / Siː /, / Iːt /, / BiːNZ / / BIːNZ /
stay, Hey, Play, Hate, Game - / Step /, / Heɪ /, / Pleɪ /, / Heɪt /, / ɡeɪm /
how, Now, About, Round, Ground - / Haʊ /, / Naʊ /, / əbaʊt /, / raʊND /, / ɡRAʊND /
wear, Hair, Player, Repair, Theirs - / Weə / / Heə /, / Pleɪ /, / Rɪpeə / / Ðeəz /

Hooray! You have to master the last block english sounds in the table. And this means that very soon you will begin to easily read the transcription of English words in the dictionary and start with them an independent work in our word, which is designed to make it up and expanded your vocabulary.

Pay attention to the pronouncement of short sound / ʌ /, difthong, consonant sounds that do not have analog in Russian.

/ Dʒ /	There is no similar sound in Russian. A little resembles the Russian sound "JI". In order to prevent errors in the type of Russian "J", make sure that both components sound pony, and not separately as in the words "jam", "jazz". Get ready for the pronunciation of Russian sound / h /, but at the same time say "JI".
/ Tʃ /	Reminds Russian sound / h /, but sounds harder.
/ʌ/	Say a Russian sound / a /, but at the same time pull the tongue back, keep your mouth half-open, and the lips are neutral. In case of error of the type of Russian / A / language follows. English / ʌ / sounds more brief than Russian / a /. (open, short)
/ Aɪ /	A little reminds Russian sound "ah" in the words "Paradise", "Baikot". In the event of a Russian / ai error / make sure that the second element be sorrowed and weakly. (diphthong)
/ɔɪ/	A little reminds Russian sound "oh" in the words "fight", "hero". The difthong core is a cross between long / ɔː / and short / ɒ /. In the case of an error type / oh /, the first element of the diefthong is more open, and the second element is weakened. (diphthong)
/əʊ/	There is no similar sound in Russian. The difthong core is close for the sound to English / s: /. After pronouncing the kernel, the language makes a slight movement up and departs back in the direction of articulation [ʊ]. In case of error of the Type of Russian / OU / Do not pull the lips ahead. With the error of the type of Russian / EU / do not stretch the lips, round them. (diphthong)
/ɪə/	There is no similar sound in Russian. The difthong core is short vowel / ɪ /. After pronouncing the kernel, the language moves to the center in the / ə / direction. To avoid errors of the Russian / IA / E behalf, so that the second diefthong element sounds weakly. (diphthong)
/ʊə/	There is no similar sound in Russian. The difthong core is short vowel / ʊ /. After pronouncing the kernel, the language moves to the center in the / ə / direction. To avoid the error of the type of Russian / UA / do not get round and do not protrude your lips forward, make sure that the second element of the diefthong sounds weakly. (diphthong)

jug, Jog, Gem, General, Jeep - / Dʒʌɡ /, / Dʒɒɡ /, / DʒEM /, / DʒENRəL /, / DʒIP /
chest, Chair, Chain, Choose, Cheap - / Tʃest / / TʃEə /, / TʃEɪN /, / TʃUːZ /, / TʃiːP /
why, Tie, BUY, FLY - / WAɪ /, / TAɪ /, / BAɪ /, / FLAɪ /
boy, Toy, Joy, Voice, Employ - / ˌBɔɪ /, / Tɔɪ /, / Dʒɔɪ /, / VɔɪS /, /ɪmplo.ɪ/
near, Dear, Beer, Here, Gear - / Nɪɪ /, / Dɪɪɪ /, / Bɪɪ /, / Hɪɪ /, / ɡɪɡɪ /
pure, Sure, Tour, Cure, Lure - / PJʊʊ /, / ʃʊʃʊ /, / tʊʊ /, / kjʊʊ /, / Lʊʊ /
cUP, NUT, MUG, SUN, BUD - / KʌP /, / NʌT /, / Mʌɡ /, / SʌN /, / BʌD /

Congratulations on your successful learning english sounds in the table! Now you can move to the development of the second stage in the study of English phonetics. Namely, to learn the rules for verbal stress, the rules of ligament and reduction of sounds, which will be told in our next article.

It seemed impassable jungle with 26 dangerous predators hiding in the wilds. However, now you will certainly call and put all the letters in the correct order, and also flashes with several facts known to every philologist.

After reading this article, the theme of English transcription and pronunciation will be moved from the room of fear to the laughter room. Today in the program:

Getting rid of the fear of reading and learning graphic symbols
. Acquaintance, memorization and memorization of diphton, vowels and consonant sounds (classification of sounds), decorated in unique tables
. Pause for download and printing English transcriptions in pictures
. A clear and clear explanation of the use of English sounds by comparing them with Russian relatives
. Fastening the material passed by a 10-minute video about English transcription

Are you still afraid of you? Then we go to you!

Graphic transcription symbols in English

Before plunging into an English reading outer, we strongly recommend listening to the advice of experienced divers. Naturally, the child learns to sit first, and then walk and nothing on the contrary - the same thing is to us: first learn the transcription to read, and then pronounce (in my head or loud). It is not necessary to get involved in reading, otherwise you risk breaking into the debris of theory and take away from practice.

First you need to learn and clarify all the questions regarding each transcription symbol. Then listen online exactly as many examples as you need for a clear and clear idea how this symbol sounds in live speech. Learn strictly on the examples of the sounds that are not eliminated from the context of sounds (like Ryanovsky "Uh-uh" in the Hita "Umbrella"), and in a concrete lettering occurring in words. Further, listen to every new word first and only after checking the ears captured with an alphabetic transcription, concluded in square brackets. By the way, about them and other essential transcription satellites:

Square brackets. They sign up that inside - precisely transcription.
For example, English is a word, and ["ɪŋGLɪʃ] is its transcription;

‘ - Main stress. Put before the shock vowel: around [əraʊnd];

, - secondary emphasis. Put before vowel: ["hæmˌbɜːgə];

: - Longitude of the vowel.

The proposed version will seem at first glance not the fastest, but after all the wise mountain will not go - the wise mountain will bypass. As a result, the spent time is converted into the comfort of speech perception: no longer need to strenuously strain the rumor, trying to recognize unfamiliar sounds. And soon unfamiliar "barking" will acquire meaningful sound. Isn't it magnificent? This lies the secret not only the correct pronunciation, but also the ease of perception of speech on rumor.

English Transfiguration Foundation

Since "How great that we all gathered here today" about the study of transcription, let's get to know her closer. Transcription is two species: phonetic and phonumatic. You are mistaken if you think that they have been taught / you will teach a more familiar ear that is the phonetic transcription. She, as a rule, is interested in serious unusek and teresets of linguists, our choice is a learning background (sound linguistic units). Simply put, if two sounds are very similar, but the difference between them is able to change the meaning of the word, then they form two different phonemes. In Russian, this is not as noticeable, because Cat has been calling at least a "cat", even "kooooooh", he will still come, and the meaning of the word will not change. One phoneme on two different sounds. In English, the number will not pass: "Cot", "Caught" and "Coat" contain different phonemes. Why are there so many "smart letters"? To the fact that dictionaries contain transcriptions just a membrane, remember this and do not allow yourself to confuse:

Pope (dad, papal):
1) is a phonetic transcription, it is emphasized here that the first [p] is unlike the second pronounced with aspiration (aspiration after consonant sounds P, T, K before vowels);
2) - This is vocabulary (phonematic) transcription.

What else do you need to know about transcription? That there is a different syllable in it:

- Open (After the vowel, there is not a single consonant) - new
- Closed (after the vowel stands consonant) - York

- Vowel:single - [E], Dyfong - [ɔʊ], Trifongg - [ɑiə]
- Consult: [D]

Vowel sounds of English (with pronunciation online)

Public sounds in English less than consonants, but more than difthongs. This picture visually shows the difference, for example, between the sounds [i] and. Anyone who at least heard about the existence of imagination will distinguish the words "Fish" and "Tree", which like rebuses contain the mentioned sounds. You can reread the rules as you like, and you can study in more detail the transcription in pictures, which visualizes the examples of the use of sounds. To train the memory, you can download and even print the picture, this option is provided. For audials, it is possible to hear each sound online in the word after clicking on the speaker icon.

Agreements of English

The consonants in English at all brothers-twin brothers. The articulation of their creation is seriously different. However, we gathered here not to intimidate smart words, but on the contrary, it is easy to facilitate the life of novice engnings, therefore, they displaced the ringlets consonants in purple color, and the deaf in blue. When forming the same multiple number of nomensional names is very important to feel and know the difference. 24 new words serve as a bonus to the learned sounds. We train the visual memory and save the English traction in pictures to re-circuit at the first need! The audies are still pumped on the speaker icon under each letter for the pronunciation of sounds in transcription online.

Diphongs (double voice sounds) English

And it would be scary from the presence of 8 difthongs in English, if there were no miracle pictures, thanks to which the study turns into an entertaining breakdown of Sharad. It is enough to look at the drawing, delay the look, voice the difstong by pressing the speaker icon under the letter and practice in the right pronunciation. Everyone asking for a creative approach to the case Download a picture for a long memory is allowed!

From theory to practice
For some time, the dictionary will cover the thick layer of dust or will be removed from the bookmarks (in the electronic version), because the translation of the desired words is known, the sound is familiar - what else can you open America there? Do not believe it is the clarification of transcription as you seem to be well-known words - then the most unpaid field that is worth just to improve the sound of speech.

We give the life example: the frequently used word "REAL" have a phondematic transcription a), b) or c)?
The first option is fictional and erroneous, the second and third - the British and American manners of pronunciation. Morality of this fable?

In order for you to be painfully shameful for your reading, we recommend at least fluently to familiarize yourself with these tables as follows:
- We read the line from left to right;
- listening to the perfect sound pronunciation;
- We take a mirror in my hand and hardly train (you will probably like to train [æ] or [Ð]).

Table of English sounds similar to the Russian
These sounds in English transcription do not have to explain on the fingers.

Sound	Example	Explanations
[ɑː]	CAR, FAR, GARAGE	It sounds like a long AAA. Remember the cartoon about Mowgli, where was the wise kaa?
[ʌ]	Up, But, Love	Short sonor "A". Something similar in Russian "ah".
[ɔː]	More, Board, Floor	It sounds like a long "oo". Picture surprise.
[b]	Book, Board, Tab	Russian energetic "b". When you go on the corridor in the dark and suddenly stumble
[G]	Green, Grace, Agree	Russian "g", but not so energetic.
[f]	Forest, Atmosphere, Enough	Very energetic Russian "f".
[k]	KILL, CORD, SCHOOL	Russian "K". Before the impact vowels, pronounced with the silence (if you put a hand in front of the lips and say "Kil", then the palm should feel your fresh breath)
[M]	Mother, Lamb.	Russian "M".
[n]	Nine, Note, Intrusion	Russian "N".
[p]	Pub, Gallop, Open	Russian energetic "P". Before shocking vowels - with oxidation.
[v]	Vest, Vocal, Give	Russian "B".

Now consider in practice several tricky examples:

subtle - barely distinguishable
"Satle" and only so, no "Sabtl" with the drum "b" in the middle.

palm. - palm
Naturally, everyone wants to be under the palm tree, but here it does not smell. Not "Palm", not "by: lm", and "PA: M", as in "Car" and "Path". In the company with palm turn out calm - "Calm" and balm - "Balm".

halt - stop
Drink away an analogy with the German "Halt" - properly pronounced "Ho: Lt".

wON - won, won the past from "Win"
Wonderful if you say "WON" as and "ONE".

of - Preplee Accessories
Only the nerd takes my head to check the sound of the word consisting of two letters? Oh well. "OF" and no nails? Remember: "Of" pronounced with "B" at the end. Full form - [ɔv], reduced - [əv]. Always.

Table of English sounds having something common with Russian
These sounds cause the greatest temptation and at the same time danger: the relative similarity with the usual pronunciation in Russian threatens absolutely wrong sound. Share sufficient attention and understand the differences well.

Sound	Example	Explanations
[i]	Fit, Bit, Symbol	The average between "s" and "and". Pronounced very short, as at the end of "APCH".
	Cheese, Tree, SEA	The fact that photographers ask us to pronounce on camera. As in the Russian word "Syyr", but with a low smile.
[ɒ]	HOT, BODY, ROCK	The average between "O" and "A". That is, in no case can the Vologda "O".
[U]	Cook, Foot, Woman	It looks like a Russian short "y", but at the same time pronounced lighter and lips slightly stretched. It turns out as "y" with half jelly. No lips stretched into the tube.
	TRUE, FOOL, SHOES	As the previous sound, but long.
[E]	GET, BED, HEAD	Intelligent "E". As in the Russian word "tin".
[ə]	About, Until, Alias	The average between the unstressed "E" and "A".
[l]	Let, Laughter, Illegal	Softened Russian "l". Something among the sound of the word "la" and "la".
[s]	Stress, Sunday, Citizen	The muted Russian "C". He never whistles. Remember the song "Girl" from "Beatles"? Now if their famous inhalation "SSSSS" pronounce with exhalation and briefly, it will turn out beautiful English [s].
[z]	Zero, Cosmonaut, Xenon	All the same as the sound [s], only ringing.
[t]	Tree, Trunk, Receipt	Looks like a Russian "t". But the tip of the tongue needs to be put not to the teeth, but to the tubercle behind the upper teeth.
[D]	Drink, AD, Diligent	Similarly: as a Russian "d", only the tip of the language rests on the tuberculosis at once behind the upper teeth.
[ʃ]	Ship, Action, Special	Between Russian "sh" and "u". Not whistle, because The language does not rest with the power of the teeth, but gently touches them.
[ʒ]	Pleasure, Visual, Garage	Softened Russian "F." Does not ring and not whistle.
	Jump, Jungle, Logic	We connect English [d] with [ ʒ ] And we get soft "J".
	Inch, Chance, Catch	We connect English [t] with [ ʃ ] And we get something similar to Russian "h". As in the word "KITCH".
[J]	YES, YET, YOU	The average between "y" and "and".
[ɪə]	Hear, Fear, Beer	It looks like Russian "IE" with an emphasis on "and".
	Air, Hair, Care	Russian "EA" with an emphasis on "e".
	Make, Tray, Ace	Russian "EI" with an emphasis on "e". "And" is pronounced very short.
	HI, SKY, BYE	Russian "AI" with an emphasis on "A". "And" is pronounced very short.
[ɔɪ]	Boy, Joy, Coin	Russian "OI" with an emphasis on "A". "And" is pronounced very short.
	How, COW, HOUR, OUR	Russian "AU" with an emphasis on "A". "U" is pronounced very short.
	Fire, Wire.	Russian "Ayi" with a strong emphasis on the first "A". Pronounces quickly and psyras.
	OUR, Flower.	Russian "AUA" with a strong emphasis on the first "A". Pronounces quickly and psyras.

were - were
"WERE" is not exactly the same as "where". Instead of diefthong, we use neutral vowel -, abbreviated form -.

debt - Debt and Doubt - Doubt
The fans of the NO Doubt group had in stock for more than a dozen years to clarify how the name of the favorite group sounds correctly. "Debut" and "Daubt" are not so easy to say. In English there is no such Russian-speaking phenomenon as a stunning or sounding of the consonant, but the letter to throw their words for the cute soul: pronounced and.

good - Good, Book - Book and Look - Watch
Double "O" does not turn into long "y" in these words. Therefore, it is not worth copying the wolves to the moon - speak correctly with short vowels - ,,,.

Table of English sounds that do not have anything in common with Russian
Practice well in the utility of these sounds online, at least your speech machine must get used to their correct playback.

Sound	Example	Explanations
[ɜː]	Earn, Her, First	If Russian "O" wanted to become "E", then it would sound that way. Something looks like a sound when children tease, sticking out the language. But it is necessary to achieve this sound, without turning anywhere. For this, silently prepare the mouth to pronounce ё, and say out loud "oo".
[əu]	Go, Joke, Own	Between Russian "OU" and "You" (without "th") with an emphasis on the first sound. "U" is pronounced very short.
[æ]	Cat, Apple, Compact	It is very important not to confuse this sound with [E], otherwise instead of the "bad" (BAD) it turns out the "bed" (BED). It is necessary to stretch the lips wide, lower the lower jaw and say "e" from the heart.
[H]	HOT, HEAD, UPHILL	Each Russian man knows how to pronounce this sound. When you are asked "and well-ka", then all men begin to talk in English, because they say [H] exactly how it is necessary: \u200b\u200ba light exhale that remotely resembles "x".
[R]	Red, Random, Orange	Russian bears are well dominated by English [R]. Try to rush, reducing the tongue up.
[w]	WELL, WHAT, Windows	Fold the lips with a tube and stretch sharply. And now the same thing, but with sound.
[ŋ]	Strong, Sing, Sink	Children scold for talking to mouth stuffed. But if you listen to the sounds published, then there many consonants sound exactly how [ŋ] . Open your mouth and without closing it, say "n".
[θ]	Thanks, Ethic	Slide the language between your teeth and tell me "C".
[ð]	They, There, Other	Slide the language between your teeth and say "s." The best training is 100 times to say "Is This" expression. Never then confuse "s" with [ð].

folk - People's People
The letter "L" became a victim and not to pronounce at all -.

cOMB - Cottage
No "combo" is only "Coach". The English "M" and "B" is pretty cunning guys who are more than once a firewood. Be alert!

won't - will not - abbreviated from "Will Not"
Tried by the question, as the chitomuds of the British distinguish "Want" and "Won't" in oral speech? Just worth it to pronounce denial of time correctly -. That's all the magic.

salmon - Salmon
Not "Salmon" and certainly not "Solomon". Salmon to yourself on the mind - like in "Cat" and "Apple".

Bonus for the most patient

The human brain is the eighth miracle of the world, about the deplities of which we can only guess. Something important for us is now known for sure: there is a speech center in the brain. There is no special center responsible for reading. That is why in the hundredth time we strongly recommend repeating words out loud. It is loud that, and not to ourselves, because in this case there is also a muscular memory. Naturally, words can "live and sound" in your head. The main thing is not to get stuck and not to stop at the decryption stage of transcription symbols, selecting the necessary rule to each sound. In this case, the speed is provided except that snails.

If the language is still alive after the previous exercises, we bring to your attention a video that is better to see 1 time than 100 times to hear about it. All phonetic transcription of English in 10 minutes. Clearly, competently and very clearly.

Each of us, opening a dictionary of the English language, came across such a phenomenon as transcription is a recording of the sound letter or words in the form of special phonetic symbols. This is a very important language element and today we explore it with you.

Why do you need transcription in English children?

Transcription refers to phonetics. It is often found in the languages \u200b\u200bof the Indo-European Group. English transcription has its own characteristics, it transmits the word as it is read, and is necessary especially for beginners and for children who study foreign speech.

In English, words are not read as they are written, as can be seen in Russian or Spanish. Each word of English, each lettering, every difthong or trifongg has its own characteristics, its reading rules. It is this feature that performs English transcription - to teach children to read and speak English correctly.

We work with a word correctly

In one of our articles, we have already mentioned how important it is to work with the dictionary, studying foreign speech. This is especially important for children. The dictionary presents the word in English, its translation into Russian and the transcription of this word, that is, shows us how it reads, but, it became pronounced.

If we talk about google-translator, then he gives us a voice pronunciation. It's also good. Nevertheless, it is important for children to see the transcription of the word, read it out loud several times, remember everything visually. The child itself makes the phonetic work.

The voice translator's voice pronunciation can be traced in the transcription in the dictionary, repeat the speaker. But necessarily paying attention to the signs of transcription in the dictionary! Thus, we learn to read English and correct words. Uses in the phonetics, you can read words on your own, without assistance.

We teach children to work with English transcription

Remember the rules of reading in English

So, let your lessons of phonetics and pronunciations do not go out for nothing. Pay attention to the basic rules for reading English words that have several types of syllables. But to understand the entire system, you need to distinguish and remember only two types: an open syllable and a closed syllable.

Open syllable Must end the vowel letter: Stone, Game, Like - a vowel letter in the Word reads the same way as in the alphabet
Closed syllable Must ended on the consonant letter: Cat, Pen, BUS - the vowel letter in the syllable gives a different sound, it does not match the written letter.

Basically, English sounds correspond to the sounds of the Russian language, for example: [b] - [b]; [p] - [n] etc.

But there are some differences: - [JO] (Joy); [∫] - [Sh] (Shadow); - [H] (Teacher).

There are such sounds that have no analogies in Russian: [θ] - Think; [ð] - Mother; [ŋ] - Dreaming; [W] - Walk.

And finally, go to difongam. There are several of them: [əu] - [OU] (COAT); [AU] - [AU] (How); [EI] - [Hey] (PRAY); [oi] - [oh] (join); [AI] - [AI] (Like).

Download 9 phonetic games For exciting activities

How to make friends with transcription?

We want to repeat that English transcription will be especially useful for children and for beginners. Studying English with the guys, or taught him, do not forget about transcription lessons, teach children to pronunciation from small years. It is clear that at first it will be difficult for them, for young children, all these icons and symbols will be complex.

But do not allow the child to lower his hands, pick it up. Let your lessons introduce the baby every time with this phonetic phenomenon:

Machine children with transcription and reading rules. Explain what it is and for what it needs
Show the guys how the icons and transcription symbols are written, offer them themselves burn them for you
Read a few procracinated English words, write them down with the children. Ask the guys to rewrite them
Offer several foreign words with transcription and ask children to read them
In the future, working with English vocabulary, ask the guys to record not only the translation of words, but also their sound
Work with transcription at each lesson, so that the children get used to it.

In order for the child to be easily and interesting to comprehend the sounds, use various forms, methods and visibility in your work. All sorts of didactic games relating to phonetics, exercises will help you with this. Phonetic icons of English transcription can be represented in the form of funny pictures, colorful drawings, etc. The topic is quite difficult for the child, so it is important to connect the imagination to diversify classes.

We hope that you will get to make friends with transcription, because with it English is becoming easier and more affordable.

Comprehension of any foreign language begins with the study of the alphabet.

The letters of the English alphabet are inextricably linked, in

different variations form different sounds, are pronounced in different ways.

Thanks to this, sounds are much more than symbols in the alphabet.

The name of the alphabet element has differences with sound. Having learn them

Curious features of English alphabet

English is considered world. It communicate in residents of many countries

the globe. Most of the symbols switched from Latin. Besides,

the sounds and letters of the English language are distinguished by a number of curious facts.

Every few hours, the foreign dictionary is replenished with a new word.
According to statistics, this language uses every sixth man on Earth.
In English words, there is a vowel symbol in each part, but not in any consonant.
The letter "Y" refers to the vowels and to the consonants.
The most commonly used symbol is "E".
Small capital symbols appeared only in the fifties.
The bulk of words begins with "s".
Up to the fifteenth century, there were no punctuation elements in English.
Points over "I", "j" in English symbolize a droplet.

English alphabet: symbols and sounds

ABC is the basis of any speech. Those who are styling foreign, need

not only visually represent the characters, write them, but also be able to

do the sounds that they form. Protect them correctly

transcription will help.

The picture shows all English characters. Yellow

indicated vowel sounds of English. Blue,

accordingly, consonants.

The consonant elements form only one sound, in addition to X ". It is characteristic

the formation of two sounds: "X", "CS". There are letters that are in American and

british language variations form sounds. For example: "Z" in the first

the case sounds like "zi", in the second "zet".

English set of transcription and sound letters

Where to start the development of foreign language alphabet, how to remember the English letters

To easily memorize visual and sound, there are different

songs, poems, during which elements and them are visually remembered

pronunciation.

Capital letters of the English alphabet

There are several options for uppercase characters. Linguists

Pay attention to the classic version of the image characters. It

presented in the picture.

To date, the image of the first element has been changed. Title

"A" is written in the same way as small.

Transcription

Transcription is an explanation of how symbols are pronounced which sounds

give English letters. Is a set of signs transmitting

sound. Written in Russian, does not make opportunities without accent

press the elements of English alphabet. Many letters give sound

a similar Russian-language, many radically different.

The table reflects the sound of vowels.

Pronunciation of consonants by analogy with Russian.

Transcription of english letters

The number of sounds exceeds the number of letters. Therefore for

prophoving some of them combine several letters. To

it is right to dispense the letters and sounds of the English alphabet

transcription. This is a set of designations intended for

sound decryption symbols.

Much attention in foreign focus on the length of vowels.

Stretching is symbolized by a colon icon. In transcription

the arrows indicate the intonation, which they are pronounced

phrases. The arrow shown up the upgrade symbolizes

intonation. It is characteristic of questioning statements. Arrow,

the book depicted, symbolizes the recession of intonation. It is characteristic

negative and narrative statements.

Reading rules

Combinations of sounds in Russian words differs from English-speaking. rules

reading is largely determined by the type of syllable. Some and the same letters

they are pronounced in different ways.

Sound criteria

Play the sound that gives the "D" elements, "T" with an in-depth breath.
The ending of the phrase in the form of a consonant does not muffle their sound.
In the closed parts, the sounds are pronounced shortened.
Read the sounds of open parts should be melodious and long.
The English "R", as follows for vowels, does not pronounce.
Diffents - Connections of several letters to designate the reading of one sound are not amenable to general criteria.

Their sound must be remembered.

The English alphabet differs from Russian-speaking. It has less

symbols. To study the phonetic value is intended

transcription.

It has symbols that apply to vowels and to

consult, or form several sounds. However, not in vain in English

every sixth resident is talking on Earth. Nothing hard in assimilation

no pronunciation if you familiarize yourself with the rules.