After how much after childbirth, menstruation starts and how much they last. Monthly after delivery - the period of restoration of the normal cycle for how long the period is restored after delivery

The menstrual cycle is cyclic oscillations in the body of a woman intended for the implementation of the reproductive function. During pregnancy, menstruation does not bother a woman at all, and after childbirth, the cycle is gradually restored.

Features of the menstrual cycle after delivery

Why monthly does not occur so long, almost a year, when they begin, how long there will be menstruation and whether it will be painful - all this is interested in women in the last months of pregnancy.

Changes in the body of a pregnant woman are caused by the restructuring of hormonal status. For the lack of regular menstruation during pregnancy, the hormone progesterone is responsible. It begins to be produced in a yellow body (temporary iron in the ovary) immediately after ovulation and produced up to 10 - 12 weeks of pregnancy. Then the synthesis of progesterone makes the placenta. After delivery, the yellow body finally ceases to exist, the placenta comes out of the uterine cavity, and the mechanisms for restoring a regular cycle are launched.

In contrast to these processes, as soon as the child was born, and it was attached to the chest, prolactin is actively beginning to be synthesized - a hormone generated in the hypothalamus of a parental with breastfeeding and stimulating milk production (lactation). Why doesn't a new cycle begins with breastfeeding? Due to the suppression of the ripening of the egg (ovulation), and, as a result, blocking menstruation. From how nicely these processes are going, the restoration of the cycle after childbirth depends.

Postpartum bleeding

Postpartum allocations should not be confused - Lochi. They are similar to ordinary cyclic bleeding, but are not so and are not accompanied by ovulation. In fact, it is bleeding from the place of attachment of the placenta in the uterine cavity. Lochi are a mixture of blood clots, pieces of endometrial and mucus. Abundant and bright red in the first days after childbirth, in the subsequent allocation become pinkish yellow. Their number can reach 1400 g per week. As the walls are healing, the loch's uterus becomes blond, scarce, without blood impurities. Postpartum discharge can go for a long time - up to eight weeks.

When do menby begin after childbirth?

There is no accurate and one time of returning the normal menstrual cycle after giving birth. The time when periods begin after childbirth is individual for each woman. There are certain signs for which you can approximately predict when the first monthly after childbirth will begin, and the future mothers are desirable to know them. It is necessary to avoid double load (after all, repeated pregnancy in a nursing breastfeeding women can exhausively exhaust its body), as well as not to miss a state requiring urgent medical intervention.

The recovery rate of regular menstrual bleeding does not depend on how childbirth went - whether the woman gave birth on his own or she was made cesarean section.

The physiological impetus for the emergence of menstruation after delivery is to reduce lactation hypophysome hypophism (prolactin) due to reducing the volume of breast milk produced or complete cessation of breastfeeding. This usually happens on the fourth month after the birth of a child.

What conditions accelerate the return of menstruation:

• too rare baby applying to the chest;
• dopping a child with water or feeding it with a mixture;
• for breaks between feedings for more than 6 hours, especially at night (in the peak of prolactin production).

Active breastfeeding and later Introduction Food may move back the return of the cycle for one year.

If a young mother does not breastfeed the child from birth (no milk, acute infectious diseases), menstrual bleeding can be recovery already on the 4th - 8th week after completion of pregnancy. Monthly one month after childbirth should be differentiated with lochia.

The character of the first monthly after delivery

• Anguulatory. Despite the fact that 14 days after the end of the loh, the first menstruation can begin, it is usually not accompanied by the ripening of the egg and the output of it in the uterine pipes from the ovary.
• It is not significant how many monthly after delivery and how abundant allocations are; Subsequent periods will be different. The main thing, they should not be abundant 50 ml per day, and their duration should not be longer than 10 days.

The offensive of the first monthly after delivery does not mean their full recovery. Cycle for a long time can be irregular. It will be sustainable after a complete restoration of the hormonal regulation of the sexual system after delivery. It usually occurs after 4 - 5 months. The first few menstruation come earlier or with a delay. There should be too a permanent break between the first and second cyclic bleeding (about 10 days) or too long (more than 3 months).

Factors affecting the restoration of menstruation after delivery

Not only breastfeeding affects the start of the cycle. External and internal factors, their interaction also play an important role.

Extend the period for restoring the normal cycle or increase the risk that menstruation will not come:

• incorrect day of the day;
• lack of full sleep and nutrition;
• chronic diseases (diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, thyroid pathology);
• complicated pregnancy (trimester spent glastosis II-III, expressed swelling, eclampsia);
• severe childbirth (with bleeding, hypertension);
• postpartum depression.

All this is due to a violation of the control of the ovarian function - a collection of pituitary hormones.

Features of the recovery period of regular menstruation

The restoration of menstruation is not a hindrance or contraindication for breastfeeding. It is believed that the kid at this time may refuse to take the chest. This is not associated with a change in the quality of milk - the mother's smell can simply change to which the child is very sensitive.

If a woman was bothering painful menstrual bleeding to pregnancy, then after pregnancy, there was a decrease in soreness. This is due to the change in the shape of the uterus and its position in the abdominal cavity.

It is important to comply with personal hygiene rules during postpartum bleeding (succeeds) and during the restoration of the menstrual cycle. For six months, the use of tampons is contraindicated. It is recommended to use gaskets with a smooth surface, which need to be changed every three hours. If personal hygiene products have to change more often, the doctor's consultation is necessary - it is possible, this is a sign of uterine bleeding.

Refrain from sexual contacts for two months. Contraindicated sex without means of barrier contraception (condoms) due to the risk of infection of the uterine.

It should be remembered that a breastfeeding woman can get pregnant again, even if there was no first postpartum menstrual bleeding. Ovulation comes, and the egg is coming out of the ovary for 13-16 days before the occurrence of menstruation. Since ovulation does not have external signs, a woman may not guess that her body is already capable of conception.

Situations requiring medical control

Restoration of regular menstrual bleeding requires the coordinated work of many organism systems. A failure of one of the systems can cause various cycle disorders.

Types and causes of failures:

• Menstruation does not appear within eight weeks, despite the fact that the woman has already finished breastfeeding or the child is initially on artificial. It is necessary to exclude the pathology of the sexual system (endometriosis, inflammation of the ovaries, inflammatory processes in the uterus) or hormonal failure (excess prolactin products). The cause of the excess prolactin may be a pituitary tumor (prolactinoma). It is benign and develops due to insufficient work of the thyroid gland.
• Irregular monthly after delivery. Pathological is a break between menstruation for more than three months. The reason may be in the violation of the hormonal balance. Also, do not forget about the possibility of the occurrence of pregnancy after the first postpartum periods, even if the child's breastfeeding continues.
• Abundant bloody discharges that require replacement of hygienic means more often than once every two hours are regarded as bleeding from the uterine cavity. In this case, urgent medical consultation is necessary. Especially if the selection has an unpleasant odor, brown or scarlet blood shade, a large number of clots.
• If the duration of bleeding is more than 10 days, uterine bleeding should be excluded.
• Abundant and long-term bleeding can be the cause of the development of iron deficiency anemia. Even if bleeding corresponds to the conditional norm, but the woman has frequent dizziness, a sense of weakness and fast fatigue, it is necessary to check the level of hemoglobin in the blood.
• The pathology is considered if there was less than 14 days between the time of the end of the Lohi and the beginning of new bleeding.
• If there were births complicated by abundant bleeding, sepsis or severe gestosis, the development of shyhan syndrome (necrosis of pituitary cells) is possible. In this case, even after the cessation of lactation, monthly cyclic bleeding is either not coming at all, or restored, but the allocations are scanty, stitching.

When the first monthly after delivery appears when the cycle acquires regularity, which deviations are possible and how to prevent their appearance.

The unnecessary concern to the newly born woman is harmful, but at the same time it is necessary to know which phenomena point to the presence of pathology to consult a doctor in a timely manner. Therefore, you should explore this topic and consider important features.

Some women believe that the cycle will recover immediately after the child appears. But it is not. A certain period of periods of menstruation will not be, and this is natural. The newly new mother has suckers - so called postpartum allocations. But these are not menstruation, although they remind them of their color.

Lochi is the uterine discharge that is associated with the need for the body will negate all traces of past pregnancy. Within a few weeks from the uterus, endometrial remains, placenta and other fetal life products are published. First, the color of the sucker is rich red, but gradually these selection becomes darker, and their number decreases. After about 1.5 months, Lochi should stop. This is explained by the fact that the inner layer of the uterus returned to a normal state. However, menstruation will be absent for some time.

The absence of menstruation in the postpartum period is due to the hormonal restructuring of the body of a woman. In order for it to feed the baby with breasts, a large amount of prolactin is distinguished into the blood. This hormone prevents the operation of the ovaries, therefore egg cells are not produced and endometrium is not formed. Accordingly, menstruation does not appear.

When the period begin after childbirth

The exact time when the first monthly periods appear after childbirth it is difficult. This is influenced by many factors (diseases, individual properties of the body, hormonal background, etc.). Although in general, monthly depends on how complete is breastfeeding.

Focusing follows such circumstances as:

1. Presence or absence of supplies. If the baby is solely on breastfeeding, menstruation does not appear until the crumb will leave the chest. But a year after the birth of a child, menstruation may appear no matter whether breast feeding continues.

2. Number of milk. With a shortage of milk, a woman has to use dairy mixes. At the same time, the production of prolactin decreases, which allows the ovary to get started. In such a situation, menstruation may appear in 4-5 months. Therefore, it is absolutely not worth worrying here.

3. FEED INTERTING. Some mothers cannot or do not want to feed the baby breast. In this case, monthly after childbirth begin significantly earlier - about 2 months.

4. Features of childbirth. If the child was born due to the operation of the cesarean section, then the beginning of menstruation from the mother depends on the type of feeding. With breastfeeding, monthly missions are missing until the kid will begin to fit.

For a period when monthly after delivery affects the features:

• Performance of the day
• Age of a woman
• Emotional condition.

Therefore, even the doctor cannot provide accurate information.

How many monthly after delivery

Often women after the birth of the first child speak to eliminate discomfort during menstruation and cycle regularity. But the conclusions stand only 3 months after their first appearance. Prior to this, the cycle may vary, and the menstrual periods themselves sometimes take place unusually (with a smaller or greater duration, excessive abundance or poor selection). This is considered normal, although consultation with the doctor is still needed. So it will be possible to make sure the absence of pathologies.

The periodicity of menstruation is normally 21-34 days with their duration of 3-8 days. In terms of discharge, there should be no less than 20 ml or more than 80 ml. The duration of the first postpartum periods does not matter (with normal indicators), it is important that during 3 months they have become regular.

Some women have changes in the peculiarities of the premenstrual period. They note the increase in the symptoms of PMS, which can disturb them. This is usually due to hormonal changes in the body. It is difficult to neutralize this feature - most often with it have to come to terms. But its appearance does not mean that there are problems in the body.

With too much the flow of PMS, it is worth consulting a doctor - perhaps difficulties are associated with violations in the hormonal system.

When need medical care

After the birth of a child, a woman should not forget about his health. It is necessary to go to the doctor to assess the state of the internal organs and make sure that there are no pathologies. Urgently contact the specialist needed in such situations as:

1. Too abundant first monthly. If the gaskets need to be changed more often than once in 2 hours, it indicates bleeding. Also, a large amount of discharge can be caused by endometriosis, endometrial hyperplasia, deviations in a hormonal background.
2. The appearance of bloody secretions with an unpleasant odor after the suckers stopped. This means that in the uterus there are residues of a fetal egg.
3. The poor is discharge or their absence within 3 months after completion of breast feeding. This happens with the increased content of prolactin in the body, although its quantity should decrease by this time.
4. The presence of unpleasant smell in menstrual secretions. If the blood allocated at the same time has a dark shade, and the woman is tormented by severe pain, this may indicate the presence of disorders in the body.
5. The irregular cycle 3 months after the start of menstruation. This is also a sign of pathology associated with the hormonal system.

In all these cases, a visit to the gynecologist cannot be delayed. The elimination of violations should be engaged at their first manifestations, because the situation may worse.

Lee need to be protected

Some women due to the lack of menstruation in the postpartum period believe that there is no need to use contraceptive means. Theoretically, this is true, since the ovaries do not function, the eggs are not produced, therefore the pregnancy cannot come. But there are a lot of cases when the pregnancy still occurred, and it was already recognized about it in late terms.

The reason for this is the lack of accurate information about the start of menstruation. It is not known when the amount of prolactin produced will decrease, you can only guess about it. Ovulation occurs 2 weeks before menstruation. Therefore, with unprotected sexual act, a woman can get pregnant again, and the absence of menstruation will explain with hormonal changes associated with breastfeeding (especially if it is not discontinued).

This means that even during lactation it is necessary to be protected. If the couple wants to start a second child, this can not be done, although doctors recommend waiting for about two years so that the female organism is fully recovered after delivery.

Why there are failures

The first three months from the start of menstruation should not worry because of their irregularity. But if menstrual failures are saved and after that, it is necessary to consult with the doctor. It is especially important to do if additional adverse symptoms are observed. The causes of the disorders of the menstrual cycle may be different. It:

1. Shihan syndrome (postpartum hypocituitarism). This pathology can be caused by peritonitis, sepsis or abundant postpartum bleeding. It can also provoke histosa. The result of the disease can be the absence of monthly either their poorness, which is associated with necrotic changes in the pituitary. Additional symptoms of the syndrome are increased fatigue, headache, swelling, hypotension.
2. Hyperprolactinemia. The absence of menstruation in this case is due to disorders in the functioning of the thyroid gland or the presence of the adenoma of the pituitary gland.

Both pathologies can be cured, but for this you need to contact a specialist.

Breast milk is the most useful food for the baby. If the child is on breastfeeding, it significantly reduces the risk of developing infectious diseases. But after the start of menstruation, many women do not know whether it is worth continuing to feed the baby with breast milk, doubting his benefits.

The presence of menstruation does not affect the quality of milk, so there is no need to give up breast feeding. But you need to consider some circumstances:

1. When continuing lactation, the cycle normalization period can delay.
2. During menstruation, the sensitivity of nipples increases, which makes feeding unpleasant for a woman.
3. Milk during critical days is allocated in smaller quantities, so the child can be nervous. It is possible to solve this problem, applying the baby then to one, then to another breast alternately.

These features can cause discomfort. But it is not necessary to doubt the benefits of breastfeeding at this time - it can even be continued.

Features hygiene

It is very important in the postpartum period to comply with the rules of hygiene. The female organism at this time requires careful care, because it has not yet been restored after stressful circumstances for him.

1. While the menstrual cycle has not recovered, do not use tampons and gaskets with absorbent mesh. They are also not suitable for lohy. Optimal hygienic tool in this case - gaskets with a smooth surface. Change them relying every 3-4 hours.
2. Genitals at this time need to wash more oftenTo prevent the penetration of infections. Use gel for intimate hygiene or flavored soap is undesirable. These funds should be replaced with baby soap.
3. From sexual life it is necessary to refrain Not less than 6 weeks. After the resumption of sexual life, it is necessary to use barrier means of contraception - this will help to avoid pregnancy and enhancing infection in the uterus.

The beginning of menstruation after the birth of a child is an individual phenomenon, which is affected by many circumstances. The woman herself cannot affect it, but she can take care of his body to prevent the development of postpartum complications.

One of the main indicators of women's health is the menstrual cycle. After childbirth, the recovery of the cycle is of particular importance. Therefore, when and how the first monthly days after childbirth and how much they go, you can determine whether there are no hidden postpartum complications, learn about the restoration of the body and find out whether everything is normal with health in a young mother.

First time after delivery

Many young mothers mistakenly believe that postpartum bleeding are the first after pregnancy with menstruation. This is completely incorrect. After the completion of the generic activity, the uterus begins to actively shrink, pushing out the remains of blood and bunches. These allocations in the first days are abundant. Later loh, so-called postpartum allocations, gradually decrease. Blood becomes less and the sixth week after the birth of the baby Lochi stop.

Monthly after childbirth will go much later. When menstruation starts after childbirth, and how much they will go, causing every young mother. The restoration time of the menstrual cycle is individually for each mom. If you are breastfeeding, then menstruation is not until half a year after delivery. If for some reason you feed the child with children's mixtures, monthly a month after childbirth is not a deviation.

Critical days after childbirth are very different from ordinary menstruation. It is for this reason that women may not even understand that menstruation began. Allocations are scanty, more fodder. Go first menstruation can 2-3 days.

Features of the recovery of cycles

The first monthly after childbirth come at the moment when the level of lactation hormone is reduced. While the hormone level is high, no menstruation. This hormone is called prolactin, and it is he who is responsible for the production of breast milk and the suppression of ovulation. It is precisely because of the high content of prolactin during breastfeeding of menstruation, no up to a year after delivery. It is worth considering that in order to use breastfeeding as contraception needs to feed the child on demand. It is impossible to roaming and dope the baby, use nipples and bottles. Feeding at night is required.

The menstrual cycle is one of the manifestations of a complex biological process in the body of a woman who are characterized by cyclic changes in the function of not only the sexual (reproductive) system, but also the cardiovascular, nervous, endocrine and other organism systems.

If we speak more specifically, the menstrual cycle is a period of time from one day one to the first day of the next menstruation. The duration of the menstrual cycle differs from different women, but on average hesitates from 21 to 35 days. It is important that the duration of the menstrual cycle in a woman is always about the same - such a cycle is considered regular.

Each normal menstrual cycle is the preparation of a woman's body to pregnancy and consists of several phases:

During first phasethe ovaries produced a hormone estrogen, which contributes to the swelling of the inner layer of the uterus, and in the ovaries ripens the follicle (the bubble in which the egg cell). Then ovulation is happening - the ripe follicle bursts and the egg takes out of it in the abdominal cavity.

In second phasethe egg begins to move in the uterine pipes in the uterus, ready for fertilization. This process lasts on average three days, if during this time fertilization did not happen, the egg cell perishes. In the second phase of the menstrual cycle, the ovaries are mainly produced by a hormone progesterone, thanks to which the endometrium (inner layer of the uterus) is preparing to take a fertilized egg.

If no fertilization occurred, the endometrium begins to turn back, which is due to a sharp decline in progesterone. Blood discharge begin - menstruation. Menstruation is the bloody selection from the genital paths of a woman, the first day of which marks the beginning of a new menstrual cycle. Normal menstruation lasts 3-7 days and at the same time 50-150 ml of blood is lost.

During pregnancy in the body of the future mother, changes are occurring associated with hormonal perestroika, which are aimed at preserving pregnancy, which causes physiological amenorrhea (lack of menstruation).

Menstrual Recovery Sequence

After the birth of a child, the work of all the domestic secretion glands, as well as all other organs and systems returns to its pre-heated state. These important changes begin with the moment of expulsion of the lane and continue approximately 6-8 weeks. During this time, important physiological processes are committed in the body of the woman: there are almost all changes that arose in connection with pregnancy and childbirth in the genitals, endocrine, nervous, cardiovascular and other systems; The formation and flourishing of the function of the mammary glands is occurring, which is necessary for breastfeeding.

The normal menstrual cycle is a coordinated mechanism for the operation of the ovaries and the uterus, so the process of restoring the work of these organs is inseparable from each other. The process of involution (reverse development) of the uterus occurs quickly. As a result of the contractile activity of the muscles, the size of the uterus is reduced. During the first 10-12 days after childbirth, the bottom of the uterus is descended daily by approximately 1 cm. By the end of the 6-8th week after labor, the magnitude of the uterus corresponds to the size of a non-empty uterus (it can be even less in nursing). Thus, the mass of the uterus by the end of the first week decreases more than half (350-400 g), and by the end of the postpartum period is 50-60 g. The internal zev and the cervical channel are also quickly formed. By the 10th day after childbirth, the channel is fully formed, but the outer zev pass even for the tip of the finger. The closure of the outer mouth is completely completed at the 3rd week after delivery, and it acquires a sliding form (before childbirth, the cervical channel has a cylindrical shape).

The speed of involution may depend on a number of reasons: the general condition, age of women, the features of the course of pregnancy and childbirth, breastfeeding, etc. Involution can be slowed down in the following cases:

• at the weakened and many times giving birth women
• from primordin older than 30 years old
• after pathological labor,
• with incorrect mode in the postpartum period.

After separating the placenta and the birth of the lane, the mucosa is a wound surface. The restoration of the inner surface of the uterus ends usually by the 9-10th day, the restoration of the mucous membrane of the uterus - on the 6-7th week, and in the area of \u200b\u200bthe placental site - at the 8th week after delivery. In the process of healing the inner surface of the uterus, postpartum discharges appear - Lochi. Their character over the postpartum period changes. The character of the loyalty during the postpartum period is changing in accordance with the processes of purification and healing of the inner surface of the uterus:

• in the first days of Lochi, along with disintegrating particles of the inner envelope, the uterus contain a significant bleeding of blood;
• from the 3-4th day of Lochi, the character of the serous-succulent fluid is acquired - pinkish-yellowish;
• by the 10th day of Lochi, they become light, liquid, without blood impurities, their number gradually decreases;
• from the 3rd week, they become scarce (contain a mix of mucus from the cable channel);
• at the 5-6th week of excretion from the uterus stop.

The total number of succeeds The first 8 days of the postpartum period reaches 500-1400 g, they have a specific smell of heavy leaves.

With a slow reverse development of the uterus, the release of the loh is delayed, the blood flow is kept longer. When blocking the inner domestic blood clot or as a result, the magnifier of the uterus may occur a cluster of succeeds in the uterine cavity - the LociMera. Blood accumulated in the uterus serves as a nutrient medium for the development of microbes, such a state requires treatment - the use of drugs that reduce the uterus or along with it still washing the uterine cavity.

In the postpartum period, ovaries are also subject to significant changes. The inverse development of the yellow body ends, which existed in the ovary during pregnancy in the place of the egg, published in the abdominal cavity, fertilized later in the pipe. The hormonal function of the ovaries is restored completely, and the ripening of follicles - bubbles containing egg cells begins, i.e. Regenerate normal menstrual cycle.

Terms of restoration of the menstrual cycle

Most non-impatient women on the 6-8th week after childbirth comes menstruation. In nursing women, mostly menstruation does not have several months or all the time of breastfeeding, although some of them have a menstrual function, it is renewed shortly after the end of the postpartum period, that is, 6-8 weeks after delivery. It is not necessary to look for no norm nor pathology, since the period for the restoration of the menstrual cycle after the birth of each woman is individual. This is due, as a rule, with lactation. The fact is that after childbirth in the body, the woman is produced by prolactin hormone, which stimulates the production of milk in the female body. At the same time, prolactin suppresses the formation of hormones in the ovaries, and, therefore, prevents the ripening of the egg and ovulation - the exit of the egg from the ovary.

If the baby is entirely in breastfeeding, that is, it is powered only by breast milk, then the menstrual cycle in his mother is often restored after the start of the administration of the feeding. If the child is on mixed feeding, that is, in addition to breast milk in the diet, the baby includes mixtures, then the menstrual cycle is restored after 3-4 months. In case of artificial feeding, when the kid receives only a dairy mixture, menstruation is restored, as a rule, by the second month after delivery.

First menstruation after childbirth

The first menstruation after childbirth is more often "anoint": the follicle (the bubble in which the egg is located) ripen, but ovulation - the exit of the egg from the ovary does not occur. The follicle is exposed to reverse development, and at this time the decay and rejection of the mucous membrane of the uterus begin - menstrual bleeding. In the future, the ovulation process is renewed, and the menstrual function is completely restored. However, the onset of ovulation and pregnancy is possible during the first months after childbirth.

Many factors such as are influenced by the restoration of menstrual function:

• pregnancy and complications of childbirth,
• the age of women, proper and full nutrition,
• compliance with the mode of sleep and rest
• the presence of chronic diseases
• nervous mental condition and many other factors.

Possible complications after childbirth

What problems arise in young mothers when restoring menstrual function?

The regularity of the menstrual cycle:after generic menstruation, it can be regularly regular, but can be installed for 4-6 months, that is, during this period, the gaps between them can vary somewhat, differ from each other by more than 3 days. But, if 4-6 months after the first postpartum menstruation, the cycle remains irregular, then it has been leaving the doctor's appeal.

Duration menstrualcycleafter childbirth, it may change. So, if the cycle is 21 or 31 days or 31, then the likelihood is that after delivery, its duration will become average, for example 25 days.

Menstruation duration,that is, bloody discharge should be 3-5 days. Too short (1-2 days) and, moreover, too long menstruation may be evidence of any pathology - moma of the uterus (benign tumor), endometriosis - diseases in which the inner layer of the endometrium uterus is growing in uncharacteristic places.

Volumemenstrualdischargeit can be 50-150 ml, too small, as well as too much the amount of menstrual blood can also be evidence of gynecological diseases. Although in the first few months after the first postpartum menstruation, some deviations may be, but they should still fit the framework of the physiological norm: so, in the busiest days of one medium gasket, it should be enough for 4-5 hours.

Continuous mozhulibloody issuesat the beginning or at the end of menstruation, they are also a reason for appealing to the doctor, since it is more often indicated by endometriosis, inflammatory diseases - endometritis (inflammation of the inner membrane of the uterus), etc.

Sometimes menstruation is accompanied by pain.They may be caused by the general immaturity of the body, the psychological features concomitant inflammatory processes arising after delivery, strong muscle contractions of the uterus walls. If the painful sensations are such that they concern a woman during menstruation, force it to repeatedly take painkillers, antispasmodic drugs, violate the normal rhythm of life, such a state is called algodismenoryeand requires a doctor consultation.

Although often after childbirth, the opposite happens, that is, if menstruation was painful before pregnancy, then after childbirth, they pass easily and without pain. This is due to the fact that the pain can be caused by a certain position of the uterus - the bend of the uterus of the Zada, after the breeding of the uterus becomes a normal position.

During menstruation often chronic inflammatory diseases are exacerbated- endometritis (inflammation of the uterus), salpingooforites (inflammation of appendages). At the same time there are significant pain at the bottom of the abdomen, the selection can become very abundant, with an unpleasant, uncharacteristic odor. To follow the presence or absence of these symptoms should be especially necessary if inflammatory complications were observed after delivery.

Some women complain about the so-called premenstrual syndrome.This condition manifested not just irritability, poor mood or tears leaning, but a whole complex of symptoms. Among them: loading and soreness of the chest, headache, fluid delay in the body and swelling, joint pain, allergic manifestations, scattered attention, insomnia.

There are many versions regarding the causes of the development of premenstrual syndrome, but there is no single reason underlying it, therefore there is no specific drug that would cure it completely. If a woman is concerned with such symptoms, you should consult with a doctor who will prescribe the appropriate treatment.

After childbirth, especially complicated (bleeding, heavy gestosis with severe edema, a significant increase in blood pressure, up to the development of convulsive syndrome, the so-called eclampsia), there may be violations of the ovarian function, which are associated with a violation of the central regulation - regulation of the production of pituitary hormones (inner gland secretion in the brain). At the same time, the development of eggs in the ovaries is disturbed, hormonal changes arise and, as a result, disruption of menstruation in the form of delays, which can be changed. With such manifestations, it is necessary to resort to the help of specialists.

Young mother is important to know that pregnancy can come in the absence of normal menstruation. This is because ovulation begins on average two weeks earlier than menstruation comes. Therefore, in order not to be before the fact of unplanned pregnancy, it is necessary at the first reception at the doctor after giving birth to discuss contraception issues or consult about it before delivery.

Restoration of the menstrual function after cesarean sections

Complicated childbirth can also lead to various menstruation violations. In this regard, it particularly wants to note the peculiarities of the restoration of the menstrual function in women after the cesarean section. Menstruation they come, as a rule, on the same deadlines as after ordinary delivery. However, with complications in the postoperative period, the menstrual function can not long be restored due to a longer period of the involution of the uterus due to the presence of a seam, as well as a longer process of normalizing the ovarian function in infectious complications. Most likely, in this case you will need consultation of the gynecologist, which will select the necessary therapy.

After the birth of the baby, the young mother increases the burden on the endocrine and nervous system. When breastfeeding, the need for vitamins, minerals and microelements, which are necessary to the proper functioning of the ovaries and the production of hormones are increasing. With their disadvantage, such problems as scarce or painful menstruation may occur. Therefore, women after childbirth are recommended to take multivitamins with a microelements complex for nursing mothers and full nutrition, including dairy products, meat, vegetables and fruits.

In addition, care for the newborn takes a lot of strength and time from a young mother, while it must be remembered that the lack of full night sleep, the lack of sleep can lead to increased fatigue, weakness, sometimes even to depressive states, which also negatively affect the formation of the menstrual function; In this connection, it is necessary to make your own regime so that the young mother has time to relax during the day, if possible, keep the night time for a full-fledged holiday.

As mentioned above, the presence of chronic diseases can also negatively affect the formation of the menstrual function, especially the disease of the endocrine system (thyroid gland, diabetes, etc.). Therefore, in the postpartum period, it is necessary to correct these diseases in cooperation with specialists, which will avoid disorders of the menstrual cycle.

In conclusion, I would like to note that the restoration of the normal menstrual function after delivery is one of the main conditions for the future health of the woman. Therefore, any problems associated with its violations should be solved in conjunction with the doctor.

One of the signs of normal restoration of the female body after delivery becomes the return of the regular menstrual cycle, which is not always smooth. What happens with the basis of the reproductive function of a woman after the birth of a child and what are the complications arising from this?

Menstrual cycle and its phases

The menstrual cycle is one of the manifestations of a complex biological process in the body of a woman who are characterized by cyclic changes in the function of not only the sexual (reproductive) system, but also the cardiovascular, nervous, endocrine and other organism systems.

If we speak more specifically, the menstrual cycle is a period of time from one day one to the first day of the next menstruation. The duration of the menstrual cycle differs from different women, but on average hesitates from 21 to 35 days. It is important that the duration of the menstrual cycle in a woman is always about the same - such a cycle is considered regular.

Each normal menstrual cycle is the preparation of a woman's body to pregnancy and consists of several phases:

During first phase The ovaries produced a hormone estrogen, which contributes to the swelling of the inner layer of the uterus, and in the ovaries ripens the follicle (the bubble in which the egg cell). Then ovulation is happening - the ripe follicle bursts and the egg takes out of it in the abdominal cavity.

In second phase The egg begins to move in the uterine pipes in the uterus, ready for fertilization. This process lasts on average three days, if during this time fertilization did not happen, the egg cell perishes. In the second phase of the menstrual cycle, the ovaries are mainly produced by a hormone progesterone, thanks to which the endometrium (inner layer of the uterus) is preparing to take a fertilized egg.

If no fertilization occurred, the endometrium begins to turn back, which is due to a sharp decline in progesterone. Blood discharge begin - menstruation. Menstruation is the bloody selection from the genital paths of a woman, the first day of which marks the beginning of a new menstrual cycle. Normal menstruation lasts 3-7 days and at the same time 50-150 ml of blood is lost.

During pregnancy in the body of the future mother, changes are occurring associated with hormonal perestroika, which are aimed at preserving pregnancy, which causes physiological amenorrhea (lack of menstruation).

Menstrual Recovery Sequence

After the birth of a child, the work of all the domestic secretion glands, as well as all other organs and systems returns to its pre-heated state. These important changes begin with the moment of expulsion of the lane and continue approximately 6-8 weeks. During this time, important physiological processes are committed in the body of the woman: there are almost all changes that arose in connection with pregnancy and childbirth in the genitals, endocrine, nervous, cardiovascular and other systems; The formation and flourishing of the function of the mammary glands is occurring, which is necessary for breastfeeding.

The normal menstrual cycle is a coordinated mechanism for the operation of the ovaries and the uterus, so the process of restoring the work of these organs is inseparable from each other. The process of involution (reverse development) of the uterus occurs quickly. As a result of the contractile activity of the muscles, the size of the uterus is reduced. During the first 10-12 days after childbirth, the bottom of the uterus is descended daily by approximately 1 cm. By the end of the 6-8th week after labor, the magnitude of the uterus corresponds to the size of a non-empty uterus (it can be even less in nursing). Thus, the mass of the uterus by the end of the first week decreases more than half (350-400 g), and by the end of the postpartum period is 50-60 g. The inner zev and the cervical channel are also quickly formed. By the 10th day after childbirth, the channel is fully formed, but the outer zev pass even for the tip of the finger. The closure of the outer mouth is completely completed at the 3rd week after delivery, and it acquires a sliding form (before childbirth, the cervical channel has a cylindrical shape).

The speed of involution may depend on a number of reasons: the general condition, age of women, the features of the course of pregnancy and childbirth, breastfeeding, etc. Involution can be slowed down in the following cases:

• at the weakened and many times giving birth women
• from primordin older than 30 years old
• after pathological labor,
• with incorrect mode in the postpartum period.

After separating the placenta and the birth of the lane, the mucosa is a wound surface. The restoration of the inner surface of the uterus is usually ends to the 9-10th day, the restoration of the mucous membrane of the uterus - on the 6-7th week, and in the area of \u200b\u200bthe placental site - on the 8th week after delivery. In the process of healing the inner surface of the uterus, postpartum sections appear -. Their character over the postpartum period changes. The character of the loh during the postpartum period is changing in accordance with the processes of purification and healing of the inner surface of the uterus:

• in the first days of Lochi, along with disintegrating particles of the inner envelope, the uterus contain a significant bleeding of blood;
• from the 30th day of Lochi, the character of the serous-succinous fluid is acquired - pinkish-yellowish;
• by the 10th day of Lochi, they become light, liquid, without blood impurities, their number gradually decreases;
• from the 3rd week, they become scarce (contain a mix of mucus from the cable channel);
• at the 5-6th week of excretion from the uterus stop.

The total number of succeeds The first 8 days of the postpartum period reaches 500-1400 g, they have a specific smell of heavy leaves.

With a slow reverse development of the uterus, the release of the loh is delayed, the blood flow is kept longer. When blocking the inner domestic blood clot or as a result, the magnifier of the uterus may occur a cluster of succeeds in the uterine cavity - the LociMera. Blood accumulated in the uterus serves as a nutrient medium for the development of microbes, such a state requires treatment - the use of drugs that reduce the uterus or along with it still washing the uterine cavity.

In the postpartum period, ovaries are also subject to significant changes. The opposite development of the yellow * body is ends, which existed in the ovary during pregnancy at the place of the egg, published in the abdominal cavity, fertilized later in the pipe. The hormonal function of the ovaries is restored completely, and the ripening of follicles - bubbles containing egg cells begins, i.e. Regenerate normal menstrual cycle.

Terms of restoration of the menstrual cycle

Most non-impatient women on the 6-8th week after childbirth comes menstruation. In nursing women, mostly menstruation does not have several months or all the time of breastfeeding, although some of them have a menstrual function, it is renewed shortly after the end of the postpartum period, that is, 6-8 weeks after delivery. It is not necessary to look for no norm nor pathology, since the period for the restoration of the menstrual cycle after the birth of each woman is individual. This is due, as a rule, with lactation. The fact is that after childbirth in the body, the woman is produced by prolactin hormone, which stimulates the production of milk in the female body. At the same time, prolactin suppresses the formation of hormones in the ovaries, and, therefore, prevents the ripening of the egg and ovulation - the exit of the egg from the ovary.

If the baby is entirely in breastfeeding, that is, it is powered only by breast milk, then the menstrual cycle in his mother is often restored after the start of the administration of the feeding. If the child is on mixed feeding, that is, in addition to breast milk in the diet, the baby includes mixtures, then the menstrual cycle is restored after 3-4 months. In case of artificial feeding, when the kid receives only a dairy mixture, menstruation is restored, as a rule, by the second month after delivery.

First menstruation after childbirth

The first menstruation after childbirth is more often "anoint": the follicle (the bubble in which the egg is located) ripen, but ovulation - the exit of the egg from the ovary "does not occur. The follicle is subjected to reverse development, and at this time the disintegration and rejection of the uterine mucous membrane begins - menstrual Bleeding. In the future, the ovulation process is renewed, and the menstrual function is completely restored. However, the onset of ovulation and pregnancy is possible during the first months after delivery.

Many factors such as are influenced by the restoration of menstrual function:

• pregnancy and complications of childbirth,
• the age of women, proper and full nutrition,
• compliance with the mode of sleep and rest
• the presence of chronic diseases
• nervous mental state and many other factors.

Possible complications

What problems arise in young mothers when restoring menstrual function?

The regularity of the menstrual cycle: After generic menstruation, it can be regularly regular, but can be installed for 4-6 months, that is, during this period, the gaps between them can vary somewhat, differ from each other by more than 3 days. But, if 4-6 months after the first postpartum menstruation, the cycle remains irregular, then this is a reason to appeal to the doctor.

The duration of the menstrual cycle After childbirth, it may change. So, if the cycle is 21 or 31 days or 31, then the likelihood is that after delivery, its duration will become average, for example 25 days.

Duration of menstruationthat is, bloody discharge should be 3-5 days. Too short (1-2 days) and, moreover, too long menstruation may be evidence of any pathology - uterine (benign tumor), endometriosis - diseases in which the inner layer of endometrium uterus is growing in uncharacteristic places.

Menstrual discharge It can be 50-150 ml, too small, as well as too much the amount of menstrual blood can also be evidence of gynecological diseases. Although in the first few months after the first postpartum menstruation, some deviations may be, but they should still fit the framework of the physiological norm: so, in the busiest days of one medium gasket, it should be enough for 4-5 hours.

Continuous moaching bleeding At the beginning or at the end of menstruation, they are also a reason to appeal to the doctor, since endometriosis, inflammatory diseases - endometritis (inflammation of the inner membrane of the uterus) and others indicate the presence of endometriosis.

Sometimes menstruation is accompanied by pools. They may be caused by the general immaturity of the body, the psychological features concomitant inflammatory processes arising after delivery, strong muscle contractions of the uterus walls. If the painful sensations are such that they concern a woman during menstruation, force it to repeatedly take painkillers, antispasmodic drugs, violate the normal rhythm of life, such a state is called algodismenorye and requires a doctor consultation.

Although often after childbirth, the opposite happens, that is, if menstruation was painful before pregnancy, then after childbirth, they pass easily and without pain. This is due to the fact that the pain can be caused by a certain position of the uterus - the bend of the uterus of the Zada, after the breeding of the uterus becomes a normal position.

During menstruation often chronic inflammatory diseases are exacerbated - endometritis (inflammation of the uterus), salpingooforites (). At the same time there are significant pain at the bottom of the abdomen, the selection can become very abundant, with an unpleasant, uncharacteristic odor. To follow the presence or absence of these symptoms should be especially necessary if inflammatory complications were observed after delivery.

Some women complain about the so-called premenstrual syndrome. This condition manifested not just irritability, poor mood or tears leaning, but a whole complex of symptoms. Among them: loading and soreness of the chest, headache, fluid delay in the body and swelling, pain in the joints, allergic manifestations, scattered attention,.

There are many versions regarding the causes of the development of premenstrual syndrome, but there is no single reason underlying it, therefore there is no specific drug that would cure it completely. If a woman is concerned with such symptoms, you should consult with a doctor who will prescribe the appropriate treatment.

After childbirth, especially complicated (bleeding, heavy gestosis with severe edema, a significant increase in blood pressure, up to the development of convulsive syndrome, the so-called eclampsia), there may be violations of the ovarian function, which are associated with a violation of the central regulation - regulation of the production of pituitary hormones (inner gland secretion in the brain). At the same time, the development of eggs in the ovaries is disturbed, hormonal changes arise and, as a result, disruption of menstruation in the form of delays, which can be changed. With such manifestations, it is necessary to resort to the help of specialists.

Restoration of the menstrual function after cesarean sections

Complicated childbirth can also lead to various menstruation violations. In this regard, it particularly wants to note the peculiarities of the restoration of the menstrual function in women after the cesarean section. Menstruation they come, as a rule, on the same deadlines as after ordinary delivery. However, with complications in the postoperative period, the menstrual function can not long be restored due to a longer period of the involution of the uterus due to the presence of a seam, as well as a longer process of normalizing the ovarian function in infectious complications. Most likely, in this case you will need consultation of the gynecologist, which will select the necessary therapy.

After the birth of the baby, the young mother increases the burden on the endocrine and nervous system. When breastfeeding, the need for vitamins, minerals and microelements, which are necessary to the proper functioning of the ovaries and the production of hormones are increasing. With their disadvantage, such problems as scarce or painful menstruation may occur. Therefore, women after childbirth are recommended to take multivitamins with a microelements complex for nursing mothers and full nutrition, including dairy products, meat, vegetables and fruits.

In addition, it takes a lot of time and effort from a young mother, while it is necessary to remember that the lack of full night sleep, the lack of sleep can lead to increased fatigue, weakness, sometimes even to depressive states, which also negatively affect the formation of the menstrual function. In this connection, it is necessary to make your own regime so that the young mother has time to relax during the day, if possible, keep the night time for a full-fledged holiday.

As mentioned above, the presence of chronic diseases can also negatively affect the formation of the menstrual function, especially the disease of the endocrine system (, diabetes, etc.). Therefore, in the postpartum period, it is necessary to correct these diseases in cooperation with specialists, which will avoid disorders of the menstrual cycle.

In conclusion, I would like to note that the restoration of the normal menstrual function after delivery is one of the main conditions for the future health of the woman. Therefore, any problems associated with its violations should be solved in conjunction with the doctor.