Recreational substances. Recreational use of it

31.03.2021

Introduction

Chapter 1. Reserves and reserves as specially protected natural areas

1.1 Concept and significance of the reserve

1.2 Reservations

Chapter 2. Russian Reserves

2.1 History of the emergence and development of reserves in Russia

2.2 Analysis of the recreational use of reserves and reserves in Russia

Chapter 3. Description of tours organized on the basis of environmental institutions and environmentally friendly territories

3.1 Ecological tour "Reserved Necklace Baikal"

3.2 Ecological tour "To the epicenter of the Tungus Catastrophe"

3.3 Ecological tour "Cocktail Adventure"

Conclusion

LIST OF REFERENCES

Introduction

The purpose of the study of this work is the recreational use of reserves and reserves of Russia. The problem of this study has relevance in the modern world. This is evidenced by frequent learning issues on this topic. Research issues are devoted to many articles, textbooks, books and scientific works. The relevance of this work is due, on the one hand, great interest in the topic in modern tourism, on the other hand, its insufficient work.

Environmental tourism (ecology - the science of man's interaction with the environment (natural, technogenic, anthropogenic, social, psychological, cultural, national, etc.)) in Russia appeared relatively recently, but already has the demand of tourists. In our country, most of the lowered ecosystems focuses (due to the presence of huge undeveloped territories), including 26% of the virgin forests of the planet. This means that it is Russia who has reserves to expand the global system of specially protected natural territories, the need for which will grow. In connection with the economic crisis, the annual profit from ecological tourism fell, but not much. This indicates that at least this type of tourism is not very developed in our country, but still has demand.

Currently, many developed and developing countries urgently allocate extensive areas of their territory under nature reserves and national parks, create special organizational structures to attract ecotourists, and their capital.

Environmental tourism plays an important economic role. It is due to one of his leading principles, according to which the main part of revenues from the development of environmentally oriented forms of tourism feeds the local economy, is sent to municipal budgets, is used for the needs of the local population. Summarizing, you can select the following positive economic and at the same time social functions of ecotourism:

The creation of new jobs for the local population;

Production of environmentally friendly foods;

An increase in investment both in infrastructure and service and in nature conservation;

The growth of the well-being of the local population;

Development of special education aimed at acquiring tourist and environmental professions;

Development crafts;

Development of local self-government;

Formation of development plans "from within" taking into account the interests of local residents.

Our country has extensive territories with untouched nature. Unfortunately, until recently, the development of ecotourism in Russia has passed mainly on the amateur level. Now we are seeing a tendency to develop this sector of the tourist industry. The development of ecological tourism will help preserve the natural beauty of unique territories.

The main goal is a detailed consideration of the problems and a range of issues related to the recreational use of reserves and reserves of Russia, namely the consideration of the concepts of the reserve and the reserve as specially protected natural areas, studying the history of the emergence and development of reserves in Russia, analysis of the recreational use of reserves and reserves in our country and a description of the tours organized on the basis of environmental institutions and environmentally friendly territories.

Chapter 1. Reserves and reserves as specially protected natural areas

1.1 Concept and significance of the reserve

Reserves are plots of land, water surface and airspace over them, where natural complexes and objects that have special environmental, scientific, cultural, aesthetic, recreational and health importance, which should be removed in whole or in part from economic use. For them, a special protection regime must be installed. These include state reserves, national parks, reserves, nature monuments and protected areas of forest.

Particularly protected natural areas are a resource of ecological tourism (ecology - science on human interaction with the environment (natural, technogenic, anthropogenic, social, psychological, cultural, national, etc.)).

The reserve is a conservation institution whose territory includes natural complexes and objects having a unique environmental value.

The purpose of using the reserve: 1) environmental protection 2) Scientific 3) Scientific and educational 4) recreational (very limited).

The territory of the reserve is divided into several zones, each of which has its own functional value (see Fig. 1).

I - the zone of the protected regime, the interaction of living and vegetable world occurs without human intervention.

II - the environmental monitoring area on which the meteorological station may be located, a mini laboratory for operational analysis of soils, water, air.

III - the zone of scientific education may (laboratories of gardeners, conduct environmental routes).

IV is an administrative zone (household houses, warehouses).

A particularly important role in the protection of nature is played by state reserves created in order to ensure the safety of all natural complexes focused on a certain territory representing particularly large scientific and cultural interest. In this space, any economic activity cutting forests (except saming sanitary), sobbing grass, grazing, hunting, etc. should be discontinued. The main importance of the nature reserves to serve as standard of nature, to be the place of knowledge of the course of natural processes not disturbed by the person. Reserves have become the base of preservation, reproduction and elimination of the threat of extinction of many rare plant species and animals such as beaver, Kulana, burglar, spotted deer, tiger, leopard, sable, ordinary Gaga, Flamingo, etc.

The foundations of the protected case in Russia were laid by visible scientists in environmental protection workers, such as. P. Borodin, G.A. Kozhevnikov, A.P. Semenov-Tian-Shansky, D.K. Solovyov. The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating the first Russian state reserves was hotly supported by G.F. Morozov and V. N. Sukachev.

Currently, state reserves have the statuses of environmental research organizations of Russia and more than 60 years lead long-term scientific research on the unified program "The Church of Nature". These studies are the basis for environmental monitoring and monitoring the state of the natural environment. In the 90s. XX century Russia had more than 80 reserves, including 16 biosphere, with a total area of \u200b\u200bmore than 20 million hectares, which amounted to 1.2% of the country's territory. The International Russian-Finnish Reserve "Friendship-2" was opened, work was carried out on the creation of new international reserves in border areas: Russian-Norwegian, Russian-Mongolian.

Among the Russian reserves, the main place is occupied by 16 UNESCO Biosphere Reserves. In six of these reserves there are stations of comprehensive background monitoring (forecast). These stations supply data on the chemical pollution of reference proceedings. In many reserves, nurseries were created, in which the most valuable genuofund is preserved, rare animal species are studied and divorced.

1.2 Reservations

Reserve - environmental protection areas, on which some one of the components of nature is protected.

Reservations are of different species, as well as permitted recreational activities on them (see Table 1).

Table 1

Permitted activities depending on the type of reserve

The creation of hunting and fishing reserves is widely practiced. This category of protected areas differs from the reserves in that only partial or selective character is wearing, and not a comprehensive, as in reserves. In the reserves for a number of years or constantly, in certain seasons or year-round, individual species of animals, plants or part of the natural complex are protected. The economic use of other natural resources is permitted in a form that does not damage the protected object or complex.

Reservations are diverse in their goals. They serve to restore or increase the number of hunting animals (hunting reserves), are created for a favorable situation for birds during nesting, migrations, migrations and wintering (ornithological), the protection of spawning places of fish, feeding the juveniles or places of their winter clusters, preservation especially valuable forest groves, individual sections of the landscape with large aesthetic and cultural significance (landscaped reserves).

Total number of reserves in the 90s. The XX century in Russia was 1519, of which the federal value of 71, local 1448. They occupied 3% of the country's territory.

Reserve, unlike other environmental systems, are an extremely dynamic and mobile form of protection of natural objects.

Reading time: 4 minutes

The Earth is recognized as a valuable and protected resource, so its use should be careful and comply with the established goal. The purpose of the Earth is a criterion for separating areas by category. For example, land settlements were allocated not only for the construction of housing, but also for the development of the territory. They include places for recreation and tourism, which are combined into the land of recreational purposes.

Main categories of land

According to paragraph 1 of Art. 7 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the RF RF), all the land of the Russian Federation shall be divided according to their targeted seven categories. This allows you to determine the legal modes of the territories and establish the framework of the permitted use, within which the site should be operated. For example, it is forbidden to build residential buildings in the territories of agricultural purposes.

So, it is customary to allocate land:

Water Fund.
Agricultural purposes.
Particularly protected areas and objects.
Special purpose:, territory for the movement of transport, to ensure space activities and other.

Earth recreational purposes belong to the category of land settlements. At the same time, the urban planning regulations within the boundaries of settlements involves the presence of residential, social and business, engineering and transport, as well as other zones.

The concept of lands of recreational purposes

The definition of the term can be found in paragraph 1 of Art. 98 RF RF. The legislator indicates that the lands in the composition of recreational zones are sites used for recreation, tourism, physical education and wellness and sports activities of citizens.

Not any site is suitable for these purposes, although each territory has resources that can be used to meet the needs of the population. Only land settlements, having recreational potential, it is advisable to fit for recreation and recovery.

The potential is estimated on the basis of natural, environmental, sanatorium-resort (balneological, mud) and cultural and historical prerequisites. They create the necessary conditions and climate to restore good well-being and performance of people tired of urban fuss.

The recreation of the land plot is the available and established favorable characteristics of the territory to restore human health.

Which territories are part of

Recreational lands are heterogeneous. They differ depending on the features of use.

According to paragraph 2 of Art. 98 RF RF, the composition of this category includes sections with:

camping;
holiday homes, boarding houses;
objects of physical culture and sports;
tourist bases;
stationary and tent tourist and wellness camps;
children's tourist stations;
parks;
teaching trails and tracks;
childish and sports camps, other similar objects.

These lands include forest belts, parks, as well as squares located outside the city or in the city trait.

The lands of recreational purposes are intended and used to ensure sports and physical well-recreational activities of citizens, as well as to organize their rest and tourism. This determines the framework of its operation.

For the organization of training trail and trails with the owner, the user, the owner or tenant of the Earth can be a special agreement on the servitude. This allows you to put routes through the territory, not made of it from use.

A servitude is a limited right to use recreational zones - can be both public and private. Public implies the availability of the territory for everyone. Private, as a rule, is provided to legal entities in order to build rest houses and similar objects.

The implementation of recreational activities on the lands of forests is allowed in accordance with the provisions of Art. 41 Forest Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the LC of the Russian Federation). The legislator has also provided the possibility of erection of special temporary buildings in the forest. In this case, the territory is provided by state and municipal institutions in constant (perpetual) use.

For legal entities, land fund land for recreation is possible (paragraph 4 of Art. 41 of the LA RF). Note that such a category of land is not available to individuals.

Legal regime

The land under consideration possess specific legal status. They are operated for recreation purposes without seizure from owners or temporary managers. However, the rights of the latter are burdened: they are put on can be free to access everyone. Everyone has the right to visit such a plot if the mode of use complies.

The values \u200b\u200bof the recreation lands indicates that their inappropriate use or translation into another group of areas is strictly prohibited. In addition, if a natural or legal person has the right to ownership of the area with recreational potential, the state can withdraw the land forced for state or municipal needs.

At the same time, such nodes are not excluded from. Recreational land in ownership can be transferred to legal entities subject to the consent of municipal and government agencies.

Prohibition of the use of recreation zones are not intended

P. 5 Art. 98 ZK RF sets a direct ban on the use of recreation lands for other purposes. This means that this category is not suitable for any other activity, except tourism and recreation.

Restrictions relate to the construction of real estate. For example, on the territory of the park it is impossible to build a residential building. What can be constructed is determined by the target segment of the site. All buildings and buildings should be designed for recreation, sports, recovery, tourism or to serve the listed objects.

The legitimate use of the Earth is controlled by state land supervision authorities:

Rosreestr
Rosselkhoznadzor,
Rosprirodnadzor.

Public control is connected to checks. Every citizen who revealed violations of the use of Machina may contact the specified instances with a complaint. If the fact is confirmed, an administrative penalty will be imposed on the violator.

The size of the administrative penalty

Administrative responsibility for violation of the procedure for using recreational land varies depending on its subject. So, if the site is provided for the use of a state or municipal institution, their officials will bear responsibility.

The size of the fine will be from 1 to 1.5% of the cadastral value of the site, but not less than twenty thousand rubles. If the cadastral price is not installed, the penalty will be appointed in the amount of from twenty to fifty thousand rubles.

In the case when the site is at a legal entity that ignores the rules of targeted use, the size of the fine will be from 1.5 to 2% of the cadastral value, but at least one hundred thousand rubles.

If the price of Cadastre is unknown, the organization will be fined the amount from one hundred to two hundred thousand rubles.

The boundaries of responsibility are established by the provisions of Art. 8.8 Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses. The punishment suffered does not cancel the duties to use land in strict accordance with their appointment.

findings

Earth recreational purposes refer to categories of settlements. They are intended for recovery, recreation and tourism and should not be used for other purposes. Violation of this rule entails administrative responsibility in the form of a fine. This type of sites are not provided to citizens, only legal entities can be purchased.

Types of permitted use of the land: video

Master of Legal Sciences in the direction of "Civil and Family Law". In 2005 he graduated from St. Petersburg State University, in 2012 - Economic Faculty of Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov in the specialty "Financial Analytics". After receiving the second higher education founded an independent evaluation company. I am engaged in real estate, land and other property.

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Answers

Shalom

First of all, there are two people in relationships; We assume that both are in order with this.

Each time someone mentions the "recreational use" of drug prescription, critical issues are whether there are any health problems, and it is legitimately used and to obtain.

"Kishuy L" Daas "- if mostly in a family context is probably not a problem; Rabbi Moshe Finstein has a response when someone worried about it when hugged / kissed his wife, he said that this is not a problem. ( Assuming that it does not go further than "quiet".)

A wider context "Too many marriage condescension is bad" - many different philosophical views on it. The late rabbi Aaron Liechtenstein З "TL appeals to him in part traditions, entitled: "Marriage: relationships and relationships." In short, there are many ascetic voices, starting from the medieval period, but Rabbi Lchteinstein cautiously argues that the voices of the Talmud itself are more positive about the marital relationship. (With a reservation that scientists still have enough time and attention dedicated to the study of the Torah.) People love to indicate a comment by Ramban on holiness (the beginning of the head of the cedal), which includes not to indulge in everything, which is technically permitted; But if you carefully look at his examples of one who "keeps the letter of the law, but disgusting" [ sea Burry Ha Torah ], He talks about someone who marries only one thought.

Jim

Maybe I miss something, but everything, in addition to your third paragraph, it seems that has nothing to do with my question, and the third paragraph seems unclear and useless comparison.

Al Berko

I would like to introduce a more Hasidic approach, instead of minimizing "SUR MERAH" to enlarge "Ase Tov":

Things are not good or bad by themselves, but in a certain context. The pleasure in itself is not a sin, it depends on his own intention. Many rulings in Torah, Gemor and MEFSHIME oblige us to draw all of our thoughts and intentions to the creativity of the Most High (t. E. The last Rashi to Eccle. "מה שתוכל עשה ולבך לשמים").

As long as you intend to use it for the "holy" goals of Mitsvos , for example, to delight your wife and increase the bait with Shalom, or extend your fatigue so that you can better study the Torah in the rest of the day or something else, it would be allowed and recommended.

As soon as you cannot find the righteous intentions for this and drown in lust, you reject numerous moral solutions, such as "קדושים תהיו", "את עצמך במותר לך", probably hurt your wife (לא תאנו) and others .

mevaqesh.

It would be a very good post if there was no such concept as Galaha. Given that there is such a thing as Galah, the question is whether Galahi has something to say on this topic. If not, this is Darsa Charse, and in this case this post is relevant. The question, however, is whether Galach can say something about this. This post has nothing to do with it.

Al Berko

I think it adds a lot of alternative views on this question. Most people focus on "ור מרע" and, if it is clearly not prohibited, they will drown in it. I am trying to offer a way to go further and formulate additional considerations, such as intentions.

mevaqesh.

Most people focus on "ור מרע" and, if it is clearly not prohibited, they will drown in it. But who says it is not directly prohibited? This is a question of OP, and he remains the same question after your post, so AFAICT is not the answer.

Al Berko

I think that if you are a hammer, you see everyone else as nails. As you tend to halake, you see it in every question. The guy asked " Possible problems "I gave him possible problems. The guy is not familiar with this approach - well, you are not familiar - also good, but why say that this is not an answer?

mevaqesh.

You are not right. I'm not saying that the question is limited to Galakhoy. But the first step to solving the problem of relevance is to determine whether this is allowed or prohibited. Only then can you state that "while your intention is to use it in the" holy "purposes ... This will be allowed and recommended." These are predicates as an assumption that this is permitted. (If you are not such an anti-naniona, what do you think that with Averot is all right if you do it for good purposes). And this is exactly why this is not the answer.

Earth recreational purposes are land plots that are intended to organize cultural and wellness, sports activities of citizens, as well as land that are used for recreation and tourism. These land include all recreation centers, resorts, sanatoriums, pretractors and other organizations.

The concept of land recreational purposes, their composition

Since the land plots of recreational purposes are land for recreation and recovery of citizens, they should be located in those places where there is a possibility of rest and recovery. The protection and legitimate use of such sites is in state control.

The composition of the recreational land is land plots that are equipped with objects for tourism, recreation, cultural and recreational events, sports events. These include not only recreation centers and sanatoriums, but also children's camps, fishing bases, holiday homes and sports fishing and other similar organizations and buildings.

Also, the above-mentioned lands include parks, squares, forest belts outside the city and in the city trait.

The use of these lands is not prohibited.

So, no park, Square or other "Green Island" in the city cannot be rebuilt into a residential or social and business building without a corresponding resolution of local governments, which can be appealed to any citizen in court.

It should be noted that all recreation centers and other organizations for the cultural and health leisure of citizens are outside the city feature (abroad of the settlement). All buildings, buildings and structures can be in private property, but it is possible to use them only according to the target destination of land and in no way.

Legal regime and the use of lands having recreational status

The legal regime of land recreational purposes is determined by the current land legislation. Since the main purpose of the land of such a category is to satisfy citizens in rehabilitation and cultural and sports vacation, the land should be used exclusively in these purposes.

So, it is not prohibited to a legal entity to rent or acquire in property with the permission of state or municipal authorities of the Earth, and then carry out activities related to the organization of citizens' recreation. For example, for the construction of a recreation center, a children's camp, an educational and prophylactic building, a tent camps or any other type of buildings and recreation facilities.

To be given to the land plots allocated for recreational purposes, private individuals are prohibited, according to the norms of current legislation.

However, if such lands intersect with land, where individuals, legal entities, government authorities or the municipality are owned by the owners, then the ownership of these individuals is superimposed by the rules of servitude, both private and public. This, in turn, does not entail the loss of ownership of the area.

Use plots that have the status of recreational lands, it is possible only by intended purpose - to organize recreation of citizens. At the same time, if the right area of \u200b\u200bland is owned by individuals or legal entities, then the state it can be seized in a compulsory manner for its needs or requisited.

Recovery of land recreational significance can be carried out for a period of two to twenty years.

Ban on the use of land is not intended

According to Article 98 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation, the Earth recreational purposes are under the protection of the state. That is why on the lands of this type it is strictly forbidden to conduct any activity, including a commercial nature, which is not related to the use of land for their direct intended purpose.

On lands with recreational purposes, residential buildings cannot be built, create enterprises and organizations that are not related to tourism and recreation.

It is noteworthy that for violation of this clause of the legislation, administrative liability is provided in the form of an administrative fine, the size of which is determined depending on who is the intruder.

Control over the execution of the target use of the Earth is carried out by state land control, and the same public control on land legislation standards. Representatives of each of these bodies may conduct inspections on the lands of recreational significance, check the execution of land law. State land control is entitled to request relevant documents, issue prescriptions and submit to court to consider discovered violations.

With particularly gross violations, the systematic non-performance of the prescriptions of the owner of a land plot relating to recreational lands can also be criminal penalties, and the right of ownership may be delayed. As a result, such a plot goes to the municipality or state department for the target use according to current standards.

Administrative fines

The officials who used the land plot are not intended if he is in the department of the state, municipal or budgetary organization, an administrative penalty is superimposed in the amount of 1 - 1.5% of the cadastral value of the site.

At the same time, the land plot that falls under the category of recreational purposes is obliged to have the cadastral value and the cadastral number, otherwise it would be illegal in commissioning.

Administrative recovery from an official cannot be less than 20 thousand rubles, even if the cadastral percentage is less. This measure is registered in the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

Legal entities engaged in lands of recreational significance, not related to the targeted use, may suffer a sentence in the form of an administrative fine, the amount of which is 1.5-2% of the cadastral value of the site. At the same time, the recovery cannot be less than 100,000 rubles, even if the percentage described is a smaller amount.

Private individuals do not allocate areas of recreational significance to the property, so they cannot bear any punishment or in the form of an administrative fine, nor in the form of any other penalty. Moreover, any citizen has the right to apply for a complaint to the municipality, government agencies or court that discovered violations on the use of land plots.

To verify the accuracy of the testimony specified in the complaint, representatives of state land control are usually traveled to the place, which establish the fact of the violation of land legislation.

Recreational substances. Recreational use of it

Main categories of land

The concept of lands of recreational purposes

Which territories are part of

Legal regime

Prohibition of the use of recreation zones are not intended

The size of the administrative penalty

findings

Types of permitted use of the land: video

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Similar documents

Answers

Shalom

Al Berko

The concept of land recreational purposes, their composition

Legal regime and the use of lands having recreational status

Ban on the use of land is not intended

Administrative fines

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