Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Vorontsovsky Park. Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Vorontsovo

Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in the village of Vorontsovo

Starokaluga highway, 2 (deep in the park)

"The owners of the village: Repnins - 1767-1837; Mukhanovs - 1837-1867; Sushkins - 1867-1892; the last owner of Grunbaum; in 1928 - a state farm."

"The church was built in 1807 in an octagonal garden pavilion. The bell tower and the chapel were built in 1838. The interior decoration is in a classical style, a modern church" (- therefore, in 1928 it was not yet closed. - P. P.).

"Aisle in the name of St. Sergius".

"In the second half of the 18th century, the Vorontsovo estate belonged to the Repnins, who built a number of buildings here. A church was built in one of the garden pavilions in 1807. two pseudo-Gothic towers were built close to it as a kind of solemn pylons of the gate leading to the front courtyard of the estate. Similar buildings appeared in the estates of the Moscow region in connection with the solemn celebration in 1773 of the Kyuchuk-Kainarji peace with Turkey.

"The first church was consecrated in the master's house in the name of the Origin of the Trees of the Cross of the Lord in the 18th century. A new one in the garden tower - in 1807. The bell tower and the right chapel were added in the 1830s by the new owner S.I. Mukhanov. After the revolution, the temple was occupied state farm, which supplied pork to the NKVD. The last service was in October 1938. But the belfry was already dismantled in the 1920s for a brick for the barnyard. The church housed a mechanical workshop, then a toy factory."

The main house of the estate burned down after 1917.

In 1968, the temple building was occupied by a children's toy factory. The bell tower was destroyed, pipes and a motor were attached to the walls.

By 1976, the state farm "Vorontsovo" was abolished, the toy factory was removed from the former church, which had turned into dilapidated ruins. When leaving, the factory broke the roof of the temple and the refectory, broke the doors and windows, completely devastating the inside. The state of the temple has become one of the saddest in Moscow, although it is listed under state protection under number 399.

Since 1978, the eviction of the cemetery surrounding the temple has begun. At the altar there was still a cross with a touching inscription: "Archpriest Mikhail Vasilyevich and Maria Egorovna Tretyakov. Their service at this church was 55 years: 1855 - 1909." The fate of the cross in connection with the demolition of the cemetery was a foregone conclusion. By 1990, he was gone.

Together with a dilapidated temple under the same number on the state guard as part of the "Vorontsovo estate of the XVIII-XIX centuries." are: "two entrance towers with guardhouses attached to them, 1770s; northern wing, building 5; southern wing, building 6; northern building of services, building 3; southern building of services, building 7; two pillars at at the entrance to the highway; a park of 48.7 hectares with a system of ponds; an 18th-century chamber".

The temple was again returned to believers in 1990. "The Trinity Church in Vorontsovsky Park was especially" lucky ". After the" battle "it was finally given to the community, it has no vault, no windows, no doors."

"On May 6, 1990, the church was returned to the faithful; services resumed on May 23, 1990, under the leadership of Father Superior Sergiy Polyakov."

"The history of the Church of the Holy Trinity in Vorontsovo is like a fragment of the general history of the excommunication of the people from the church. Such a long and difficult road back to faith.

This scene is like a frame from the history of turbulent hard times, the lights of church candles curl in a draft that walks through broken walls and gaping windows. The decapitated temple looks like ruins after a hefty bombardment. But the prayer of the faces of the parishioners enlightens. And faith grows stronger - this ruined temple will also be reborn, the moral principles of Orthodoxy will return to Russian hearts.

Outwardly, he still bears the stamp of the times of unbelief. The time when the church in Vorontsovsky Park, abandoned for decades, stood and fell apart, like hundreds of other churches throughout Moscow. The last devastating touch to this picture of desolation was added by the order of the city authorities to polish the Olympics-80, when the graves in the surrounding church cemetery were razed to the ground.

Renaissance. It started. A group of Muscovites united, created a community, helped ensure that the ruins, called an architectural monument, returned to their rightful owner - the Moscow Patriarchate. The rector, Father Sergius, is already serving here. Preparations for the revival of the temple at the very start of a large construction program that will require half a million dollars.

What did the temple look like? What details are interesting about its fate and original appearance? Much that is unknown about the history of the church is hidden in the past. Bit by bit, parishioners are trying to restore it. They found a picture of the beginning of the century, which gave at least a guideline for restoration work. And almost everything will have to be restored - the altar, the iconostasis, murals, the belfry, the dome, the details of the lost architectural decor. After all, she was elegant and solemn - a church in the Vorontsov estate, later transferred to the Repnin family. Can even a rather large parish - now the number of parishioners has reached 300 and continues to grow - be able to overcome such a burden of costs?

The appeal of the parish to the district organizations has so far brought little - only about 40 thousand rubles have been submitted to the "outstretched hand". Or maybe there is a firm in the city that can take under its wing the revival of the Holy Trinity Church? This is for the soul, in the name of faith. Many people have already responded to the call for help and have come here from all over Moscow for voluntary subbotniks more than once.

As the chairman of the parish council, G. G. Koshelev, told us, believers dream of making their own educational center here, introducing them to the faith. This means that a Sunday school is to be opened. The cherished plan of Koshelev - by profession an artist - is to equip an icon-painting workshop here. All those who are trying to realize these plans are, in the old way, laymen. People with different professions and hobbies. And they were united by the belief that a spiritual rebirth is beginning. No, the excommunication of the people from the church did not take place.

"In December 1990, at the Palace of Culture of the State Bearing Plant No. 1, a charity evening was held from the cycle "Spiritual Heritage of Russia", the program was spiritual music. Father Sergius, rector of the Church of the Trinity in Vorontsovo, spoke about canonization in the history of the church, to which the proceeds will go."

The address: Russia, Moscow, Vorontsovsky Park (metro station Prospekt Vernadskogo and Novye Cheryomushki)
Main attractions: Guardhouses with towers, northern wings, Church of the Life-Giving Trinity, Big Voronovsky Pond
Coordinates: 55°39"59.6"N 37°31"53.8"E
Object of cultural heritage of the Russian Federation

In the south-west of Moscow, there is a manor, known since the 14th century. During its history, Vorontsovo experienced periods of decline and prosperity. The estate was badly ruined during the Time of Troubles and during the Patriotic War of 1812, however, each time the caring owners rebuilt it anew. Vorontsovo remains in history as a place where in 1812 they tried to build a secret weapon against Napoleon's troops - the first Russian balloon.

View of the humpbacked bridge and guardhouses with towers

What was the estate in the XIV-XVIII centuries

In the 14th century, the lands where the estate was later built belonged to the wife of the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily, Sofya. They were part of a vast princely patrimony, the center of which was the village of Vorobyevo near Moscow, standing on the Sparrow Hills. According to the surviving documents, it is known that the eminent boyar Fyodor Vasilyevich Voronets became the first owner of the estate, which lies southwest of Moscow. By his last name, the village began to be called "Vorontsovsky", and later - "Vorontsovo".

In the middle of the 15th century, Prince Yuri Vasilievich Dmitrovsky, the grandson of Princess Sophia, took possession of the estate. For another two centuries, the estate passed from one royal relative to another. At the beginning of the 17th century, during the Time of Troubles, Vorontsovo was devastated and became a wasteland. During this difficult period of Russian history, most of the estates and villages near Moscow looked exactly the same.

Changes in the life of the estate came during the reign of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich. The village was presented as a gift to the sovereign's favorite - Prince Boris Aleksandrovich Repnin. He made a dizzying career at court, and from among the stolniks he was elevated by the sovereign right into the boyars. Repnin was given Vorontsovo as a fiefdom, that is, it became his permanent property.

The main gate of the estate

Since the 17th century, the first buildings appeared on the estate, which determined its appearance. Repnin built a stone manor house, outbuildings and a luxurious "Gothic" entrance to the estate. According to one version, one of the most famous Russian portrait painters Fyodor Stepanovich Rokotov (1735-1808) was born in Vorontsovo. In his youth, the famous artist was a serf of the owner of the estate, Pyotr Ivanovich Repnin.

Construction of a military balloon in Vorontsovo

At the beginning of the 19th century, Vorontsovo began to belong to the Repnins' heiress, Alexandra Nikolaevna Volkonskaya. In the spring of 1812, she leased the estate to the civil governor of Moscow, N.V. Obrezkov. One of the most unusual pages in the history of the Vorontsov estate is associated with it.

In early 1812, the German inventor Franz Leppich came to Napoleon with the idea of ​​building a controlled balloon. However, Bonaparte did not support him and expelled him from the country. Without hesitation, Leppich turned with his plan to the Russian Tsar Alexander I. Napoleon's possible attack on Russia was no secret to anyone, and the Russian Tsar made every effort to find effective means to confront the French army.

The idea of ​​​​building a balloon that could lift up to 40 soldiers and about five tons of boxes filled with gunpowder into the air was extremely interested in the sovereign. He instructed Obrezkov to place Leppich with assistants near Moscow and to begin the secret manufacture of weapons against Bonaparte. Vorontsovo was chosen as the place for the construction of the future "flying ship".

Church of the Life-Giving Trinity on the estate

So that no one would know about the secret balloon, the work in the estate was called either a “factory for the preparation of cannon charges”, or an “enterprise for the manufacture of land machines”. For the purchase of iron filings and sulfuric acid, necessary for the production of hydrogen, the treasury allocated fantastic money for those times - 100 thousand rubles.

The balloon was made by about 150 workers - blacksmiths, mechanics, seamstresses and carpenters. Sovereign Alexander I himself visited the secret production. By the beginning of July, Napoleon's troops were already on the offensive in Russia, but the balloon was not yet ready.

When Bonaparte approached Moscow, the evacuation began. The Leppikha enterprise was loaded onto 150 wagons and transported to Nizhny Novgorod, and the parts remaining in Vorontsovo and the body of the "air gondola" were burned. In 1813, the inventor continued the construction of the balloon, first in Nizhny Novgorod and then in St. Petersburg, but he never managed to lift his offspring into the sky.

The history of the estate in the XIX-XX centuries

Napoleon's troops plundered the estate. The French destroyed the art gallery and part of the buildings that were kept here. But in the 20s of the 19th century, Vorontsovo was restored. At that time, the estate was owned by Princess Zinaida Aleksandrovna Volkonskaya. She was a well-known writer and hostess of a popular secular salon, which was visited by many celebrities.

In 1837 Sergey Mukhanov became the owner of Vorontsovo. Under him, the manor park was reconstructed and an orchard was laid. In addition, many new buildings appeared on the estate.

Northern wings

Until the beginning of the 20th century, Vorontsovo changed several owners. In 1911, the estate became the property of the sworn attorney Yevgeny Adamovich Grünbaum. He built a greenhouse building, premises for workers, an office, a kitchen and a brick factory in the new ownership. Many manor houses began to be rented out to wealthy Muscovites as dachas.

In 1918, the new authorities began to use Vorontsovo to house a state farm. The furnishings of the manor house and dachas were plundered, and the Red Army men settled on the territory of Vorontsovo. After the Great Patriotic War, a biological station was kept here. The estate received the status of a monument of gardening art only in 1979.

What can be seen in Vorontsovo today

Today, the manor and park territory protected by the state occupies 40.7 hectares. Its most important part is a cascade of five ponds dug in the 18th century on a tributary of the Ramenka River.

In the mid-2000s, all Vorontsov ponds were drained and thoroughly cleaned. Workers have strengthened the coastline and restored water plants. So today, artificial reservoirs greet the guests of Vorontsovo updated. At any time of the year, you can meet lovers of fishing on their banks, and in summer, everyone can go boating on a large pond.

Big Voronovsky Pond

The estate has long been a favorite vacation spot for residents of nearby neighborhoods. About half of its territory is overgrown with shrubs and trees. Oak and linden predominate among other species. Most of the local oaks have grown naturally, and in the park you can see many trees that are over 110-120 years old. In the north of the estate, rows are noticeable in oak forests. These are traces of plantations that were made on the estate in the 19th century. At the entrance to the estate from the side of Akademika Pilyugina Street, two oaks, which are more than 250 years old, have been preserved.

A lot of hazel grows in the undergrowth of the old park, and nimble squirrels constantly feast on nuts. Birds found shelter in the dense crowns of trees. Visitors to the park really like to feed birds and squirrels, and they constantly hang feeders around the territory.

Some manor buildings in Vorontsovo have been well restored. Among them, a white and pink northern service wing (or greenhouse) occupies a special place. The one-story building in the classical style was erected by the Vokonsky-Repnins after the plunder of the estate by Napoleon's troops.

In Vorontsovsky Park there is a temple consecrated in honor of the Life-Giving Trinity. It appeared here in 1807 from a converted park pavilion. In 1812, the French who visited Vorontsovo desecrated the church, so the owners of the estate had to restore it and consecrate it again.

Voronovsky park

In 1838 the Vorontsovskaya church was reconstructed. The builders rebuilt the bell tower and erected a new warm chapel in honor of Sergius of Radonezh. A century later, during the anti-religious campaign that was carried out by the Soviet government, the temple was closed, and workshops, a warehouse, a store, and then a toy factory were placed inside. The shrine was restored in the 1990s, thanks to the efforts of parishioners.

Not far from the temple there is a worship cross. It was erected in honor of the residents of the southwestern districts of the capital, who gave their lives, eliminating the consequences of the Chernobyl accident. In the central part of the park in 2004, an obelisk was erected, which is dedicated to the defenders of the Russian land. It was erected in memory of all the owners of the estate, who gave their debt to the Fatherland on the battlefield.

Vorontsovo for recreation and entertainment

The homestead has several playgrounds for children of different ages. In addition, the Alley of Games amusement park is open here, which is open on weekdays from 12.00 to 19.00, and on Saturdays and Sundays from 11.00 to 20.00. In the northwest of the estate, you can visit the green labyrinths, which were extremely popular in the parks of the 18th century.

The temple is located on the territory of the former Vorontsovo estate, which belonged in 1767-1837. Repnin. In subsequent years, the estate periodically changed its owners and during the years of Soviet power was given over to the Vorontsovo state farm, which supplied pork to the NKVD. A church was built in one of the garden pavilions in 1807. In 1838, the new owner of the estate, Mukhanov, built a bell tower and the right aisle.

The temple was closed in 1928. After the state farm was abolished and finally the temple was returned to the Church, it was a shapeless ruin: three walls with holes instead of windows, without a fourth wall and without a roof. As a result of the restoration, the temple was revived in a short time. Divine services were resumed in 1990. The main altar was consecrated in honor of the Life-Giving Trinity, the chapel - in the name of St. Sergius.

Trinity in the Vorontsov Church (Akademika Pilyugina Street, house number 1).

In 1767-1768. "for old age and weakness" the owner of the estate, Prince P.I. Repnin arranged a house church here, which bore a rather rare dedication of the Origin of the Honest Trees of the Cross of the Lord. She was in one of the rooms of the master's house. The house church did not last long - until 1777. Soon, church utensils and icons were transferred to the neighboring village of Troparevo. Vorontsovo gradually turned into one of the first dacha settlements, where the Depreradovichs, Korsakovs, Myatlevs, Spichinskys and other representatives of famous Moscow families lived. Perhaps this is connected with the device in 1806-1807. here is the Church of the Holy Trinity, under which the park pavilion of the 18th century was used. This event gave the estate another name - Trinity. During the Patriotic War of 1812, Vorontsovo, where a balloon was being built according to the project of F. Leppich, was looted and burned. The church, which did not operate until 1816, also suffered. In 1838, the church was reconstructed, adding a small two-tiered bell tower and a chapel of St. Sergius of Radonezh to it. Then a cemetery was built nearby.

In 1938 the church was closed and beheaded. The decoration of its interiors was destroyed, and the bell tower was dismantled. The building housed a club, then a warehouse of the Vorontsov general store. In 1948, the estate with all the buildings, including the church, was taken under state protection. After the abolition of the state farm "Vorontsovo" in 1976, the church building turned out to be ownerless and every year more and more destroyed. In the late 1970s, before the Olympic Games in Moscow, the cemetery was demolished. Divine services were resumed in the ruined temple in May 1990. In the 1990s. during the repair work, the church building was restored, the bell tower and the fence were rebuilt. The church shrine is the icon of the Mother of God "Tenderness". Near the church there is a large worship cross - a monument to the inhabitants of the South-West of Moscow, who died during the liquidation of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

Mikhail Vostryshev "Orthodox Moscow. All churches and chapels".

http://rutlib.com/book/21735/p/17

Help for the boarding school was collected by all the churches of the Southwestern Vicariate. The churches of St. Andrew's deanery made a significant contribution to the common cause. The central church of St. Andrew's deanery - the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Starye Cheryomushki, in addition to gifts and money, prepared a play and the entire animation program for children. Assistance was provided by the Charitable Foundation of the Church "Good Deed in Starye Cheryomushki"

All the churches of the Andreevsky deanery thank all the benefactors participating in the collection of assistance for the boarding school. From the Temple of the Life-Giving Trinity in Starye Cheryomushki, in addition to the amount of money, it was possible to transfer new office furniture - two tables, two bedside tables, two chairs, a box with New Year's Christmas toys, 11 kg of sweets, etc. The Moscow Social Puppet Theater "Sunflower" performed at the boarding school for children ( Iliotropion). The theater is part of the social service of the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Starye Cheryomushki. All theater artists are volunteers. The puppet theater showed a moral and instructive performance for the pupils of the boarding school, and also held animation games with them. The Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Vorontsovsky Park gave the children, in addition to the amount of money, a new laptop, winter sleds, a pressure cooker, toys, etc. At the end of the holiday, Priest Alexander Kovtun and church social workers presented memorable gifts to children, administration and teachers, and icons were donated to the prayer room at the boarding school from the parishioners of the Church of the Nativity in Chernev.