Hair loss and thinning is a common problem that both men and women face. Today, many drugs have been developed for its treatment, effective and not very effective. One of the most popular and positively recommended is minoxidil... How does this remedy work, and what results can you expect from it?

What is Minoxidil?

Minoxidil - a vasodilator for internal and external use. It is produced in the form of tablets and a solution, which is used for hair. Outwardly, the solution is a clear liquid with the smell of alcohol, which disappears 10-15 minutes after application. The solution bottle is sometimes fitted with a pipette cap or a spray head with a spray bottle. Some manufacturers provide a set of tools for dispensing and rubbing in the product.

Solution composition:

• Minoxidil
• Ethanol
• Glycerol
• Propylene glycol

The composition may differ slightly depending on the manufacturer. Initially, the drug was used only for the treatment of arterial hypertension, but soon a side effect was noticed - increased hair growth, an increase in their density and quantity. After the studies carried out, the agent began to be actively used to treat various types of alopecia. Minoxidil for hair effectively treats even androgenic alopecia.

When treating the initial stage of baldness, there is a chance to restore all the hair, in especially advanced cases not some bulbs do not wake up, but there will still be a positive result and even if the hair does not become thicker, it will definitely stop thinning.

When used regularly, minoxidil has a stimulating effect on hair follicles and makes them function more actively. After 3-4 months, dormant bulbs awaken, and hair growth is noticeable with the naked eye. After stopping the use of minoxidil, growth may temporarily slow down and even stop, but after 2-3 months of rest, the hair follicles begin their normal work.

What types of minoxidil are there?

Minoxidil is used as a stand-alone remedy or as part of various drugs for the treatment of alopecia. Abroad, this tool is called (in honor of one of the manufacturing companies), there are also various analogues. The largest manufacturer of generics minoxidil kirkland... The difference between the drugs of different companies in the cost and concentration of the active substance. For example, minoxidil Kirkland is cheaper than a similar Regein, but only a solution with a concentration of 5% is produced, which is not suitable for everyone. What types of minoxidil are there?

Minoxidil 2%

Minoxidil 2% - female low-concentration version of the drug

This is the weakest solution and is intended for women. It is believed that minoxidil 2 will not be able to cope with male alopecia, since the concentration of the active substance is too low. The packaging is labeled Womens. But the composition and instruction of minoxidil with a concentration of 2% is no different from other types, therefore it can be used by men. For example, for mild baldness or to maintain the result after treatment. The label on the packaging is misleading for many, but the difference lies in the concentration, color of the box and sometimes in the female version there is an elongated tip for easy spraying of the product with long hair.

Minoxidil 5%

Minoxidil 5 is a great option for men with an early stage of hair loss

Minoxidil 5 is considered the most convenient and common remedy option. It is not for nothing that Kirkland limited production to this particular concentration. Means of 2% are often weak and do not give the desired result, and 15% is too much. Sometimes the instructions of some companies indicate that a 5% solution can only be used by men. But women continue to actively use this concentration and do not complain about the result.

Minoxidil is absorbed by the body, so women should not use a high concentration unnecessarily. This can cause hair to grow in unwanted areas, such as a mustache or beard.

Minoxidil 15%

Minoxidil 15 is a solution with a strong concentration of the drug; only suitable for extreme baldness

This remedy is used exclusively for the treatment of male alopecia. This concentration can negatively affect the female body. Moreover, minoxidil 15 begins to be used only if the 5% solution did not give any results after completing the course or they are not sufficiently pronounced. It is not worth starting treatment immediately with a drug of such a high concentration.

Minoxidil: instructions for use

Minoxidil solution is used externally only. Before the first result appears, at least 2-3 months of correct and constant use must pass.

How to use monoxidil:

1. Before using the product, you need to know that it is applied directly to the skin. You don't need to lubricate your hair.

1. 1-2 ml of the product are rubbed into problem areas with your fingertips for a few seconds.
2. No need to wash off. If you need to wash your hair, then after applying minoxidil you need to wait a few hours for the medicine to be absorbed.

1. Minoxidil is applied 2 times a day with a break of 12 hours for 4-6 months until a stable result is obtained.

1. Wash your hands thoroughly after the procedure. Do not touch other parts of the body with your fingers so as not to provoke hair growth.

1. The solution should only be applied to dry skin. If your head is sweating or wet in the rain, then you need to postpone using the product and dry your hair.

If there is damage to the skin, burns (including sunburn), abrasions, irritation, then minoxidil should not be used.

In the evening, it is advisable to apply minoxidil 2 hours before bedtime so that it has time to be absorbed. Otherwise, it will fall on the pillow, bedding, and then on the skin of the face and body. You can not combine the use of minoxidil with the application of other medical and cosmetic products. They can inhibit the effect of the drug or increase its absorption, which slows down the healing process or can cause unpleasant side effects.

What to do if you forgot to apply the product 1-2 times? Continue treatment as usual. Do not try to compensate for gaps with more frequent or heavy applications. But a pass of several days can slow down the treatment or nullify all previous efforts. You should not stop treatment until a stable result appears.

Possible side effects of using Minoxidil

Possible side effects of Minoxidil:

1. Sometimes using this remedy causes itching, dryness and irritation of the skin. This most often happens when using a high concentration product. People with sensitive skin are advised to start treatment with a 2% solution.

1. Hair growth in various parts of the body. It is often caused by inaccurate use of the drug and its getting on the hands or face. This side effect disappears after stopping the course of treatment.

1. The absorption of minoxidil can affect the cardiovascular system and cause swelling, decreased blood pressure, and increased heart rate. But this is extremely rare and only in people with hypersensitivity to minoxidil.

1. Allergic reaction. It happens very rarely, but if it manifests itself, then you should refuse treatment with this drug.

Immediately after you start using minoxidil, you may notice an increase in hair loss. This is a normal reaction of the body, it gets rid of weak and diseased hair in order to give healthy growth.

No serious or life-threatening side effects have been reported with minoxidil. Minor skin manifestations are rarely a reason to discontinue treatment. Sometimes rashes, irritation and other skin manifestations appear due to wearing wigs. Previously, the remedy was strictly forbidden to use during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but today opinions on this matter are divided.

Where to Buy Minoxidil? Drug price

The most frequently asked questions are where to buy minoxidil and its price. You can buy the product at the pharmacy. If it is not available, many pharmaceutical companies deliver to order. You can also purchase the drug from online pharmacies and shops. The price of minoxidil depends on the manufacturer and the form of release.

When buying, you need to carefully read the product. Sometimes minoxidil-based shampoos, balms and lotions are sold. They are not suitable for the treatment of hair loss and serve to prevent or consolidate the result.

In Moscow, minoxidil 5% of the Kirkland company can be bought at a price of 500 rubles. per bottle 60 ml. In Kiev, minoxidil 5% of this company costs from 200 hryvnia. Regein's funds are approximately 2 times more expensive. Since the treatment with the drug is long, many companies sell kits of several bottles. Buying in bulk can save up to 30% of your money.

Minoxidil: reviews on the use of funds

Simplicity and ease of use, efficiency and availability quickly made the drug popular. It is actively used by both women and men. Numerous positive reviews of minoxidil give hope for the return of hair.

Elena, 28 years old

Hair began to fall out after the birth of my second child, I thought, I will stop breastfeeding, and everything will be fine. But it was not there, even after the cessation of lactation, the situation did not change. Various pharmacy and folk masks, lotions and decoctions did not help, at some forum I learned about minoxidil. At first, the hair began to crumble even more, I was even scared, but then everything returned to normal, a young fluff appeared. I used the product for about 8 months in total.

Maxim 34 years old

Minoxidil was bought by my wife, she said that it is a very effective remedy and helps well. She also said that the treatment should not be stopped, it could get worse. At first, I was constantly afraid that I would forget to smear the medicine. But then I got used to it, I applied it when I went to brush my teeth. Hair began to grow in 3 months. But I did not stop using minoxidil and was treated for about six months, then we went on vacation and forgot it at home. I thought my hair would start falling out again, but it seems so far nothing. One problem - when I go to brush my teeth, something is missing.

Alexey, 41 years old

To be honest, I didn't even think about treating hair loss. Of course, at first I was upset, but then I went through my acquaintances and remembered that many walk with bald patches and nothing. I decided to have a short haircut. While I was looking on the Internet for what to exchange my curls for, I decided to read about hair loss. This is how I learned about minoxidil. On the plus side, I like that it's non-greasy and doesn't need to be washed off. He smeared it and went where he needed to, at least to sleep, at least to work. By the way, my hair began to grow very quickly, and I saw the first result after 2 months.

Antonina, 35 years old

Minoxidil didn't help me at all. I threw my money away and wasted my time. I don't know what the reason is, my aunt quickly coped with hair loss with its help. I used it for a little over 5 months, and my hair just continued to fray. And no more, no less. Everything happened on the same wavelength, as it is now. At first there was even a thought that I had bought a fake. But, most likely, the drug simply does not suit me and I need to look for another remedy.

Andrey, 39 years old

Minoxidil actually helps, I already thought about doing a transplant, since I did not believe in such means. On the male side, we all had a problem with a lack of hair and it did not pass me. But only my father began to go bald at the age of 40, and I much earlier. But now I have become noticeably younger. I have honestly used minoxidil 2 times a day for 7 months and have never forgotten about it. If necessary, I will repeat the treatment again.

Minoxidil is a drug with clinically proven effectiveness. It is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. In 95% of cases of regular and competent use, it helps to stop hair loss and strengthen them. But to get a long-term and solid result, you will have to undergo a course of treatment for a period of at least 6 months.

Minoxidil is an antihypertensive vasodilator drug. In some people, it slows down hair loss and helps restore hair growth. For the treatment of androgenic alopecia, it is available without a prescription.

Application in medicine

Topical minoxidil is widely used to combat hair loss. It effectively stimulates their growth in men and women affected by androgenetic alopecia. About 40% of men experience hair growth after 3-6 months. Minoxidil has been used indefinitely to further support existing hair follicles and normalize hair growth. Treatment typically includes a 5% solution for men and a 2% solution for women. Its effect in people with alopecia areata is not clear.

Minoxidil video

Minoxidil side effects

As a rule, the drug is well tolerated, and among the common side effects are burning or irritation of the eyes, redness or irritation of the treated area, itching. Unexpected hair growth in other areas is also possible. There have been reports of exacerbated hair loss / alopecia.

Severe allergic reactions may include rash, hives, itching, difficulty breathing, tightness in the chest, swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue, chest pain, light-headedness, fainting, tachycardia, sudden and unexplained weight gain, and swollen limbs. Temporary hair loss is a common side effect.

Alcohol and propylene glycol in some topical minoxidil products can dry scalp, leading to dandruff and contact dermatitis. Some minoxidil formulations have replaced lipid nanosomes to reduce contact dermatitis due to alcohol and propylene glycol.

Among the undesirable effects of minoxidil for oral administration are possible swelling of the extremities and face, rapid and irregular heartbeat, pathological changes in the heart, dizziness, focal necrosis of the papillary muscles and subendocardial areas of the left ventricle. Allergic reactions have been reported to minoxidil or the inactive component propylene glycol in some topical formulations. Pseudoacromegaly is an extremely rare side effect when high doses of minoxidil are taken by mouth.

Mechanism of action

The mechanism by which minoxidil stimulates hair growth is not fully understood. It opens potassium channels, resulting in hyperpolarization of cell membranes. Hypothetically, as blood vessels dilate and potassium channels open, the flow of oxygen, blood, and nutrients to the follicle is enhanced. As a result, follicles after the telogen phase are replaced with thicker hairs in the new anagen phase.

As a prodrug, minoxidil is converted by sulfation via the SULT1A1 sulfotransferase enzyme to its active form, minoxidil sulfate. Several studies have shown that sulfotransferase activity in hair follicles predicts drug response in the treatment of hair loss.

Minoxidil is less effective on large areas of hair loss. In addition, its efficacy has been largely demonstrated in younger people who have had hair loss for less than 5 years. The use of minoxidil is indicated only for hair loss at the crown of the head.

History

Minoxidil was developed in the late 1950s for the treatment of ulcers by the Upjohn Company, which later became part of Pfizer. The compound failed to cure ulcers in dog trials, but it proved to be a potent vasodilator. Upjohn synthesized over 200 variations of the compound, and one of them, developed in 1963, was called minoxidil.

After receiving approval to conduct trials of the new drug as a drug for hypertension, two studies were conducted. The second study found unexpected hair growth. Perplexed by this side effect, Professor Chidsey, who was involved in this work, consulted G. Kahn, discussing the possibility of using minoxidil to treat hair loss.

Kahn and colleague P. Grant received a certain amount of the drug and conducted their own research, apparently without notifying Upjohn or Chidsey. Two doctors experimented with a 1% solution of minoxidil mixed with different alcohol-based fluids. They tried to patent a drug to prevent hair loss, but found that Upjohn had already done so. The ten-year trial between Kahn and Upjohn ended with Kahn's name being included in the consolidated one in 1986, and both Kahn and Grant received royalties from the company.

Meanwhile, the effect of minoxidil on the prevention of hair loss was so clear that in the 80s doctors already prescribed it to balding patients. In August 1988, the drug was finally approved in the United States against male pattern baldness under the trade name Rogain. It was concluded that the product was not effective for everyone, but 39% of men experienced moderate growth of thick hair on the crown of their heads. ”

In 1991, Upjohn developed a product for women.

Application features

Minoxidil is applied 2 times a day. For the effect to be maximized, the composition must be in contact with the scalp for 4 hours. Minoxidil stimulates hair follicles and growth, but does not decrease dihydrotestosterone (DHT). It is an enzyme responsible for the deposition around the hair follicle of 5-alpha-reductase, a major mediator of hair loss in genetically susceptible individuals. Thus, when treatment is stopped, DHT produces the expected shrinking effect and ultimately destroys hair follicles in genetically predisposed individuals. There are several forms of minoxidil: drops, foam, and spray.

Minoxidil is the only drug to date that can slow down, and in some cases completely stop the development of androgenetic alopecia. The cause of this disease is a high predisposition of the hair follicle to a hormone called dihydrotestosterone. Moreover, it is produced both in the body of men and in the body of women. It is he who negatively affects the health and growth of hair, because of which they begin to weaken. And then drop out. Some people still have hair on their heads, but they are very thin, brittle and even colorless.

With regular use of minoxidil, you can ensure that the hormone dehydrotestosterone will not adversely affect the hair follicle. And the hair, thanks to the synthesis of a special protein, will stop responding to the negative effect of this substance.

But before you start using minoxidil, you should carefully study all the indications, contraindications, and, of course, side effects that may arise during treatment. And first, we'll talk about what to expect in the first few weeks of using this drug.

What Happens to Hair When You Start Using Minoxidil

After you start using minoxidil for the first, maximum, second week, you will notice that the hair is literally falling off your head. Some become terribly afraid of this and immediately stop using the drug.

But in fact, you should not be afraid of this, since this is normal, and it should be so. Only old hair falls out, which is actually not good for anything. Yes, it's actually pretty hard, but you can survive.

And the most important thing is that in no case stop using the drug, because its main effect has not even begun yet.

This loss of old hair that has stopped growing can last from two weeks to a month. And the number of lost hair per day can be a thousand pieces. But here everything is strictly individual, so it is impossible to say for sure what exactly is waiting for you.

The second stage of hair loss

When the first stage of hair loss is over, after a while, which is about two to two and a half months, the hair that has grown after using minoxidil will begin to fall out again.

What is the reason for the second loss? The thing is that the hair, which has now fallen out, grew from follicles, which are called "fading". They are unable to grow hair to the length we want. But this is only for now.

Therefore, again, one should not despair, but one should continue to use minoxidil daily and not be surprised at the dramatic changes that occur on the head. Moreover, as a rule, hair falls out all at once and it happens in just a couple of days.

The third stage of hair loss

In the sixth month of use, hair that has grown after using minoxidil will fall out again. Therefore, prepare for this stage in advance. Moreover, such periods of loss may occur further, but they will not have such a huge scale, and they will pass almost imperceptibly.

This will end hair loss. And hair that can still grow will continue to grow. Moreover, the higher the sensitivity to minoxidil, the more "extinct" hair follicles can be restored. As a result, the increase can be up to 15% of the initial amount of hair on the head.

At the same time, minoxidil cannot be considered a real panacea for hair loss. It has no effect on the "sleeping", that is, reserve follicles. He is able to restore the activity of only those that, under the influence of the hormone dehydrotestosterone, began to fade away. And the most important thing to remember is that all the products that contain minoxidil cannot grow new hair. They just have a positive effect on those that already exist. We can say that minoxidil is a kind of anabolic for the hair follicle.

When minoxidil won't help

Minoxidil is not a panacea for any type of hair loss. This remedy will not help when the hair follicle has reached the last stage of its dystrophy. In this case, he simply stopped producing hair and it is already unrealistic to get him out of this state.

But we hasten to please - it will take 10 years to go through the last stage of dystrophy. After that, a simple scar forms at the site of the follicle, that is, connective tissue develops. And after that, nothing will help to return the hair.

Androgenetic alopecia is a condition that develops imperceptibly. And only in the rarest cases, only a couple of years pass from the first symptoms to the start of treatment. In all other cases, from the onset of the first symptoms to the start of treatment, it takes 8 years or more. This means that some follicles have died irrevocably and nothing can bring them back to life.

But even the remaining follicles have different degrees of dystrophy, which means that minoxidil will take a different amount of time to revive. Therefore, the visible effect of minoxidil can be assessed only a year after the start of its use.

Cancellation effect

If for some reason you stop using minoxidil for scalp hair growth, you may encounter such an unpleasant phenomenon as the withdrawal effect. This will keep your hair looking exactly the same as it did before using this drug. It doesn't matter at all whether you have been using menoxidil for a year, two or three.

And if you decide to use the drug again, you will no longer get the initial effect. You can achieve excellent results only the first time you use minoxidil. What is the reason for such a riddle is still quite difficult to understand.

What happens if you suddenly stop using the drug for some reason with diagnosed androgenetic alopecia? It should not be forgotten that this condition is a disease and minoxidil is a medicine.

What happens if you stop taking your blood pressure pills, if you have one? That's right, the pressure will rise to the maximum possible numbers, and it will be impossible to cope with it.

The same can be said for minoxidil. Therefore, if you want to have thick and strong hair when diagnosed with androgenetic alopecia, then minoxidil must be taken twice a day and throughout life.

Will minoxidil be as effective after 5 to 10 years of continuous use?

It is impossible to answer only yes or no to this question. Each person is an individual, so it is rather difficult to say exactly what will happen in 5 or 10 years of use.

There is information on foreign forums that if you use this drug in the initial dose every day and twice a day, then it will be as effective as in the first year of use.

However, most people begin to relate to such a procedure carelessly, start skipping evening or morning use, change the dose and do everything possible to stop the drug from working. And then they write reviews that minoxidil, which began to return lost hair so well, suddenly stopped working at all.

Possible side effects

When used externally, side effects can be as follows:

1. Itchy scalp;
2. Dandruff;
3. Enhanced facial hair growth;
4. Strengthening body hair growth;
5. Lowering blood pressure;
6. Palpitations;
7. Swelling of the face.

This does not mean at all that you will have all these side effects. It is possible that you will not feel any of them. And don't forget, every organism is an individual. Moreover, such a side effect as the growth of hair on the face or body is associated, rather, not with increased sensitivity, but with the accuracy of application, and also with the fact that you have not forgotten to wash your hands after using it.

Let's now try to figure out how to deal with each of these side effects.

Itchy scalp and dandruff are most common. But in most cases, such a side effect is not caused by the active substance, but by additional components.
Tips like this can help here:

1. Frequent shampooing, ideally every day;
2. Using shampoos or hair balms for dandruff;
3. Using moisturizing toners to normalize the scalp;
4. Consider substituting foam for minoxidil lotion.

The second side effect, which occurs in 99% of all cases, is increased facial and body hair growth, resulting in thick eyebrows, antennae, beard and vellus hair throughout the body.

There is only one advice here - to use epilation.

Here, only one thing pleases - when the adaptation period ends, the growth of hair on the body and on the face will stop by itself.

Now let's look at such a side effect as low blood pressure. Why it happens? Initially, the drug was intended specifically to treat hypertension - high blood pressure. Therefore, in people who have naturally low blood pressure, under the influence of minoxidil, it will become even lower.

But you shouldn't be afraid. After a couple of weeks of regular use of the drug, this side effect will disappear by itself.

And finally, edema. They also completely go away on their own after a couple of weeks of use. And so that they are not noticeable in the morning, you should not use the medicine just before bedtime.

Minoxidil, Regaine - PRICE

The price for minoxidil, Regain and other drugs is set by the manufacturer. Minoxidil is available in Europe under the brand name Regein, in the US it is called Rogaine (Pfazer Inc). Regaine and Minoxidil 5% is a scientifically approved drug for the treatment of baldness and hair regrowth. Designed specifically to combat hair loss and baldness.

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Minoxidil, Regaine

Hair loss is excessive if a person loses over a hundred hairs daily. Minoxidil and preparations based on it - Rogaine, Spectral.DNC, Follicare and others are the most effective remedies for hair loss today. These anti-baldness medicines work on the cellular structure of the hair follicles, stimulate their blood supply and restore their activity.

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Alopecia treatment

Our site is dedicated to the most popular and effective treatments for hair loss. Here you will find modern effective remedies for hair loss, remedies for hair restoration and scalp health, and preparations that stop and restore hair loss. Male pattern baldness and hair loss occurs in one in three men over the age of 25. Fortunately, minoxidil preparations can stop it and get your hair back.

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Female alopecia

Alopecia in women or, in other words, female pattern baldness often occurs due to hormonal disorders of the body. In most cases, hair loss and baldness in women is temporary. If in men such a problem does not require an indispensable medical intervention, then hair loss in women is most often a disease, and quite serious.

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Androgenic alopecia

Male pattern baldness and hair loss occurs in one in three men over the age of 25. This male pattern baldness is called "androgenic alopecia", it is caused by hereditary causes and hormonal conditions of the body and is very common. Fortunately, minoxidil preparations are able to treat this condition by getting your hair back.

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Don't waste your time

It is very difficult to cure baldness, but not impossible. Hair loss can and should be stopped. Don't waste your time. While you are thinking about purchasing a remedy for hair loss, your hair does not hesitate to leave your head! The sooner you buy and apply minoxidil or regaine, the more likely your hair is to be preserved. Save them - act now!

Price (cost) of minoxidil in pharmacies in various cities of Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Rostov, Yekaterinburg, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnodar, Nizhny Novgorod, Voronezh, Volgograd)

Reviews of minoxidil

The site provides background information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. A specialist consultation is required!

What kind of medicine is minoxidil?

Minoxidil - This is a drug that has several therapeutic effects at once. In medical practice, it is used to treat alopecia ( baldness) in men and women, since when applied externally ( that is, when applied to the surface of the skin) stimulates hair growth. At the same time, the drug is used to treat people suffering from arterial hypertension ( disease of the cardiovascular system, in which there is a marked increase in blood pressure), since it has the ability to reduce blood pressure in the blood vessels.

Principle and mechanism of action of minoxidil

To understand how this medication works, you need to have an idea of \u200b\u200bhow hair grows on the human body.

Under normal conditions, hair growth and development goes through three phases:

• Anagen phase. At this stage, there is an active division of hair follicle cells and intense hair growth. This phase lasts from 2 to 5 years.
• The catagen phase. At this stage of development, hair growth stops, and the hair follicle decreases in size.
• Telogen phase. At this stage, the cells of the hair follicle do not divide at all, and the hair can be easily and painlessly removed while brushing.

With continued use, minoxidil increases the duration of the anagen phase, thereby increasing the number of growing hairs on the affected skin area. The exact mechanism of the therapeutic action of minoxidil in baldness has not been established, although its effectiveness in this pathology has been proven by many studies. It is assumed that the effectiveness of the drug is due to the expansion of blood vessels of the skin. As a result, the blood supply and nutrition of the hair follicles are improved ( from which hair grows), which stimulates their growth. In addition, with prolonged use, the drug promotes the formation of new blood vessels at the site of application, which, in turn, improves metabolism in tissues. Also, the possibility of direct ( stimulating hair growth) the action of the medication.

How does minoxidil work on blood pressure?

With systemic use, the drug stimulates the flow of potassium into smooth muscle cells located in the walls of blood vessels and providing their tone. As a result, these cells relax, and the tone of the blood vessels decreases, which is accompanied by a decrease in blood pressure. This effect of the drug is used to treat hypertension ( high blood pressure).

Is Minoxidil a hormone or not?

Hormones are special substances that are secreted by various glands of the human body and perform specific functions. For therapeutic purposes, some hormones are synthesized in artificial conditions, after which they are introduced into the body. Minoxidil is not a hormonal drug, as it is not synthesized by human organs.

Composition, release forms, types and analogues of minoxidil

Initially, the drug was produced in the form of a solution, but later manufacturers began to include minoxidil in various creams, lotions and other substances.

Minoxidil solution 2% and 5% ( minoxidil kirkland, inteli, regain)

The most common form of release of the drug contains 2% or 5% minoxidil solution. In addition to the main active component, the solution contains 96% alcohol, as well as propylene glycol ( solvent and filler).

The solution is a clear, colorless liquid with a faint smell of alcohol. It is produced in special bottles with a capacity of 60 ml each. The package contains 6 bottles, as well as a special measuring pipette designed for more accurate dosing of the drug.

Foam minoxidil

Unlike the solution, 5% minoxidil foam does not contain propylene glycol filler, as a result of which it is devoid of associated side reactions ( skin peeling, itching, burning). It can be used as easily as a solution. The drug is produced under various trade names in special plastic boxes or cans equipped with a dispensing nozzle. When applied to the skin, the foam dries quickly without leaving any residue.

Spray minoxidil ( alerana, Generolon)

The spray is a 2% or 5% solution of minoxidil ( as well as auxiliary components - 96% alcohol and propylene glycol), which is in special 60 ml bottles. The vials are equipped with spray nozzles, which facilitate the process of uniform application of the drug on large body surfaces. A spray is produced under the trade names Alerana, Generolon, Regaine.

Gel mask ( cream) for hair sunlight

The drug is produced in the form of a cream or gel, which contains 1% or 6% minoxidil solution in combination with other active ingredients, which allows you to achieve a more pronounced therapeutic effect. The mask is produced in special bottles, which can be equipped with a dispensing tip, which also facilitates the use of the drug.

Minoxidil lotion with azelaic acid ( azelomax)

This is a combination drug effective for severe baldness. In addition to the main component, the lotion contains azelaic acid, which blocks the inhibitory effect of androgens ( male sex hormones) on the hair follicles. This enhances the action of minoxidil by stimulating hair growth.

The drug is produced in special bottles in the form of a 3.5%, 10% or 15% solution of minoxidil in combination with a 5% solution of azelaic acid. The box also contains a special dosing pipette that allows you to accurately calculate the dose of medication.

Head shampoo with minoxidil

Shampoo with minoxidil can be used after the main treatment is canceled, during which the drug was applied to the affected skin area in the form of solutions or foam. Also, shampoo can be used during the gradual withdrawal of minoxidil, which will reduce the severity of possible adverse reactions and prevent sudden hair loss.

Such a shampoo cannot be used as the only treatment for baldness, since the concentration of the active substance in it is relatively low. Moreover, when the shampoo is washed off from the scalp, the minoxidil included in its composition is also removed, as a result of which the therapeutic effect will be even less pronounced.

Minoxidil tablets

For oral administration ( with arterial hypertension, that is, for the treatment of high blood pressure) the drug is available in the form of tablets, each of which contains 5 mg or 100 mg of minoxidil. For the treatment of hypertension in adults, the drug is administered orally at an initial dose of 5 mg 1 to 2 times a day. If the effectiveness of the treatment is not pronounced enough, every three days the daily dose can be increased by another 5 mg. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 100 mg.

To lower blood pressure in children under 12 years of age, the dose of the drug is calculated based on the child's body weight, that is, 200 micrograms ( 0.2 mg) per 1 kilogram of weight 1 time per day, but not more than 50 mg per day.

Preparations based on minoxidil ( cosilon, alopexy, regaine)

As mentioned earlier, today minoxidil is available under various trade names, and is also an active ingredient in many combination medicines.

Minoxidil is part of such drugs as:

• Cosilon - 5% solution, available in 60 ml vials and intended for the treatment of baldness.
• Alopexy - 2% or 5% solution or spray of minoxidil, available in bottles of 60 or 100 ml.
• Regaine - 2% or 5% solution or spray and 5% foam that does not contain propylene glycol filler.

Analogs ( alternative) minoxidil ( stemoxidin, aminexil, procapil)

If you cannot buy or use minoxidil ( for example, if a person has an individual intolerance to this drug), it can be replaced with various analogs that have similar healing effects.

Minoxidil can be replaced if necessary:

• Stemoksidin - a drug that stimulates the growth of new hair by transferring hair follicles from the telogen phase to the anagen phase.
• Aminexil - a drug that strengthens hair follicles and hair roots, thereby preventing hair loss.
• Prokapil - a drug that improves blood microcirculation in the skin ( stimulating hair growth), strengthens the hair roots ( preventing them from falling out), and also blocks the negative effect of male sex hormones at the level of hair follicles.

Indications for the use of minoxidil

Indication for local ( externalA) the use of minoxidil is baldness. Inside, the drug is used to combat high blood pressure, which cannot be treated with other medications.

AHA ( androgenic alopecia, alopecia, focal and diffuse hair loss on the head) in women and men

This is a genetically determined disease in which hair follicle cells show an increased sensitivity to male sex hormones ( androgens). Under the influence of androgens, certain changes occur in them, as a result of which the hair follicles themselves decrease in size, and the hair stops growing ( the anagen phase is shortened).

With the development of the disease in men, there is a decrease in hair growth in the frontal region of the scalp, since the cells of the hair follicles in this area are most sensitive to the action of androgens. AGA can also be observed in women, however, due to the low concentration of male sex hormones in the female body, the disease is not so pronounced.

Is minoxidil effective in chemotherapy?

With chemotherapy ( treatment of malignant tumors with various medications) minoxidil is ineffective. This is explained by the mechanism of action of chemotherapeutic ( antineoplastic) drugs. The fact is that a malignant tumor is mutated cells that divide ( multiply) an infinite number of times. Antineoplastic drugs block the division of tumor cells, but they also inhibit the processes of cell division in the tissues of the whole body, including hair follicles, which is accompanied by hair loss. Thus, the use of minoxidil or its analogs will be ineffective as long as the chemotherapeutic drug is present in the skin tissues.

Minoxidil for the growth of beard, stubble, eyebrows, eyelashes, chest and body hair

The drug effectively stimulates hair growth not only on the scalp ( with baldness), but also in other parts of the body. Long-term systematic use of a 2% or 5% solution ( as well as foam or lotion) minoxidil stimulates the development of hair follicles in the facial area, promoting the growth of beard and stubble. At the same time, there is an increase in the growth rate of existing hair, as well as the appearance of new ( that is, the beard becomes thicker). The same effect was observed when the drug was applied to the eyebrow or chest area ( there is a certain increase in the number of hairs and their length), although there are no indications in the official instructions regarding the use of the medication for such purposes.

It is not recommended to use minoxidil to stimulate the growth of eyelashes, since the active substance and auxiliary components ( of which alcohol and propylene glycol) can get on the cornea and damage it.

Does minoxidil stimulate the growth of gray hair?

The color of the hair is given by the pigment melanin, which is synthesized by special cells ( melanocytes), located in the skin. With age, melanin synthesis slows down, as a result of which its amount in the hair decreases. This leads to the appearance of gray hair - first in some parts of the body, then in others. If minoxidil is used under such conditions, it will begin to stimulate the growth of hair follicles and the hair itself, but it will not in any way affect the melanin synthesis process ( which is genetically controlled). This will cause gray hair to grow as quickly as normal hair.

Which is better - minoxidil or burdock oil?

It is impossible to unequivocally determine the best drug, since each of them has certain medicinal properties and is prescribed for certain diseases.

Minoxidil is a drug that improves blood circulation in the skin and blocks the negative effects of male sex hormones ( androgens) on hair growth. Burdock oil also stimulates blood microcirculation in the area of \u200b\u200bapplication, but lacks antiandrogenic ( blocking the effect of male sex hormones) actions. At the same time, this oil has a moisturizing effect ( does not dry the skin), prevents the formation of dandruff ( scales in the scalp), and also has a certain antibacterial effect ( prevents the development of infection). In addition, it helps to strengthen the hair roots, thereby preventing hair loss. Oil is used to strengthen the hair, to restore its shine after previous diseases, as well as in case of baldness or excessive hair loss ( not related to chemotherapy).

Instructions for the use of minoxidil

To achieve the maximum therapeutic effect when using the drug, you must strictly follow all the rules and recommendations regarding its use.

Method of application and dosage of minoxidil

In the treatment of baldness, the drug should be used only externally, applied to the surface of the skin where hair growth is to be stimulated. With mild and moderate baldness, which began to develop no more than 2 - 3 years ago, treatment should be started with drugs ( solutions, sprays, lotions, foams and so on) containing 2% minoxidil. If the therapeutic effect is not pronounced enough, after a few months you can switch to 5% drugs.

Regardless of the dosage form used, before using the drug, the skin in the area of \u200b\u200bapplication should be rinsed with warm water and allowed to dry completely. After that, you need to evenly apply the drug to the affected area of \u200b\u200bthe skin.

Directions for use and dosage of minoxidil

Release form	Method of administration and dosage
Solution	If you are using a solution or lotion, you can use a special dropper that comes in a box of minoxidil. In this case, the recommended single dose of the drug will be 1 ml, which must be applied to the bald skin area 2 times a day ( the maximum daily dose is 2 ml, regardless of the area of \u200b\u200bthe affected skin area on which the substance is applied). After applying the solution, let it soak for a few minutes, and then return to daily activities.
Lotion
Spray	The spray is produced in special bottles equipped with dispensing nozzles. A single dose when using a spray is the same as when using a solution ( 1 ml, which, when using Aleran, is 7 pressings on the dispenser). The drug should be applied 2 times a day. After application, let the skin dry for a few minutes.
Foam	The foam is produced in special cans equipped with a dispensing cap. A single dose of the drug is half the cap. The foam should be applied to the affected area of \u200b\u200bthe skin, evenly distributing it with the palm of your hand. The drug should be used 2 times a day.

After applying minoxidil, you should thoroughly wash your hands with soap and water, as a small amount of the substance remaining on the surface of the palms can cause the development of side effects ( especially in the case of using more concentrated preparations).

Do I need to rub in minoxidil?

After applying the drug to the skin, it is recommended to stroke it with your fingertips ( pressing lightly) for 30 - 60 seconds. This will promote a faster and deeper penetration of the active substance, as a result of which the therapeutic effect will be more pronounced.

Should minoxidil be rinsed off?

You should not rinse off minoxidil after applying it, since the drug is practically invisible on the skin and does not create visible imperfections. In addition, after application, only a small fraction of the drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation, while most of the active substance remains on the skin surface. If you wash your hair at the same time ( especially with shampoo), minoxidil will be washed off the surface of the skin, as a result of which the effectiveness of the treatment will decrease. For the same reason, it is not recommended to put on a cap on the head immediately after applying the preparation, since in this case a certain part of it will not enter the skin, but will remain on the fabric of the headdress.

How many ( how long) to use minoxidil and when will the first results appear?

First results ( a noticeable increase in the amount of growing hair on the treated skin area) will appear no earlier than after 2 - 4 months of daily use of the drug. At the same time, it should be noted that the maximum effect develops in at least 6-12 months, but completely disappears ( hair starts to fall out again) after drug withdrawal. If a person wants the positive effect to persist for a long time, he will need to use minoxidil constantly ( for many years in a row).

How long does a bottle of minoxidil last?

A standard bottle of minoxidil solution contains 60 ml of the drug. It should be used 2 times a day, applying 1 ml of solution to the surface of the affected skin area. With this use, 1 bottle of minoxidil is enough for exactly 30 days.

How to stop minoxidil properly?

After prolonged use of minoxidil, abrupt withdrawal of the drug can lead to the appearance of undesirable side effects, in particular to a sharp flow of hair. That is why the drug should be withdrawn gradually. The daily dose of minoxidil should be reduced first. For this, the drug should be used once a day for 1 - 2 weeks. After that, you should start using the substance not daily, but after 1 - 2 days ( that is, 3 times a week). So the drug should be used within 1 - 2 weeks, after which you can completely abandon it.

At the same time, it is worth remembering that with androgenic alopecia, the withdrawal of minoxidil will be accompanied by hair loss, regardless of how the drug is canceled ( immediately or gradually).

Why use minoxidil and finasteride at the same time?

Finasteride is a drug that lowers the concentration of testosterone ( male sex hormone) in the patient's blood. The drug is used to treat hormone-dependent tumors of the prostate gland, but it can be used in combination with minoxidil for the treatment of baldness, since a decrease in the concentration of male sex hormones is also accompanied by increased body hair growth.

Can minoxidil be used concurrently with nicotinic acid?

Nicotinic acid is a vitamin that regulates the body's metabolism. In addition, this substance has a certain vasodilating effect, as a result of which it can improve blood microcirculation in the tissues of the body ( including in the scalp). This effect can enhance the therapeutic effect of minoxidil, as a result of which the simultaneous use of these drugs will be accompanied by more pronounced hair growth.

Contraindications to the use of minoxidil

Minoxidil is considered a relatively safe drug. At the same time, there are a number of contraindications that limit its use.

It is prohibited to use minoxidil externally:

• In the presence of infectious and inflammatory processes in the area of \u200b\u200bapplication. In this case, the application of minoxidil will stimulate microcirculation in the focus of infection, which can promote the spread of infectious agents with blood flow throughout the body.

• If there are burns on the skin. The drug should not be applied to burned skin, as the expansion of blood vessels caused by it will contribute to a more extensive and pronounced tissue damage.
• In the presence of tumors in the area of \u200b\u200bapplication. Although minoxidil by itself does not affect the growth or development of tumors ( which has been proven by many studies), the improvement of microcirculation provoked by it can promote the spread of tumor cells to other parts of the body ( that is, the appearance of metastases).
• If there are injuries or abrasions in the area of \u200b\u200bapplication. The drug should be applied only to whole, intact skin. Otherwise, the active substance can be absorbed into the systemic circulation in excessively high concentrations, which can lead to the development of systemic effects ( lowering blood pressure) or complications.

It is not recommended to use minoxidil inside:

• With low blood pressure. In this case, the dilation of blood vessels caused by the drug can cause an even greater decrease in pressure. At the same time, a person can lose consciousness or even die.
• With pheochromocytoma... This pathology is characterized by the formation of a tumor that is located in the adrenal glands ( special glands of the human body) and secretes a large amount of hormonal substances - adrenaline and norepinephrine. These substances provoke an increase in blood pressure, an increase in heart rate and other similar effects. Over time, the body adapts to the increased concentration of these hormones in the blood. If minoxidil is prescribed at the same time, a pronounced decrease in blood pressure can occur, which will lead to the development of complications.
• With stenosis ( constriction) the mitral valve. With this pathology, the process of pumping blood by the heart is disrupted due to a pronounced narrowing of the lumen of its valve, which separates one cavity of the heart muscle from another. If at the same time minoxidil is prescribed, pronounced vasodilation can provoke a critical decrease in blood pressure, the development of heart failure and the death of the patient.

Allergy to minoxidil

Allergy is a pathological condition in which the intake of a certain substance into the body is accompanied by severe adverse reactions ( swelling of the mucous membranes and breathing problems, dilated blood vessels and a drop in blood pressure, skin rashes, and so on). If a person has ever experienced similar phenomena while using minoxidil, prescribe this drug ( as well as other drugs that include minoxidil) he is strictly prohibited. In addition, allergies can develop not only to the active substance, but also to auxiliary components ( for example, for propylene glycol - a filler that is part of minoxidil solutions). In this case, it is recommended to use a medication in the form of a foam that does not contain propylene glycol.

Why is minoxidil dangerous during pregnancy?

It is not recommended to use the drug during pregnancy planning or carrying a child, as this can negatively affect the process of its development. Animal studies have shown that when a dose is administered 2 to 5 times the maximum recommended dose, intrauterine embryo death may occur in the early stages of development. Although clinical studies have not been conducted to identify the effect of minoxidil on pregnancy in humans, the results of animal studies do not exclude the possibility of a harmful effect of the drug on the developing fetus.

It is also worth noting that the systemic use of the drug ( in the form of tablets) can lead to a pronounced decrease in blood pressure ( especially in case of overdose). As a result, the blood supply to the placenta may be disrupted ( the organ through which oxygen and nutrients pass from the mother's body to the fetus), which can also cause impaired development or even intrauterine fetal death.

It is also not recommended to use the drug during breastfeeding, since minoxidil is excreted in breast milk and can enter the child's body, causing him to develop allergies or other complications.

Can i shave while using minoxidil?

You can shave while using the drug, since the shaving process ( any razor and any number of times) does not affect the therapeutic effect of minoxidil in any way. Moreover, if a long beard or bristle is grown during the treatment, when the drug is applied, a certain part of the active substance will remain on the hairs, not reaching the skin and hair follicle, which may slightly reduce the effectiveness of the treatment.

At the same time, it is worth noting that washing your face or applying special gels or lotions to moisturize your skin after shaving can remove minoxidil from your skin. That is why it is recommended to apply the product after shaving and all related procedures.

Can minoxidil be prescribed to children?

Minoxidil in any form is not recommended for children under 18 years of age. The fact is that at this age androgenic alopecia ( baldness caused by male sex hormones), which is the main indication for the appointment of minoxidil, is extremely rare. Therefore, if the child begins to lose hair, first of all, the exact cause of the disease should be identified.

It is also not recommended to use a drug to lower blood pressure in children, since there are other, more effective medications for this that have fewer adverse reactions.

Side effects and harm of minoxidil

Adverse reactions can be observed both with local application of the drug, and when taken orally in the form of tablets.

External use of minoxidil can be complicated by:

• Contact dermatitis. This is an allergic skin reaction resulting from the application of a certain substance ( allergen). In addition, contact dermatitis may result from the use of minoxidil solutions containing the filler propylene glycol ( even if the person is not allergic to any of these substances). Dermatitis is manifested by pronounced redness and swelling of the skin. At the same time, patients complain of increased sensitivity of the affected area, sometimes itching may appear ( burning). Treatment consists in the abolition of minoxidil ( or using non-propylene glycol foam) and the use of antiallergic drugs.

• Eczema. This is an inflammatory skin reaction that can develop in some people with prolonged use of minoxidil, especially at high concentrations. It is manifested by redness and swelling of the skin, on which many small bubbles form. The bubbles soon burst, and in their place there are small ulcerations, covered with yellowish crusts. The skin may itch and peel off.
• Erythema. This term denotes severe redness of the skin caused by the expansion of small blood vessels. The cause of the complication may be an allergy to the components of the drug used, as well as prolonged skin irritation with propylene glycol.

When taken orally, the use of minoxidil can be complicated by:

• Allergic reactions. Allergies can manifest themselves as a common skin rash or take on a severe course, accompanied by severe edema of the skin and mucous membranes, respiratory failure, a drop in blood pressure, and so on.
• Swelling. Minoxidil can promote sodium and water retention in the body, resulting in mild swelling of the skin and mucous membranes ( in the area of \u200b\u200barms, legs, face). Treatment consists in discontinuing the drug and using diuretics ( which remove fluid from the body). However, you should be careful, as the simultaneous use of diuretics and minoxidil can cause an excessive drop in blood pressure.
• Damage to the central nervous system. The use of the drug may be accompanied by periodic dizziness and headaches, which may be associated with an excessive decrease in blood pressure and impaired blood supply to the brain. If dizziness occurs, you should take a horizontal position ( lie down) to avoid losing consciousness and falling. In the future, a single dose of the drug should be reduced.
• Damage to the hematopoietic system. It is extremely rare in patients taking minoxidil for a long time, thrombocytopenia may develop ( a decrease in the concentration of platelets - blood cells responsible for stopping bleeding) and leukopenia ( a decrease in the concentration of leukocytes - the protective cells of the body's immune system

Flaky skin and itching

Dryness, peeling of the skin and slight burning ( itching) in the area of \u200b\u200bapplication of the drug is observed in more than 5% of patients using minoxidil for the treatment of baldness. The development of these reactions is associated with the irritating effect of propylene glycol, which is part of the drug solutions. To avoid this, it is recommended to use minoxidil foam that does not contain propylene glycol.

At the same time, it is worth noting that excessive peeling and burning of the skin can be a manifestation of allergic reactions, contact dermatitis or eczema. In this case, you should consult a dermatologist who will diagnose and prescribe the necessary treatment.

Why does hair fall out after minoxidil?

During the first weeks after the start of the application of minoxidil, there may be increased hair loss at the site of application of the drug. This is a normal reaction related to the mechanism of action of the medication.

As mentioned earlier, during the development of the hair follicle there are three phases - the anagen phase ( intensive growth), the catagen phase ( cessation of growth) and telogen phase ( rest). The mechanism of action of minoxidil is to activate the hair follicles, that is, to transfer them from the resting phase to the growth phase. As a result, the cells of the hair follicles begin to divide intensively, and the old hair that was in them earlier falls out. Thus, hair loss during the first 4-6 weeks of treatment may indicate that the drug has begun to exert its therapeutic effect.

Facial hair growth

This complication develops with local use of the drug and can be observed in both men and women. Facial hair growth ( hypertrichosis) there may be misuse of the drug, during which part of the active substance gets on the skin of the face, where hair should not normally grow. Another reason may be the use of excessively large doses of the medication, which can be observed with too frequent application of minoxidil to the scalp or chin ( more than 2 times a day), as well as when using too large a single dose ( more than 1 ml).

Prevention ( prevention) and the treatment of this complication is to be careful when using the medication. If during the application of minoxidil part of the solution, foam or spray gets on the skin of the forehead, cheeks or eyelids ( where hair growth is undesirable), the face should be washed several times with warm water. If hypertrichosis has developed due to the use of too large doses of the drug, the drug should be discontinued or the dose used should be reduced. In this case, the loss of "extra" hair in the face area will occur within 1 - 2 months.

Can acne appear after minoxidil?

Acne ( eels) is associated with a disruption in the functioning of the sebaceous glands of the skin, as well as with hormonal changes in the body. Minoxidil does not affect the function of the sebaceous glands and does not contribute to the appearance of acne. At the same time, it should be noted that the appearance of a small skin rash can be observed with eczema and other allergic skin lesions. In this case, it is recommended to consult a dermatologist to clarify the diagnosis and treatment.

Does minoxidil contribute to dandruff?

Dandruff is characterized by excessive flaking of the skin ( predominantly scalp), developing against the background of various skin diseases. When using minoxidil, there may also be an increased formation of pityriasis scales in the area of \u200b\u200bapplication of the medication, but this reaction is associated with the irritating effect of the components that make up the drug ( in particular propylene glycol), and not with a violation of the processes of cell division in the skin. When minoxidil is canceled or the dose used is reduced, the described phenomena disappear without a trace.

Can minoxidil deplete hair follicles?

Even long-term use of minoxidil does not lead to depletion of hair follicles. Moreover, the use of this medication helps to improve microcirculation in the skin in the area of \u200b\u200bthe hair follicles, which only increases the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to them, stimulating hair growth.

Does Minoxidil Affect Potency?

In animal studies, it was found that a fivefold excess of the recommended dose can cause impaired fertility, and also inhibits sexual behavior. Such studies have not been conducted in humans. At the same time, the drug is not recommended for use in patients ( for both men and women) with impaired sexual functions, as well as undergoing treatment for infertility or planning to have a child in the near future.

Does Minoxidil Affect the Heart?

With local application of the drug in recommended doses, only a small fraction enters the systemic circulation ( less than 1.5%) of the active substance. As a result, the use of minoxidil externally is not prohibited even in the presence of heart disease.

When taken orally, the drug causes the expansion of blood vessels, which can lead to complications from the heart muscle.

Systemic use of minoxidil can be complicated by:

• Tachycardia ( an increase in heart rate, heart rate). The increase in heart rate is a protective reaction that develops in response to a pronounced decrease in blood pressure. In healthy people, this does not lead to any disorders. At the same time, in patients with heart failure ( heart failure) this can lead to disruption of the blood supply to the heart muscle and provoke the development of complications ( heart pain, heart attack, that is, the death of a part of the muscle fibers of the heart muscle, and so on).
• More pronounced edema in heart failure. Heart failure is characterized by a violation of the pumping function of the heart, as a result of which the patient may develop edema in the lower extremities. The use of minoxidil can promote fluid retention in the body and increase heart rate, which will further increase the stress on the heart muscle. The severity of edema will increase, and other complications may develop ( such as heart attack).
• Arrhythmia. Violation of the frequency and rhythm of heart contractions can develop against the background of a decrease in pressure and an increase in heart rate.
• Hydrothorax. This term refers to the accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs. The reason for the development of this complication may be fluid retention in the body against the background of heart failure.
• Hydropericardium. With this pathology, fluid accumulates in the heart bag ( pericardium), which leads to compression of the heart muscle and a violation of its pumping function. The reasons for the development of complications are the same as in hydrothorax.
• An attack of angina pectoris. Angina is a heart disease in which the blood vessels that feed the heart muscle are affected. As a result, the heart begins to lack oxygen and energy, which is manifested by characteristic pressing chest pains. When using minoxidil, blood pressure decreases, which triggers reflex tachycardia ( increase in heart rate). At the same time, the heart's need for oxygen and energy increases, which leads to the development of an attack of angina pectoris.

Does minoxidil affect the intestines?

The use of minoxidil in recommended doses ( outwardly or inwardly) does not have any effect on the gastrointestinal tract. When conducting clinical studies in patients taking minoxidil orally in the form of tablets, there was no nausea, vomiting, diarrhea ( diarrhea), constipation or any other adverse reactions.

"Synchronization" when using minoxidil

Synchronization is the process of changing hair follicles that occurs after the start of drug use. The essence of this phenomenon lies in the fact that before the use of minoxidil, part of the hair follicles were in the "dormant" phase, that is, they were inactive. After applying the drug, hair begins to grow actively. However, they grow from small, "weakened" follicles that cannot provide their full development. As a result of this, the hair that begins to appear after using minoxidil falls out after about 1 - 2 weeks, reaching a length of 1 - 1.5 cm.You should not be afraid and stop using the drug, since this phenomenon ( called primary sync) quite normal.

The second time, this can be observed at 3 - 4 months after the start of using the drug, that is, the grown hair will fall out again. After this, the manifestations of synchronization cease, since the hair follicles reach the required size and can provide full hair growth. It is extremely rare that synchronization can be observed at a later date, but in this case it is weakly expressed ( only a small part of the hair falls out).

Will there be a "rollback" ( withdrawal syndrome) after canceling minoxidil?

After stopping the use of minoxidil in the vast majority of patients, there is a so-called "rollback" ( withdrawal syndrome). Its essence lies in the fact that within a few months all the hair that has grown under the influence of the drug will fall out again. At the same time, those hairs that were on the patient's head before using the medication remain in place. In other words, the positive effect of minoxidil is observed only as long as the person continues to apply it to the affected area of \u200b\u200bthe head, and after the drug is discontinued, the scalp ( or beards, stubble) returns to the same state in which it was before using the medication.

Is minoxidil addictive?

Minoxidil is not addictive. The "rollback" observed when the drug is discontinued does not refer to manifestations of physical or psychological dependence, but is a normal phenomenon that develops as a result of the cessation of the intake of the active substance in the tissues of the skin.

Is it possible to overdose with minoxidil?

When applied externally, a single application to the skin of any amount of the drug will not cause any adverse reactions. With prolonged use of too large doses of the drug, as well as with too frequent ( more than 2 times a day) application of minoxidil to the skin may develop hypertrichosis ( hair growth in the area of \u200b\u200bthe skin of the face, where it should not normally grow). Allergic reactions may also appear ( peeling, dry skin, itchy skin, redness, and so on). Treatment consists in discontinuation of the drug.

Taking too much minoxidil ( more than 100 mg per day) inside can cause an excessive decrease in blood pressure, which will lead to disruption of the functioning of the cardiovascular system. This can be manifested by an increase in heart rate, arrhythmias ( violation of the rhythm of heart contractions), headaches or dizziness ( as a result of a violation of the blood supply to the brain) etc. Treatment should be carried out in a hospital and includes replenishment of the circulating blood volume ( by intravenous infusion of solutions) and the use of vasoconstrictor drugs ( in order to increase blood pressure).

What if minoxidil doesn't work?

The main indication for the use of minoxidil is the treatment of androgenic alopecia, that is, alopecia caused by an increased sensitivity of hair follicle cells to male sex hormones. When treating this pathology with minoxidil, a positive result is observed in more than 85% of patients. At the same time, it is worth noting that in some cases minoxidil may not be effective.

Minoxidil May Not Help:

• For other causes of baldness. If hair loss is due to chemotherapy ( treating tumors with special medications), minoxidil will not help restore hair. Also, the drug will be ineffective if the hair falls out as a result of skin infections, as well as with improper care of them ( for example, if a woman constantly pulls them into a ponytail, uses too many chemicals to shape her hair, and so on). In all these cases, you first need to eliminate the cause of hair loss, after which they ( most likely) will grow back on their own.
• With insufficient dosage of the drug. If a person has been suffering from baldness for 10 years or more, the use of a 2% solution of minoxidil may not have any therapeutic effect. In this case, a more concentrated preparation should be used, that is, a 5% solution.
• If used incorrectly. To achieve a therapeutic effect, the drug should be used regularly, applying to the affected skin area 2 times a day daily. If a person skips or pauses ( not using minoxidil for several days or weeks), the hair will not start growing.

Price ( cost) minoxidil in pharmacies in different cities of Russia

The cost of the drug may vary depending on the form of release, the concentration of the active substance and the manufacturer. Also, certain differences can be observed depending on the city in which minoxidil is sold, due to the additional costs associated with the transportation and storage of the drug.

The cost of minoxidil in cities of Russia

City	The price of various forms of minoxidil
	Minoxidil solution 5% 60 ml ( regaine)	Minoxidil foam 5% 60 grams ( regaine foam)	Spray minoxidil 5% 60 ml ( alerana)	Spray minoxidil 2% 60 ml ( alerana)
Moscow	1578 rubles	1418 rubles	917 rubles	730 rubles
St. Petersburg		1315 rubles	935 rubles	820 rubles
Ekaterinburg	1499 rubles	1400 rubles	905 rubles	813 rubles
Krasnoyarsk	1417 rubles	1385 rubles	813 rubles	649 rubles
Krasnodar			855 rubles	670 rubles
Nizhny Novgorod	1399 rubles	1390 rubles	809 rubles	646 rubles
Voronezh	1507 rubles	1395 rubles	825 rubles	658 rubles
Volgograd	1470 rubles	1300 rubles	840 rubles	670 rubles

Do I need a prescription to buy Minoxidil?

You do not need any special prescription from your doctor to purchase minoxidil. The drug can be freely purchased at any pharmacy.

Shelf life of minoxidil

The shelf life of the drug is 3 years from the date of manufacture. The date of manufacture should be indicated on the carton in which the drug is sold, as well as on the bottle, spray can or box with tablets. It is forbidden to use the drug if the expiration date and / or date of manufacture is not indicated on the packaging or in the instructions.

Can expired minoxidil be used?

Use an expired drug in any form ( whether it be solution, foam, spray, lotion, tablets and so on) is prohibited, as this can cause the development of complications. With the local application of an expired drug, severe allergic reactions, itching, peeling, and so on are possible. When taking expired minoxidil tablets inside, it is possible to develop nausea, vomiting, diarrhea ( diarrhea) and other systemic violations. The therapeutic effect in both cases may be absent.

How to store minoxidil?

Minoxidil should be stored in a dry, dark place, as direct sunlight can destroy the active components of the drug. Also, the drug should be stored out of the reach of children, otherwise the child may find it and use it for other purposes ( for example, drink a solution of minoxidil, which is intended for external use only, take many tablets of the drug, and so on). This can cause the development of formidable complications from the cardiovascular and other systems of the child's body.

How to distinguish minoxidil from a fake?

Today there are many scammers who, under the guise of minoxidil, sell absolutely useless ( and sometimes harmful) substance.

• Buy drugs from well-known brands and manufacturers (such as minoxidil Kirkland, regaine, intel).
• Buy the drug only at pharmacies. It is not recommended to order minoxidil on questionable Internet sites, as it will be extremely difficult to assess the quality and authenticity of the purchased product.
• Don't chase the low price. Minoxidil is a relatively expensive drug due to the costs associated with its production. If anyone offers to sell a cheaper form of minoxidil ( for example, 2 - 3 times cheaper than in a pharmacy), most likely the medication will be counterfeit or expired.