Myopia eyes what it is, types of correction and prevention, ICD code and examples of the photo. Congenital myopia is high: how to stop and cure? Myopia is a high degree code on the ICD

12.10.2020

Myopia or myopia (code on the ICD-10 N52.1) is optical violation of vision, in which a person poorly distinguishes the objects at the far distance. In this violation, the image is not fixed on the retina, but in front of it, but the main reason for this is the increased length of the eyeball. Myopia is more often developing in adolescence, then special glasses or lenses are selected. Myopia is a variety of ametropia. Another reason for the anomaly can be reinforced fixation of the rays by the eye system, but this option is extremely rare.

A person with myopia excellently distinguishes the image at close range, but to see the items away, it is necessary to use lenses or glasses.

In addition to the main sign of the disease (poor vision, away), there are also accompanying symptoms of violations. A person sees items fuzzy, the world around the far distance seems blurry.

The main feature of myopia is a clear vision of objects near, but if a person sees a bad person, it's already about a different violation of vision. There are light and heavy myopia, in which the degree of distinction of objects is different. IN launched cases A person sees the objects well only "in front of the nose itself", and in order to read something, you have to bring a sheet of paper close to the eyes.

For easy degree Violations The person sees well next to the arranged objects and may assume that he is far away, but sees the image blurred.

There are malignant myopia (MKB-10 H44.2), but it is already considered in another key.

Myopia can be combined with astigmatism, then there are such symptoms:

split objects;
image distortion;
straight contours seem curved.

There are different degrees of myopia:

weak - up to 3 D (diopters);
average - from 3.2 to 6 d;
heavy - more than 6.2 D.

The first degree of myopia is characterized by lengthening the eyeball by 1.5 mm more than the norm. At the same time, a person nearly sees everything, and in the outline of the objects are lost and the picture becomes blurred. With the average degree of eye is 2-3 mm longer. In this case, the vessels and shell are significantly stretched, the retinal dystrophy is observed. A person distinguishes the items no further half a meter.

A high degree can achieve even 30 diopters, it is characterized by various eye changes. The bottom thinned, through the vascular shells and the retina can be seen.

Distinguish the following types of myopia:

congenital - a rare form when the diagnosis is already put in the first days of life, the reason is the intrauterine anomaly of the eyeball;
false - appears in the accommodation spa and disappears independently after the normalization of the ciliary muscle tone;
combination - It is found when the length of the eyeball and the refractive force of the rays is not increased, but their combination cannot determine the normal refraction;
complicated - myopia, combined with other anomalies of the eyes, which can lead to partial or complete loss of vision;
refractive - violation due to the strong refraction of the rays of the optical system of the eye;
axish - appears with an enlarged length of the eyeball and there is such a form more often than others;
progressive - It is characterized by a constant change in the length of the eyeball and stretching the rear eye.

Myopia may appear both from birth and at any age. The main reason is more often invisible for humans, and vision worsens gradually. When the ability is already lost normally, the person appeals to an ophthalmologist for choosing points or lenses.

Myopia is diagnosed with not only the correction of vision of optical instruments, but also a detailed survey of the eye system to identify possible concomitant diseases. This applies to the myopia of any extent and form. Often, this violation is accompanied by such anomalies as dystrophy, stretching the eye dna, retinal detachment.

The patient may require consultation and further assistance to a surgeon for laser correction of violation. With a high degree of disease, the retina dystrophy occurs, which leads to loss of vision. Each violation requires a separate approach to eliminate such consequences as blindness.

In myopia, the following techniques use:

Photorefractive kerattectomy (FRK).
Laser keratomiasis.
Laser correction.

FRK - This is a relatively new vision correction technology. It is especially effective in myopia to 6 diopters. With severe, the result is not always predictable, but there is a possibility of re-interference.

Laser keratomilose - This is an operation on the correction of myopia, which is considered the most comfortable for the patient. After intervention, the patient no longer needs glasses and lenses. Laser keratomilosis allows you to correct vision in the range from -15 to +10 diopters.

Laser correction - This method does not correctly correct the myopia, as compensates for it. During the operation, an incision of the top layer of the cornea is made and the optical surface is changing, which in the future causes the image to focus on the retina, and not in front of it. The operation may have complications, including the destruction of the vitreous body. Before laser correction requires a detailed examination of the patient.

In some cases, it is required laser adagingAs in the case of a strong destruction and tile of the retina. This condition is especially dangerous for older people who can completely lose sight and become disabled. Fine treatment can lead to a sclera and hemorrhage, and in a serious case to detachment. The most difficult thing to cope with the launched myopia, which other violations of vision are accompanied.

According to statistics, every third person on Earth suffers from myopia. This pathology of the refraction of the eye is more often manifested as a decrease in visual acuity away. Poinovy \u200b\u200bpeople weakly seize remote objects, but they see the objects located close to the distance. In the world of medicine, myopia is called myopia. In the international classification of diseases (ICD-10), this disease was assigned code H 52.1.

Myopia (in the lane. From ancient Greek - "pike eyes") - this is a defect of view, in which the image is formed not on the retina, as it happens, and in front of it.

In myopia, a person considering remote objects, usually pursues, as a fuzzy image appears on the retina, the blurred image.

In ophthalmology, it is customary to classify myopia to the following types:

Congenital myopia. It is rare and due to the anomalies for the development of the eyeball in the fetus.
High myopia. This is a form of myopia, the degree of which exceeds 6.25 diopters.
Combination myopia. It is characterized by a small degree of myopia, at which the refractive power of the optical system of the eye and the length of its optical axis is not combined, which reduces the refraction of vision.
False myopia. It occurs with increasing the tone of the ciliary muscle and disappears when the spasm passes.
Transient myopia (option of false myopia). It may arise against the background of the main disease of the organism (for example, diabetes) or due to the reception of certain drugs.
Night myopia. Appears with a lack of light and disappears with increasing illumination.
Axial myopia. It occurs with a high length of the optical axis of the eye.
Complicated myopia. Accompanied by anatomical changes in the eyes, which over time lead to loss of vision.
Progressive myopia. It is characterized by a gradual increase in its degree due to the stretching of the rear eye.
Refractive (optical) myopia. Due to the excessive refraction of the optical system of the eye.

Experts allocate 3 degrees of myopia:

weak (up to 3 diopters);
average (from 3.25 to 6 diopters);
high (Over 6 diopters).

Myopia is congenital or acquired. Congenital myopia is rare, but, as a rule, is complicated, that is, is accompanied by pathologies of eye development and weakness. Sometimes it can be corrected, but there are cases when innate myopia is not cured. Acquired myopia arises due to a number of reasons, it can progress, leading to further impairment of vision.

Myopia is considered progressive if the vision is declining annually on one and more diopters.

Also, myopia can be called:

accommodation spasm (at a young age);
keratoconus (change in the shape of the cornea);
shifting lens (during injury);
sclerosis lens (in old age).

Often the disease develops with the enhanced growth of the eyeball, so the progression of myopia is mainly observed among young children. In this case, the process stabilizes in about 18-20 years.

The development of myopia contributes to tense visual work at close range. This explains the frequent impairment of vision in children during the training period in primary schools. Excessive tension stimulates the development of false myopia in a child, and in the absence of timely treatment, the false form of the disease can go into the true one.

In recent years, due to the use of display equipment (computers, mobile phones, e-books, etc.), there is an increase in the number of patients with accementary spasm. Many ophthalmologists believe that the prolonged availability of spasms contributes to an increase in the size of the eyeball, which leads to myopization of the eye.

Physiological myopia does not always lead to a significant reduction in visual acuity. However, if the process does not stabilize and the eyeball will continue to grow, a myopic disease occurs.

Myopia can intensively progress from students (usually against the background of maximum vision loads), in parallel with the growth of their organism. Myopia is a high degree is a serious illness that leads to pathological changes in the vascular and mesh shells of the eye. It can lead to such complications as:

retinal disinsertion;
glaucoma;
full loss of vision.

The early beginning of myopia can signal the increased risk of developing a high degree. The first signs of myopia:

squinting;
low head slope;
the desire to sit down closer to the TV;
pain in the eyes (often occurs when working at close range);
headache.

It is extremely important to identify problems with vision in a timely manner. The child is desirable to check the visual acuity every year since the beginning of study at school. When detection, it is necessary to immediately begin treatment.

An ophthalmologist can diagnose myopia. Depending on the degree of complexity of the disease, the doctor may assign the following types of eye surveys:

visometry;
perimetry;
skiascopia;
refractometry;
ophthalmometry;
ophthalmoscopy;
echography.

Myopia a priori is not cured, but amenable to correction.

Today, ophthalmologists successfully apply 7 generally accepted methods for the correction of myopia:

glasses;
contact lenses;
laser vision correction;
refractive replacement of lens (lensctomy);
implantation of faky lenses;
radial keratotomy;
keratoplasty (cornea plastic).

Depending on the degree of the disease, a person may experience a permanent or temporary need for glasses (for example, when reading or needing to see the subject at a distance when viewing television programs or movies, when working at a computer or while driving a car). The strength of the glasses and contact lenses is denoted by a negative number. Modern surgery is able to reduce or completely eliminate the need for use with glasses or contact lenses. Most often, such operations are carried out using special lasers.

In recent years, innovative technology for the correction of myopia has appeared - photorefractive keratectomy (FRK), at which excimer lasers with a wavelength of 193 nm are used. The most good results this method gives a degree to 6.0 diopter in myopia. With higher degrees of myopia, it is recommended to apply the transfrk technique to eliminate the likelihood of regression of the disease.

Laser keratomyosis is a combined laser-surgical surgery for the correction of not only myopia, but also of hyperopia, as well as astigmatism. A similar operation is recognized today the highest-tech and most convenient for the patient, since it is painless and allows in a short time to return the highest possible vision without glasses and contact lenses. With the help of laser and surgical intervention, a high degree of myopia is possible (up to -13 DPTR).

Correction - does not mean full curable disease of the disease.

Correction only allows you to compensate for myopia using a laser by changing the profile of the top layer of the cornea. The laser beam, managed by a computer, makes an incision in the upper corneal layer and changes the optical surface of the cornea for a few seconds, forcing the image to focus accurately on the retina. Then the outbound flap returns to the place, allowing you to avoid damage to the top layer of the cornea. There have been cases of side effects, one of them is the destruction of the vitreous body. To minimize risks, a thorough examination must be carried out.

In case of untimely treatment or illiterate correction of myopia, the progression of the disease is possible, as well as the emergence of such complications as:

education stafil sclera (protrusion);
dystrophy;
metsky and vitreous hemorrhage;
retinal detachment.

Recently, there is a rapidly growing prevalence of myopia among young people in Asia (Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore), where 80-90% of schoolchildren are subject to the disease. In the US and European countries, indicators are significantly lower, but also high (20-50%). In Russia, more than 50% of secondary school graduates and gymnasiums are currently recorded cases of myopic refraction.

Thus, the prevention of the development of myopia today is of paramount importance.

This pathology leads to a decrease in vision in working age, which leads extremely negative consequences.

As the main prevention measure, an annual examination of the eye specialist is recommended to identify the early reducing and timely correction of myopia.

Atrophy of the optic nerve.

Do you need glasses to work at the computer read here.

Chronic will take away:

Myopia or myopia is a disease that is important to reveal at an early stage. Watch your vision, look after the child's behavior while reading or viewing an object at a remote distance to notice the disease on time and begin treatment. Do not run myopia, at the first signs of its signs immediately go to the ophthalmologist. Myopia will highly lead to complications and complete loss of vision. Remember this.

Myopia is called a disease, during which a person has a disintegration of visual acuity due to the lack of focusing rays on the retina. The standard Mopathic code on the ICD 10 consists of the following symbols: H52.1.

The disease is in the class of pathological processes of the eye and the section of disorders of the muscular layer, accommodation and refraction. Myopia is located in the category of diseases associated with incorrect operation of accommodation and refraction. In everyday life, this pathology is called myopia, which means the deterioration of the vision of distant items.

The following, close to myopia disease, are additionally encoded:

malignant myopia;

degenerative view of myopathy;

endoofthalmites, accompanied by a decrease in visual acuity.

Myopathy code contains the necessary information about etiological factors, pathogenesis, clinic, diagnosis and treatment of the pathological process. Thanks to the international classification of diseases, doctors at any point in the world will be able to properly diagnose and apply the optimal principles of therapy, which will be founded by individual treatment protocols.

The development of myopia is based on the wrong operation of the optical lens of the eye apparatus, which is why the image focuses before the retina, and not on it.

Thus, a person sees objects fuzzy. Such a problem may be congenital, more often due to anomalies of the intrauterine period or heredity. In the acquired myopathy, the main role is played by the depletion of the optical apparatus due to overvoltage of vision. These changes are not always reversible, therefore people with myopia recommended replacement correction Specially selected lenses.

Also, the disease may have a stationary course (visual acuity remains stable), progressive (there is a gradual deterioration in clarity), transient (characterized by secondary, temporary decrease in sharpness).

In medical protocols, three types of therapeutic measures are allocated for myopia:

Optical correction. The lenses or glasses are used, which are selected individually attending the patient, taking into account all the characteristics of the patient's body. As a rule, this therapy allows you to slow down the progression of pathology.

Training and exercises. Treatment is suitable for patients with a weak degree of pathology, which evolved due to the overvoltage of the eye apparatus, for example, due to computer work.

Surgery. It is applied in the launched situations when other techniques are powerless. Patients are replaced by lens or implanted special lenses.

In ICD 10, myopathy is characterized as a dangerous pathology (starting from the average severity), requiring certain restrictions in physical exertion.

Myopia or myopia is one of the most common diseases in ophthalmology. The disease is diagnosed both in children and in adults and is often transmitted by inheritance, hitting members of one family from generation to generation.

According to the international classification of disease, myopia has the following code: H52.1

The disease has several types of flow, develops rapidly or slowly (depending on the type of flow). Leads to severe complications and can cause full blindness.

If the disease is not treated, then it can bring to full blindness

The disease is associated with older people, elderly grandparents, but in fact, myopia is the illness of young, about 40-60% of school graduates suffer from it. And among children 6-7 years, the percentage of morbidity does not exceed 30-40%.

The disease is adjusted with glasses and lenses, they are recommended to wear on an ongoing basis or use from time to time (depending on the type of myopia). But such a correction is not a medicine from the disease, it helps only adjust the patient's condition, and not stop the progress of the disease.

Possible complications of myopia:

Retinal disinsertion.

Dystrophic changes of retinal vessels.

A sharp decline in visual acuity.

Digger detachment.

A long and noncompensated course of the disease leads to severe complications, to get rid of which even operational intervention will not help.

Myopia can be successfully combined with other diseases of the eyes, starting with astigmatism and ending with retinal pathologies.

In most cases, myopia progresses slowly, a number of factors may provoke its sharp development:

long-term load on organs of vision;

violation of blood flow to the brain;

prolonged stay at the computer (case in harmful radiation).

The cause of a person's profession, its addiction to computer games, work with mile objects, etc.

You can try to describe the world, the eyes of a person who has myopia. He sees a fuzzy, blurring picture. Her borders merge, which does not allow a person to accurately consider the image in detail.

This is due to the fact that the "picture" is not formed on the retina, as it should be, but before it, which leads to a violation of the perception of the image. It is less likely to diagnose a strong refraction of rays that come into contact without reaching the retina.

On video - Disease description:

Diagnose the disease will help the planned inspection from the ophthalmologist. It does not cause any difficulties, for this reason myopia is easily diagnosed in any cases.

Symptoms at myopia worried the following:

Increased fatigue of organs of vision.

Blur image, reducing visual acuity.

The inability to see the image located away.

The appearance of "flies" or glare before your eyes.

Initially, a person draws attention to the fact that he poorly sees items located from it at a certain distance. Near it sees clearly, can read the inscriptions, books, distinguishes the small size of the letter. But much depends on the degree of myopia. If it is high, then problems may occur when reading the inscriptions written in small fonts.

The first thing for what is worth paying attention is on the fast fatigue of the organs of view, while on the background of such a factor, it is noted: the appearance of pain or sharpening in the eyes, a decrease in visual acuity, the appearance of "flies" or glare before the eyes.

Signs can be disturbed on an ongoing basis or from time to time (as with false myopias), with visual loads, symptoms are enhanced, accompanied by headaches, dizziness, etc.

There is an extensive classification of myopia in ophthalmology, there is the degree of development of this disease. If we talk about them, it can be conditionally classified myopia as:

weak - with a decrease in vision of up to 3 diopters;

middle - with a decrease in visual acuity to 6.25 diopters;

high - with a decrease in visual acuity above 6.25 diopters.

In the early stages of the development of the disease, the correction is made with the help of glasses, at later stages, preference is given to contact lenses.

Myopia is classified by both types, it happens:

Congenital - A rare species, diagnosed in a child in the first year of life and over time progresses, is dangerous with complications and rapid development related to the growth and development of the baby.

False - It is characterized by the presence of temporal symptoms, the signs are manifested only under certain circumstances, after which they independently disappear, specific treatment does not require.

Night - Another kind of myopia, the symptoms are worried only at night, with normal lighting a person sees well.

Progressive- It is characterized by rapid development and most often leads to complications. With the unfavorable development of events or in the absence of adequate therapy, it may cause blindness.

Degenerative myopia - eye disease, with dystrophic changes and a drop in visual acuity below 6 diopters. This type of disease most often leads to disability and severe complications.

Refractive - due to excessive refracting force of the optical axis of the eye.

Complicated - accompanied by anatomical changes in the structure of organs of view, which lead to a rapid decrease in visual acuity.

Transit - A variety of false myopia, which is often diagnosed in people with systemic diseases (diabetes) can develop against the background of receiving certain drugs.
Such a disease occurs in respect with other diseases

Malignant - Differs in rapid progress, leads to complications and may cause full loss of vision.

The classification is very extensive, but this separation helps to differentiate the disease and competently choose the patient treatment.

There are several reasons for the occurrence, conventionally can be divided into 2 groups: congenital and acquired.

If we talk about congenital causes of the disease, then they are due to the hereditary factor. That is, as such a disease is not transmitted by inheritance, only a predisposition to it is transmitted.

But during the attitude of adverse factors, myopia can "declare" about themselves. If it is diagnosed in a child, then the likelihood is that the progress of the disease will have a direct connection with the growth of the baby and its development.

If we talk about the acquired causes of occurrence, they may include:

with systemic diseases;

with age-related changes;

with professional activities;

All this can be regarded as the cause of myopia. But this disease, often, occurs as a complication of another pathology, which is available in humans. It can be diabetes mellitus, heart disease or vessels, violation of blood flow to the brain, etc.

On video - causes of the disease:

This question is considered ambiguous, since it is nominally disabilities only to those people who have severe diseases leading to the impossibility of self-service fully.

There is an erroneous opinion that disability at myopia is given if it reaches a high degree, but it is not quite so.

Alternatively can count on receiving a pension.

Patients with degenerative myopia.

People with myopia, which led to complications in the form of dystrophic or degenerative changes of the retina.

With a high degree of myopia, its rapid progress is the likelihood of obtaining disability above. But it all depends on the specific case. The decision is made by the Commission, the general condition of the patient is estimated and its ability to perform self-service functions.

The Commission will also evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy, if the treatment does not bring the result for a long period of time, then the chances of obtaining disability is very high.

There are several treatment methods that are used in the presence of myopia to varying degrees. Therapy is carried out with the help of medicines, the possibility of surgical intervention and other methods for the correction of violations in the work of organs of vision are discussed.

Applies both as treatment of the main disease and as a method of prevention. It implies the use of any apparatus by which therapy will be carried out.

The greatest effectiveness of such treatment is different in children, it can be carried out using:

magnet;

laser;

electrophoresis;

vacuum simulators, etc.

Therapy acts as add-ons to drug treatment with the use of various drugs and vitamins. The procedure set is developed individually, based on the patient's condition.

As a rule, hardware treatment, successfully combined with eye gymnastics, for this reason, it is recommended to perform exercises for organs of vision, during such treatment.

On video - the process of treatment of myopia:

The greatest effectiveness is different in the presence of false myopia, the cause of which the spasm of the ciliary muscle is considered. This type of disease is treated with drops, they help to remove spasm, but during long-term use can lead to an increase in intraocular pressure.

List of drugs:

TropicsD.
In order to establish in the norm of eye pressure, this agent is most often used.

Skopolamine.

In myopia, other medicines are used, we are talking about vitamins (for the overall strengthening of the body) and preparations that improve the permeability of tissues, they can be attributed to them:

Rutin;
Integrated tool that should be applied by appointment of a doctor

Trental;

Sodium gluconate.

In the presence of the need, the doctor may write other medicines, each case is considered individually, therapy is complemented by the necessary drugs.

It implies surgical intervention, performed by various methods, is often combined with a crystal replacement or cornea transplantation.

So, the main varieties of surgical operations at myopia:

FRK or photoforephractive keratectomy.

Laser correction by Lasik.

Radial keratotomy and keratoplasty.

Refractive crystal replacement.

On Video - Description of the laser correction procedure according to the Lasik method:

Operational intervention is associated with certain risks, for this reason the operation is made only in the presence of testimony, in order to stop the progress of the disease. It is worth noting that children under 18 surgical interventions are rarely conducted, since their effectiveness is temporary, because the child's body is growing and developing.

Treatment of children is carried out with the help of various methods, the operation is excluded, it is carried out only in severe cases.

When conducting therapy in small patients is permissible:

use of devices;

application of medicines;

conducting vitamin therapy.

Often, the child's parents with myopia arises the question of whether the baby is engaged in physical culture and sports?

Limitations are superimposed only on those kids who have a high degree of myopia. The rest of the children, with an average and weak degree of myopia sports and physical education harm will not bring. According to scientists, children with myopia often have other diseases, compensate which (to a certain extent) will help sports.

The question of how a woman will give birth with a high degree of myopia remains open. There are a number of absolute contraindications in which the ophthalmologist recommends that the cesarean section can be attributed to any:

Complications of myopia.

Retinal detachment.

A sharp decline in visual acuity during pregnancy.

Full loss of vision by 1 eye.

If the disease during pregnancy is actively progressing, then preference is given to Cesarean section, it will help to avoid complications.

If the progress of the disease is not observed and the woman is diagnosed with the myopia of medium or weak, it can give birth independently, without operational assistance. But even in difficult cases, the decision is made jointly with an ophthalmologist, pregnant must rely on the recommendation of the doctor, but the choice will have to do it yourself.

On video - description of the disease during childbirth:

As part of preventive procedures, you can advise:

visit ophthalmologist 1 time in 6 months;

avoid severe visual loads;

do gymnastics;

take vitamins and prescribed drugs;

fully eat;

contain inpatient treatment in the presence of vision problems.

In the framework of prevention, it is recommended to monitor the state of the organs of vision, when characteristic symptoms appear to see the doctor. This will diagnose the disease at an early stage of development and compensate or adjust its current.

Myopia is common, well-studied, but often a dangerous disease that can lead to severe complications. For this reason, it is worth treating myopia, leading to her observation, it will help to avoid retinal detachment and dystrophic changes.

According to statistics, every third person on Earth suffers from myopia. This pathology of the refraction of the eye is more often manifested as a decrease in visual acuity away. Mostory people weakly see remote objects, but they see the objects located at close range. In the world of medicine, myopia is called myopia. In the international classification of diseases (ICD-10), this disease was assigned code H 52.1.

What it is?

In myopia, a person, considering remote objects, usually pursues, since a fuzzy, blurred image appears on.

Views of myopia

In ophthalmology, it is customary to classify myopia to the following types:

Congenital myopia. It is rare and due to the anomalies for the development of the eyeball in the fetus.
High myopia. This is a form of myopia, the degree of which exceeds 6.25 diopters.
Combination myopia. It is characterized by a small degree of myopia, at which the refractive power of the optical system of the eye and the length of its optical axis is not combined, which reduces the refraction of vision.
False myopia. It occurs with increasing the tone of the ciliary muscle and disappears when the spasm passes.
Transient myopia (option of false myopia). It may arise against the background of the main disease of the organism (for example, diabetes) or due to the reception of certain drugs.
Night myopia. Appears with a lack of light and disappears with increasing illumination.
Axial myopia. It occurs with a high length of the optical axis of the eye.
Complicated myopia. Accompanied by anatomical changes in the eyes, which over time lead to loss of vision.
Progressive myopia. It is characterized by a gradual increase in its degree due to the stretching of the rear eye.
Refractive (optical) myopia. Due to the excessive refraction of the optical system of the eye.

Degrees of myopia

Experts allocate 3 degrees of myopia:

weak (up to 3 diopters);
medium (from 3.25 to 6 diopters);
high (over 6 diopters).

The reasons

Myopia is congenital or acquired. Congenital myopia is rare, but, as a rule, is complicated, that is, is accompanied by pathologies of eye development and weakness. Sometimes it can be corrected, but there are cases when innate myopia is not cured. Acquired myopia arises due to a number of reasons, it can progress, leading to further impairment of vision.

As sees a man in glasses and without in myopia

Myopia is considered progressive if the vision is declining annually on one and more diopters.

Also, myopia can be called:

accommodation spasm (at a young age);
keratoconus (change in the shape of the cornea);
shifting lens (during injury);
sclerosis lens (in old age).

Often the disease develops with the enhanced growth of the eyeball, so the progression of myopia is mainly observed with younger age. In this case, the process stabilizes in about 18-20 years.

The development of myopia contributes to tense visual work at close range. This explains the frequent impairment of vision in children during the training period in primary schools. Excessive tension stimulates the development of false myopia in a child, and in the absence of timely treatment, the false form of the disease can go into the true one.

What night lenses are better looking at.

Physiological myopia does not always lead to a significant decrease. However, if the process does not stabilize and the eyeball will continue to grow, a myopic disease occurs.

Myopia can intensively progress from students (usually against the background of maximum vision loads), in parallel with the growth of their organism. - This is a serious illness that leads to pathological changes in the vascular and mesh shells of the eye. It can lead to such complications as:

retinal disinsertion;
full loss of vision.

Symptoms and diagnostics

The early beginning of myopia can signal the increased risk of developing a high degree. The first signs of myopia:

squinting;
low head slope;
the desire to sit down closer to the TV;
pain in the eyes (often occurs when working at close range);
headache.

It is extremely important to identify problems with vision in a timely manner. The child is desirable to check the visual acuity every year since the beginning of study at school. When revealing a decline, it is necessary immediately.

An ophthalmologist can diagnose myopia. Depending on the degree of complexity of the disease, the doctor may assign the following types of eye surveys:

visometry;
perimetry;
skiascopia;
refractometry;
ophthalmometry;
ophthalmoscopy;
echography.

Treatment

Myopia a priori is not cured, but amenable to correction.

Methods for correction of myopia

Today, ophthalmologists successfully apply 7 generally accepted methods for the correction of myopia:

glasses;
contact lenses;
laser vision correction;
refractive replacement of lens (lensctomy);
implantation of faky lenses;
radial keratotomy;
keratoplasty (cornea plastic).

Information about carnival lenses is below software.

Depending on the degree of the disease, a person may experience a permanent or temporary need for glasses (for example, when reading or needing to see the subject at a distance when viewing television programs or movies, when working at a computer or while driving a car). The strength of the glasses and contact lenses is denoted by a negative number. Modern surgery is able to reduce or completely eliminate the need for use with glasses or contact lenses. Most often, such operations are carried out using special lasers.

And also read how to cure cataract without surgery.

How do myopia and hyperopia arise, read in

Correction - does not mean full curable disease of the disease.

Correction only allows you to compensate for myopia using a laser by changing the profile of the top layer of the cornea. The laser beam, managed by a computer, makes an incision in the upper corneal layer and changes the optical surface of the cornea for a few seconds, forcing the image to focus accurately on the retina. Then the outbound flap returns to the place, allowing you to avoid damage to the top layer of the cornea. There have been cases of side effects, one of them is the destruction of the vitreous body. To minimize risks, a thorough examination must be carried out.

Thus, the prevention of the development of myopia today is of paramount importance.

This pathology leads to a decrease in vision in working age, which leads extremely negative consequences.

As the main prevention measure, an annual examination of the eye specialist is recommended to identify the early reducing and timely correction of myopia.

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conclusions

Myopia or myopia is a disease that is important to reveal at an early stage. Watch your vision, look after the child's behavior while reading or viewing an object at a remote distance to notice the disease on time and begin treatment. Do not run myopia, at the first signs of its signs immediately go to the ophthalmologist. Myopia will highly lead to complications and complete loss of vision. Remember this.

Some signs that at first glance seem unimportant can be or glaucoma. Therefore, when you or the child starts, do not slow down, consult a doctor.

What it is?

Myopi? I (in front. From ancient Greek - "Pick eyes") - This is an impact of view, in which the image is formed not on the retina of the eye, as is normal, but in front of it.

In myopia, a person considering remote objects, usually pursues, as a fuzzy image appears on the retina, the blurred image.