Dentist blacklisted. "Black dentists" forced to open mouth

04.06.2017 18:00

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Dentistry at the metro station Kakhovskaya

Kakhovskaya metro station passes by Kakhovka street, Malaya Yushunskaya street and Azovskaya street. Near this metro station are the shopping center "Sevastopol", Chertanovsky district court. Station code 026 working hours from 5:35 to 1:00.

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Dentistry near Akademicheskaya metro station

They pass by the Aviamotornaya metro station Leninsky prospect, Avenue 60th anniversary of October, Profsoyuznaya street, Vavilov street and Dmitry Ulyanov street. Near this metro station there is the State Darwin Museum, the Ulan Bator cinema. Landmark - the beginning of Profsoyuznaya Street (monument to Ho Chi Minh). Opening hours from 5:35 to 0:40.

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Dentistry near the Novye Cheryomushki metro station

Profsoyuznaya street, Garibaldi street and Nametkina street pass by the Novye Cheryomushki metro station. Next to this metro station are the shopping center "Panorama", Office social protection population of the Cheryomushki region and the Main Information Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Station code 103, working hours from 5:23 to 1:00.

The stomach always complains of teeth. This folk wisdom looks to the very root. After all, if food enters the stomach well-chewed, abundantly diluted with saliva, the gastrointestinal tract will function in a sparing mode and no ulcers, gastritis will touch it.
So that good teeth - an indispensable attribute of health. But the trouble is, people with absolutely healthy teeth one or two and missed.
And this problem is not due to today's bad atmosphere and carcinogenic food. She didn't show up today. Long before the new era, at the very beginning of time, people suffered from toothache, learned to care for and treat their teeth, and invented fillings and prostheses.

Ancient teeth

The art of dealing with toothache is one of the oldest branches of medicine. Representatives of all civilizations and peoples have contributed to it. Moreover, many inventions in this area, which are still used by dentists, were made centuries and even millennia ago.
Already 8-9 thousand years ago, people tried to treat their teeth - evidence of this was found by archaeologists during excavations in Pakistan. Moreover, in the most diverse cultural layers of the ancient world, skulls with traces of dental implants made of animal bones, shells or metal were found.
Dental diseases are mentioned in the famous ancient Egyptian medical treatise known as the Ebers Papyrus. It was written no later than 1550 BC. And he himself, most likely, was a copy of an earlier manual on medicine, compiled at the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC. The Ebers Papyrus contains over 900 recipes for the treatment of diseases of the digestive system, heart, respiratory system, hearing and vision.
Including eleven pastes and ointments that were used for diseases of the teeth and gums. Egyptian doctors believed that these compounds helped to remove toothache, reduce gum inflammation.
There is no doubt that the ancient Egyptians needed the services of dentists. A study of mummies showed that many inhabitants of the land of the pharaohs suffered from inflammation of the periosteum, caries and gum lesions.
About a dozen diseases of the oral cavity and methods of their treatment are described in Chinese medical manuscripts, which are about 3 thousand years old.

The Black Dentists Case

It seems that the very first dental instrument was the extraction forceps. The ancient Greeks feared them already in the time of Hippocrates (about 500 BC), who did not forget to mention them in one of his texts. Around the same time, the Etruscans (who lived in Italy) tried their hand at dental prosthetics. They knew how to make dental crowns and even bridges, which were sometimes no worse than the dentures of the mid-19th century.
The ancient Romans borrowed some of the skills of the Etruscan dentists and added their invention to them - the drill. The Roman physician Archigenes, a courtier of the Emperor Trajan, treated pulpitis with a special drill. And then he filled the opened tooth cavity with gold. But his experiments were soon forgotten. And only in the 15th century, the Arcoli drill began to be used again.
Basically, dentistry until the 17th century was reduced to the removal of diseased teeth, which was not done by doctors, but by bath attendants, horsemen and barbers.
As a medical specialty, dentistry was born in Europe only at the beginning of the 18th century. The father of scientific dentistry is considered the French surgeon Pierre Fauchard, who in 1728 published the fundamental "Guide to surgery and dental treatment".
Around the same time, dentists learned how to firmly fasten dentures in toothless mouths - using platinum rods. The most beautiful were the porcelain snow-white teeth. But most of the clients preferred natural ones. And during the years of great wars (especially Napoleonic ones), black dentists worked hard on the battlefields - they stole teeth from corpses.

And without fierce pain, teeth finally learned to heal only in the middle of the twentieth century. Not everywhere, of course. In the USSR, pain was a common thing for a long time.
But the methods of treatment and prosthetics remained the same - the dentists either repaired the damage, leaving the roots in place, or simply removed the decayed teeth and replaced them with prostheses attached to the remaining teeth.

How will we fill the hole?

In the 19th century, the teeth were filled with silver-mercury amalgam. Very poisonous.
The first fillings based on polymethyl methacrylates began to be placed only in the 50s of the last century.
And in the 60s the first composites were developed. And dentistry began not only to heal, but also to decorate the oral cavity.
True, in our country no one thought about aesthetic dentistry. The first foreign filling materials became available to our doctors only in the 90s. And there are simply no domestic materials of this class.

We insert an implant into the jaw

The revolution in dentistry began with the advent of the dental implantation method. An implant is an artificial root that is implanted into the vacancy left after the extraction of a diseased tooth. It serves as a support for crowns or dentures.
The implant is made from titanium or polymetallic alloys. Usually its design is a screw, smooth cylinder or plate, although there are more complex models. The implant is implanted into the jaw during surgical operation... A crown is then attached to its head.
The success of engraftment is not guaranteed, but the probability of rejection does not exceed 5%.
Why is implantation better than traditional prosthetics? Removing a tooth removes stress from the underlying bone, and it quickly atrophies. And the implanted implant mimics the natural stress that occurs during chewing. This means that the bone tissue does not degrade.
The founder of modern implantation technique was the Swedish scientist Per-Ingvar Brannemark. In 1952, he found that titanium pins took root well in bone tissue.
But the first acceptable dental implants didn't appear until the 1960s. At first, collapsible screw devices were used. And in the 1990s, monolithic implants appeared.

With a laser in your mouth

The first laser devices for the treatment of oral diseases appeared in 1991. These models were not particularly reliable or efficient.
Now in doctors' offices you can find devices with laser emitters of various types - solid-state, semiconductor and gas. With their help, early caries is diagnosed, information is obtained
on the pulp blood supply, colonies of pathogenic microorganisms that destroy dental tissue are revealed. Tissue biopsy is taken with laser scalpels oral cavity... Laser drills destroy the damaged dental tissue and prepare cavities for filling.
The laser destroys bacteria during root canal debridement and treats gum disease.
Recently appeared new method laser grinding of the tooth surface before installing crowns. And even teeth are now whitened with a laser - hydrogen peroxide is applied to the surface of the teeth, which whitens faster under the action of laser radiation tooth enamel.

Just renew the enamel

Perhaps, dentists will soon abandon the use of any drills, both laser and mechanical.
Japanese professor Kazue Yamagishi has created a white crystalline paste, completely analogous to tooth enamel. This paste heals minor damage to the surface of the teeth that occurs on the very early stages caries. It just needs to be applied to the crack in the tooth and after a quarter of an hour the paste will harden and firmly bond with the dental tissue. True, it is difficult to do this at home, because the paste contains strong acids, they can damage the gums.
New drug not only restores tooth enamel, but also prevents its further destruction.
Now Japanese enamel is undergoing clinical trials and, possibly, in 2-3 years will completely deprive orthodontists of work.

And a new tooth will grow

The ability to make a tooth brand new with a simple paste pales before the technology that scientists are now trying to master - before teeth regeneration. It turns out that dental crowns or even whole teeth can be grown from specialized stem cells that give rise to dental tissue. So far, experiments are being carried out only on animals.
In 2002, employees of the Boston Forsythe Institute grew miniature pig teeth in the guts of a rat. They multiplied dental tissue cells from six-month-old piglets and transplanted them into the intestines of rats. After a few months, tiny (2 mm) dental crowns formed on this site.
Last year, the same researchers grew from stem cells completely normal size.
Now they are going to grow teeth directly in the rat's mouth. If everything works out, experiments with human tissues will begin.
Imagine how a clone will grow in place of a tooth knocked out in a fight in half a year. New, clean and healthy.
True, this is unlikely to happen earlier than 15 years later.

An unprecedented criminal case is being investigated in the city of Polyarnye Zori, Murmansk region: over two years, more than 30 residents of the Murmansk region have suffered from "black dentists". This is the first time that deception under the guise of providing medical services has taken on such a scale. Among the victims are people different ages and social status, but there are especially many pensioners. Some of them brought the last money to the pseudo-specialists.

It all began when a certain native of Dagestan moved to the city. He had some medical education and first worked in a private clinic. Then the Dagestani decided that it was much more profitable to serve patients at home. He involved his relatives in private practice. Those, however, did not know much about dentistry. The family office, of course, did not have a license. To be fair, it should be said that the would-be dentists did not try to put fillings. But they willingly took on prosthetics and removal. Patients were attracted by the low prices. On average, the crown cost 1200-1300 rubles. In addition, in many localities where they appeared, there are too few qualified prosthetists.
- I have been wearing prostheses for fifteen years. When they were worn out, I began to figure out how to put new ones, - says
Zinaida Dobrovoltseva, a 74-year-old resident of Afrikanda-2, was one of the first to apply to law enforcement agencies. - As a victim of repressions, I am entitled to free dental prosthetics, but I never got it. I don’t remember any of my acquaintances who told me about dentists who work at home. I called. A pleasant, well-dressed man arrived. We were waiting for him together with a neighbor, she also needed prostheses. He took measurements, gave a "porridge" to chew - a composition for casts. The next few times they came together. The prostheses did not fit me - it hurt. I could hardly talk, the sky was on fire, and even food got under the new teeth. They tried to convince me that the prostheses should take root. But I know it happens when the dentures are small. They were altered several times, but to no avail. In general, I wasted 8 thousand rubles. And my other friends are even more - some 27, some 32 thousand. Some, however, did not see bad dentures. "Doctors" just took the money - and they ended up. At the confrontation, one of the prosthetists, after identification, also recognized us with a neighbor, and said to the investigator: "These women are not lying." I am asked how we could trust these people without documents and even give them money before work? But we still do not lock doors in Afrikanda and are not afraid to leave carpets on the street ...
Clients found "black dentists" by advertisements on poles that were posted in Kovdor, Revda, Afrikand, Lovozero, Kandalaksha and even Loukhakh. Information about the criminal activity was gradually collected from the police and the prosecutor's office. The case was initiated as soon as the damage caused by the prosthetists to their patients amounted to 250 thousand rubles - the required amount for "illegal business".
- The victims complained of swollen gums. For many of them, crowns were placed on carious teeth, and inflammation began there. For some, prostheses did not fit at all. Qualified dentists, to whom patients later ran, grabbed their heads. How much effort they had to make to fix the work of artisans. We have seized a lot of medical documents confirming this, - said the prosecutor of the city of Polyarnye Zori Yevgeny Botvenko.
The unsuccessful work of the prosthetists brought one resident of Revda to a hospital bed, another had to undergo a complex dental operation. A pensioner from Kovdor suffered even more. The unsuitable denture was glued on. Because of this, the old man's larynx was swollen. The false jaws had to be sawed.
By the way, one of the prosthetists, according to the prosecutor, is infected viral hepatitis... In some cases, according to witnesses, "black dentists" worked even without gloves. So all the victims had to be tested for hepatitis.
Interestingly, among several dozen dissatisfied patients, there were two who were quite satisfied with the quality of the work of the "black dentists". One of them refused to have prostheses in a regular clinic, but then they did it, and everything is fine. But for some reason, dentists worked well only in these two cases, which, by the way, occurred at the beginning of their careers. Then they, apparently, chased after the number of patients.
- Most likely, in the course of the investigation, the number of victims and accused will expand. Now two people are involved in the case. After the level of harm to health caused to patients is established, the provision of services that do not meet safety requirements and illegal medical activity will probably be added to illegal business, - continues Yevgeny Botvenko. - The investigator and I, by the way, insisted on the arrest of the accused, but the court limited itself to not leaving the place.
One of the "dentists" admits his guilt in part. The second one completely refuses to take any part in prosthetics. He also pretends to know practically nothing about his partner.
The victims explain the reasons that led them to believe the "black dentists" in different ways. In addition to cheapness and home delivery, many people paid attention to the teeth of the dentists themselves, which are distinguished by whiteness.
Now investigators are finding out where the prostheses were made. Perhaps their "black dentists" were made at home in an artisanal way. The complexity of the investigation also lies in the need for various examinations. In addition, law enforcement officials believe that the geography of the adventures of "black dentists" was more extensive. The identification of an increasing number of victims and the need for research increase the length of the investigation. So the end of this case is still far away. Marina Kalinina, staff correspondent of "NV" in Murmansk

• 1995-1996 - course of implantology orthopedic, surgical and therapeutic dentistry, TsNIIS, diploma "COMESA" CDK;
• 1996 - course of implantology, orthopedic, surgical and therapeutic dentistry (using modern methods and materials ”, Center for Dental Cosmetics TsNIIS MZMP RF and AOZT“ Impla ”;
• 1999 - Dentrade Kieferorthopaedischer Diagnostik-Kurs;
• 1999 - Dentrade Manualle Functions- und Strkturanlyse (mfa / msa) 50737 Koln e.K;
• 2000 - course "Diagnostics (outpatient interventions), carrying out dental implantology, dental orthopedic services", specialist certificate;
• 2002 - course "Orthopedic dentistry using equipment, materials and techniques" Dentsply ", certificate Dentsply International (USA);
• 2004 - specialization course "Mechanism of action of low-intensity laser radiation, basics of laser reflexotherapy", NUPO "Lamed";
• 2006 - course "Direct dental restoration", Dentsply certificate;
• 2007 - Seminar "Secrets of Successful Endodontics", "The choice of material depending on the clinical situation and economic opportunities", Dentsply certificate;
• 2007 - master course “Restorative therapy using equipment, materials and technologies of the corporation“ Dentsply ”, Dentsply certificate;
• 2007 - certificate-certificate of qualification "Doctor in dentistry", Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Moscow;
• 2007-2008 - professional retraining, FGBOU DPO FMBA of Russia, Moscow, specialty - "Orthopedic Dentistry";
• 2008 - professional retraining, FGBOU DPO FMBA of Russia, Moscow, specialty - "Surgical dentistry";
• 2008 - Diploma of the USA International Academy of Sciences & "Arts" California;
• 2008 - Certificate of the Russian Federation “Orthopedic Dentistry”, Moscow, FGBOU DPO FMBA of Russia;
• 2008 - Certificate of the Russian Federation "Surgical Dentistry", Moscow, FGBOU DPO FMBA of Russia;
• 2008 - Certificate of the Russian Federal State University. TsNIIS. ChLH "Implantology in Dentistry", Moscow;
• 2008-2009 - professional retraining, FGBOU DPO FMBA of Russia, Moscow, specialty - "Therapeutic dentistry";
• 2009 - Certificate of the Russian Federation "Therapeutic Dentistry", Moscow FGBOU DPO FMBA of Russia;
• 2012 - Certificate of the Russian Federation "Orthopedic Dentistry", FGBOU DPO FMBA of Russia, Moscow;
• 2012 - advanced training, Institute for Advanced Studies of the FMBA of Russia, specialty - "Orthopedic Dentistry and Implantology";
• 2012 - advanced training, Institute for Advanced Studies of the FMBA of Russia, specialty - "Surgical Dentistry and Implantology";
• 2013 - Certificate of the Russian Federation "Surgical Dentistry", FGBOU DPO FMBA of Russia, Moscow;
• 2014 - advanced training, FGBOU DPO FMBA of Russia, Moscow, specialty - "Therapeutic dentistry";
• 2015 - professional retraining, FGBOU DPO FMBA of Russia, Moscow, "Organization of health care of jurisprudence and informatics".