International Military Historical Association. Marine Engineering School Emperor Nicholas Marine Engineering School
Engineer-Rear Admiral M.V. Korolev was appointed the first head of the school in April 1952. By the beginning of the first school year- October 1, 1952 - two faculties were created. On April 30, 1953, the diesel department was transferred to the school from the Higher Naval Engineering School named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky.
Construction of the main building of the academic building was completed in 1960. The architectural ensemble includes five four-story buildings connected by colonnades with internal greenhouse courtyards. In terms of size and volume of internal premises, the educational building is one of the largest buildings (the total volume of internal premises is more than 200,000 cubic meters) in Sevastopol.
The school was the main center for training officer engineering personnel for the ocean-going nuclear fleet. The educational institution had the strongest teaching staff. The material and technical base for training naval power engineers for the USSR nuclear fleet included its own research reactor IR-100, a full-scale onboard complex of a 2nd generation submarine nuclear power plant, full-scale simulators, research thermo-hydrodynamic stands, and a powerful computer center.
The school conducted scientific research on current problems of ship nuclear power, hydraulics, and thermal physics at departments and in research laboratories. Scientific and technical conferences and visiting sessions of the USSR Academy of Sciences were held on thermophysical and hydrodynamic aspects of the problem of safety of ship nuclear power plants, meeting of the Scientific Council of the Academy of Sciences on ocean hydrophysics. Since 1965, the school published the “Collected Works of SVVMIU”.
In 1985, the chemistry department of the Caspian Higher Naval Red Banner School named after S. M. Kirov was transferred to the school.
Over 40 years, more than 11,000 engineer officers were released from its walls; many of the graduates were awarded government awards and received state prizes. Graduates of the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School, while serving in the Navy, participated in eliminating the consequences of accidents on nuclear submarines. More than two dozen graduates were awarded admiral ranks.
The school ceased to exist in 1992, after the collapse of the USSR, and was included in the structure. Before the annexation of Crimea to the Russian Federation, the infrastructure of the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School (maritime practice building, survivability range, diving range) was destroyed and was partially in disrepair.
A faculty for training specialists for the nuclear energy industry in Ukraine was formed on the basis of SVVMIU. On August 2, 1996, by Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 884, the faculty was transformed into (SINAEiP), to which the infrastructure of the IR-100 nuclear reactor was transferred. At the end of March 2014, the IR-100 nuclear reactor was shut down and mothballed. as the Institute of Nuclear Energy and Industry.
According to the Federal Target Program for the Development of Crimea and Sevastopol until 2020, funds are provided for the reconstruction of the educational building, which is associated with work in the field of energy.
In December 2017, the battle banner of the Sevastopol VVMIU was transferred for storage to the Black Sea Fleet Museum.
After Menshikov's arrest, the palace was transferred to the treasury. The Office of the Kronstadt Canal was located here, then the Customs, then other institutions.
On May 31, 1771, after the fire of the Naval Cadet Corps at the Military District, it was transferred to the Kronstadt Italian Palace, in connection with which a number of reconstructions were carried out. () The Naval Cadet Corps was located here from 1771 to 1798. (Green A.I....)
Here, on February 15, 1772, a church was consecrated in the name of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. The church of the same name existed at the corps since 1761 and was located in the corps building on Vasilyevsky Island. The corps remained in Kronstadt until 1796, when, by order of Paul I, it was returned to St. Petersburg. The church was also moved to a new building in the capital. (p. 185)
Emperor Pavel Petrovich, having ascended the throne, paid attention to the fleet and ordered the transfer of naval cadets from Kronstadt to St. Petersburg. At the same time, he established two Navigation Schools, one for the Baltic and the other for the Black Sea Fleet. A house in Kronstadt, which had previously housed the Naval Cadet Corps, was assigned to house the navigator classes of the school. (Green A.I. Historical sketch Navigation School 1798-1871, Kronstadt, 1872. P.5-6)
In 1798, the Navigation School was located in the Italian Palace. In 1826, the Navigation School was renamed into the Navigation Company, and on March 10, 1827 into the First Navigation Half-Crew. In 1829-1831 The palace was renovated according to the drawings of the architect. E. Ahnerta. The interiors of the church hall were designed by architect. V. Stasov. The single-tier iconostasis was built in classicism style.
In 1843, Nicholas I decided to rebuild the building. The restructuring commission was headed by the Chief of the Crew, Major General A.K. Davydov. On May 19, 1843, the project for rebuilding the palace of the architect was approved. A. N. Akutina.
According to the new project, a large extension of 18 axes was added to the western building of the palace. The building that previously connected the western and eastern buildings was demolished, and a new covered passage was built in its place to the north. A gallery is attached to the southern side of the courtyard building. An 8-axis extension for the church was made to the building, perpendicular to the Peter the Great Canal. (. pp.75-80)
The former church was transferred to the Training Crew in the Minikhov House, and a new one was built in one of the premises of the Italian Palace house church, consecrated on February 1, 1847. It was located in a large two-story hall. Due to the absence of a belfry, a small bell was hung on a pole in the school yard.
Initially, the church, like all churches of educational institutions, was under diocesan jurisdiction and under the supervision of the Ministry of Public Education. In 1907, the church was transferred to the jurisdiction of the Protopresbyter of the military and naval clergy. (pp. 186-187)
On the walls of the school were installed black marble boards with the names of navigators killed and died from wounds, starting from the Battle of Chesme, and gray boards with the names of those killed in the line of duty. (p. 186)
In 1846 over central part of the main southern building, a fourth floor superstructure with 11 axes was designed. An astronomical gazebo is erected above it.
According to the project by architect. Reimers in 1847, stone service buildings were erected on the site - a bathhouse, a laundry, a stable with sheds and glaciers.
Construction work continued from 1843 to 1848.
On May 9, 1856, the half-crew was again renamed the Navigation School, which in 1867 was merged with the artillery school, under the name of the Navigation-Artillery School. In 1872 it became part of the Technical School of the Maritime Department. (Green A.I. Historical sketch of the Navigation School 1798-1871, Kronstadt, 1872. P. 5-6). Since 1898 - Marine Engineering School of Emperor Nicholas I.
For the latter, a large new building was added, extending the main facade along Pomorskaya (Makarovskaya) Street. to the west. Another building was added at an angle on the north side. The facades of the new buildings completely repeated the old building, uniting into one whole.
In 1910, a new signal tower of a slightly different type was built to replace the outdated one. (. pp.75-80)
In 1926, there was a fire in the building, after which reconstruction was carried out, and the building itself received the status of the House of Officers.
The theater of the Baltic Fleet was also located here. In 2011 the theater moved.
In 1974, restoration of the House of Officers (Italian Palace) began. During the restoration of the palace, vestibules that distorted its facades were removed, and lost architectural details were restored (modeling on the pediment, etc.). (.p.131)
(text by Mary, Natalia)
Marine Engineering School
(cm. Naval Higher School).
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- - named after M.V. Frunze, the oldest naval educational institution for training personnel for the Navy. Its history dates back to the School of Mathematical and Navigational Sciences, created by Peter I in Moscow...
St. Petersburg (encyclopedia)
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Glossary of military terms
- - a certain range of auxiliary and consumable means of engineering weapons. K I.i. include: designs of engineering structures of industrial and military production...
Border Dictionary
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Architectural Dictionary
- - see Engineering weapons...
Glossary of emergency terms
- - a secondary educational institution for preparing young men for training in higher naval schools. Tbilisi, Leningrad and Riga were created...
Marine dictionary
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encyclopedic Dictionary Brockhaus and Euphron
- - has the purpose: a) to prepare officers for service in combat units of the engineering troops and b) to serve as a preparatory institution for the I. Academy...
Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron
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Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron
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Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron
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Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron
- - see Engineering School...
Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron
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Great Soviet Encyclopedia
- - The science of building fortifications, defense, attack, various technical structures...
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From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (LE) by the author TSBFrom 1798 to the present (in 1798 - 1827 - School of Naval Architecture; in 1827 - 1856 - Training naval crew; in 1856 - 1867 - Engineering and Artillery School of the Naval Department; in 1867 - 1872 - Engineering School of the Maritime Department; in 1872 - 1896 - Technical School of the Maritime Department; in 1896 - 1898 - Marine Technical School of Emperor Nicholas I; in 1898 - 1917 - Marine Engineering School named after Emperor Nicholas I).
The School of Naval Architecture at the St. Petersburg Admiralty was organized on the basis of the report of the Committee on the establishment of schools for students of navigation and naval architecture, approved on August 20, 1798. Subordinated to the chief sarvaer of the St. Petersburg port. There are 122 ranks in the state, incl. 100 students. Upon completion of the course and passing the final exam, students were graduated "from navigators to navigator of officer rank, and from ship, galley, fin and engine to apprentices of the art in which they will prove their success."
Based on the first Charter of the school, approved on March 4, 1803 by Emperor Alexander I, it was subordinate to the Quartermaster General of the Quartermaster Department. Trained shipwrights, apprentices, mechanics, hydraulic engineers and teachers in different parts. Noble, chief officer and soldier's children aged 12-14 years old who could read and write were accepted.
Transformed into the Training Marine Working Crew on the basis of the Regulations approved on January 27, 1827 by the Emperor. Subordinated to the General Staff of the E.I.V. for military settlements. Since 1842, it was transferred to the jurisdiction of the Inspectorate Department of the Main Naval Staff of the e.i.v. According to the staff: 27 officers, 96 non-commissioned officers, a doctor, 2 paramedics, 3 clerks, 17 drummers, 50 sailors and 800 students, a total of 996 people. Consisted of conductors (training ship conductors for the corps of naval engineers, and then also for the corps of mechanical engineers, military settlement engineers, naval construction engineers, communications and naval artillery engineers) and company workshops (training craftsmen (non-commissioned officers) into workers crews).
Disbanded on April 6, 1856 by order. The conductor companies were named the Engineering and Artillery School of the Naval Department. Subordinated directly to the Inspector of the Corps of Naval Engineers until December 1857, then to the Inspectorate Department of the Main Naval Headquarters e.i.v. On May 8, 1867, it received the name of the Engineering School of the Naval Department. It is classified as a higher specialized educational institution with a 4-year course of study and admission on a competitive basis to persons of all classes aged 15-18 years.
On June 17, 1872, it was transferred by order to Kronstadt and merged with the Navigation and Artillery School and renamed the Technical School of the Naval Department. According to the staff, put into effect by order on May 1, 1873: 20 officers, a priest, a psalm-reader, a doctor, 4 paramedics, a housekeeping supervisor, 5 non-commissioned officers, 3 drummers, 3 buglers and 220 students, a total of 260 people. It trained naval engineers, mechanical engineers, navigators and naval gunners. The navigation and artillery departments were closed in 1883-1884.
Renamed on June 25, 1896, on the occasion of the centenary of the birth of Nicholas I, into the Marine Technical School of Emperor Nicholas I.
On September 24, 1898, by order of the manager, in connection with the centenary anniversary, it received the name Marine Engineering School of Emperor Nicholas I.
The administration of the Naval Engineering School included: a senior company commander, senior and junior officers, a class inspector and his assistant.
Full-time teachers of the civil department were approved and promoted to ranks similarly to teachers of secondary educational institutions. There were economic and disciplinary committees at the Marine Engineering School. The latter was chaired by the head of the school and consisted of: a class inspector, his assistant, a priest, a battalion commander and junior officers. His tasks included monitoring the morality of students, discussing the misdeeds of cadets, and imposing penalties.
The Naval Engineering School consisted of two departments: shipbuilding and mechanical. Young people aged 16-20 who had completed a full course of secondary education were accepted on a competitive basis. The usual intake consisted of 5 people for the shipbuilding department and 40 for the mechanical department.
The tasks of the Naval Engineering School included general education, military educational and combat training of officers of the engineering troops. The course of study was divided into 4 classes, 1 general and 3 special. The curriculum was approved by the Minister of War and included military sciences (fortification, railways, artillery, tactics, military topography and others); general education (God's law, mathematics, foreign languages and others); all branches of military service training.
Those who completed the course were required to serve in active service for 1.5 years for each year they spent in special classes. After a 10-month voyage with the rank of naval midshipman and a practical exam on ships, they were graduated with the rank of naval engineer and midshipman of the fleet.
By order of the Provisional Government, he was transferred in September 1917 from Kronstadt to Petrograd. When naval educational institutions were disbanded after the October Revolution, the Marine Engineering School continued its activities. In October 1918, everything at the School was reduced, except for the “senior graduation”. The transition period lasted from 1917 to 1922.
Currently exists.
Article title: (title) Topic category: Author(s) of the article: A.I. Kalinin, T.Yu. Prosyankina Article source: Russian statehood Date of article writing: (date) Articles used in writing this article: PSZ II. T. 31. No. 30478; PSZ III. T. 16. No. 12511; T. 17. No. 15602; RGAVMF. F. 227.434; Collection laws and regulations, including part of the pestilence. management related, for 1827 St. Petersburg, 1828; In the same place, for 1857. St. Petersburg, 1857; Collection legalizations, decrees and other orders on marine matters. department for 1872 St. Petersburg, 1873; In the same place, for 1873. St. Petersburg, 1874; In the same place, for 1898. St. Petersburg, 1899; Paromensky A.M. East. Mor's essay. Eng. imp. schools Nicholas I. 1798-1898. St. Petersburg, 1898, 1900, 1911. Issue. 1-3; Usik N.P., Polyakh Ya.I. Higher navy. Eng. Order of Lenin School named after. F.E. Dzerzhinsky: Ist. feature article. L., 1990; Ivanov A.E. Higher education institutions of Russia in con. XIX - early XX century M, 1991; Volkov S.S. Rus. officer corps. M., 1993.