Thiamine bromide description. Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
(vitamin B1) belongs to the group of water-soluble vitamins of the B complex.
Thiamine bromide has a positive effect on the conduction of nerve excitation in synapses. It has moderate ganglioblocking properties. With a reduced content of thiamine in food, a person develops B1 hypovitaminosis, and then B1 avitaminosis (beriberi).
Vitamin B1 is found in yeast, germs and shells of cereals (rice, wheat, rye), nuts, almonds, carrots, egg yolks, liver, milk. Rice bran, beer and baker's yeast, black bread are especially rich in vitamin.
Daily requirement for thiamine
Daily requirement for thiamine: for an adult - 2 mg; with heavy physical labor, in pregnant women and nursing mothers - 2.5–3 mg; in children under 7 years old - 1 mg, at the age of 7 to 14 years - 1.5 mg.
Indications for use
The role of thiamine in metabolism, and a number of body functions (especially nervous system), defines a wide range of indications for its use, namely:
- Hypovitaminosis and avitaminosis B;
- Inflammatory and degenerative processes in the peripheral nerves: various forms of neuritis, alcoholic and post-infectious polyneuritis, radiculitis, neuralgia, peripheral paresis and paralysis of various origins, Meniere's disease, Korsakov's psychosis, poliomyelitis and encephalomyelitis, Wernicke's disease;
- Damage to the central nervous system as a result of trauma, concussions, especially with sharp pains; vegetative neuroses, migraines;
- Cardiovascular neurosis, accompanied by tachycardia, myasthenia gravis;
- peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum, Weakening of the secretory and motor functions of the gastrointestinal tract (intestinal atony, etc.);
- Deterioration of tissue regeneration after injuries, wound depletion;
- eating disorders ( alimentary dystrophy);
- Myocardial dystrophy, coronary circulation disorders in patients with angina pectoris;
- thyrotoxicosis;
- Endarteritis;
- neurogenic dermatoses. Shingles. Psoriasis. eczema, pruritus various etiologies (diabetes, uremia, jaundice, etc.);
- Poisoning (carbon disulfide, tetraethyl lead, mercury, methyl alcohol, arsenic, etc.).
Application rules
Thiamine bromide is administered orally in tablets and dragees, and is also administered intravenously and intramuscularly.
- With a preventive purpose thiamine bromide is prescribed orally - for adults, 0.01–0.06 g per day; for children 1–10 years old, a single dose is 0.001–0.01 g per day.
- For medicinal purposes adults are prescribed orally 0.06-0.12 g of thiamine bromide 1-3 times a day. Intramuscularly, adults are injected with 0.5–1 ml of a 3% or 6% solution of thiamine bromide 1 time per day. The course of treatment is 15-30 injections.
As preparations containing thiamine, 50–100 g of brewer's yeast (liquid and dry) and baker's yeast are administered orally.
Side effects
In some cases (especially with parenteral administration), it is possible allergic reactions and anaphylactic shock.
Contraindications
Allergic diseases in history.
Relative contraindications to the use of thiamine: hypertension, peptic ulcer.
Composition and form of release
Released:
Prescription for thiamine bromide
| Rp.: | Sol. thiamini bromidi 6% | 1,0 |
| D.t. d. N 10 in amp. | ||
| S. | ||
- Tablets with a score of 0.0129 g and 0.00645 g, in a package of 50 tablets.
- Tablets of 0.01 g, with 1 g of glucose, in a package of 10 tablets.
- Tablets of 0.00258 g, 0.005 g and 0.01 g in packs of 10, 40, 50 and 200 tablets.
- Dragee 0.002 g, in packs of 25 and 50 dragees.
- 3% and 6% solutions for parenteral administration (thiamine bromide - 30 g or 60 g, unithiol - 2 g, water for injection - up to 1 l) in 1 ml ampoules, in packs of 10 ampoules.
Thiamine is part of numerous multivitamin preparations.
Shelf life and storage conditions
Store in a dry place protected from light.
Shelf life of thiamine bromide: ampoules - 3 years, tablets - 4 years.
Properties
(Thiamini bromidum, Thiaminum bromatum) - 4-methyl-5-β-hydroxyethyl-N-(2-methyl-4-amino-5-methylpyrimidyl)-thiazolium chloride hydrobromide is a white crystalline powder with a slight characteristic odor. Hygroscopic, easily soluble in water.
Thiamine is phosphorylated in the body of animals and humans and, in the form of thiamine pyrophosphate, functions as a coenzyme of decarboxylase, which plays an important role in intermediate metabolism.
A sufficient amount of thiamine in the body is associated with the normal course of carbohydrate, protein and water metabolism, the secretory and motor function of the gastrointestinal tract, the activity of the nervous system and the heart muscle.
Deficiency of thiamine in the body leads to a violation of the conversion of carbohydrates, the accumulation of intermediate products of carbohydrate metabolism (lactic and pyruvic acids), dysfunction of a number of organs and systems.
A lack of vitamin B1 occurs with prolonged monotonous nutrition with food poor in thiamine (especially rich in carbohydrates), with impaired absorption of the vitamin due to diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, and a discrepancy between the amount of vitamin administered with food and the need for it.
In these cases, various forms of hypovitaminosis B1 may occur, manifested in a breakdown, loss of appetite, damage to the central and peripheral nervous systems, cardiac dysfunction, dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract, hypothermia, and edema.
The complete absence of thiamine in food leads to the development of a severe form of beriberi B1 - beriberi disease.
Analogues
Aneurin. Anevril. Aneirin. Arkavit V1. Bevemin. Bevimin. Bevital. Bevitin. Bemunin. Benevrin. Benerva. Benol. Berin. Betabion. Betavel. Betavitan. Betaxin. Betalin. Betamine. Betaneurin. Bethiazine. Betiamin. Bitevan. Vitamin B1. Vitaplex B1. Vitapur B1. Christovibex. Orizamine. Polyneuramin.
Thiamine bromide is a water-soluble B-group vitamin substance produced in tablets and solutions and used as part of a variety of medicines. The body needs a daily intake of B1, which is thiamine bromide. When it is not enough, hypovitaminosis develops, proceeding with a variety of disorders of intraorganic activity.
General information
Thiamine bromide does not belong to drugs of medicinal origin, but is often used as part of drugs like Trigamma or Combilipen, etc.
The chemical name of the substance is 4-methyl-5-b-hydroxyethyl-N-(2-methyl-4-amino-5-methylpyrimidyl) thiazolium bromide hydrobromide.
Chemical formula - C 12 H 17 BrN 4 OS. Structural - shown in the picture.
The Latin name is Thiamine bromidum.
It is a yellowish or whitish crystalline powder substance. Vitamin in this form has a specific yeasty odor, is highly soluble in water, resistant to acidic environments, but easily destroyed in alkaline or neutral substances. The substance dissolves rapidly in methyl, but with difficulty in ethyl alcohol, insoluble in ethers.
The obsolete name for thiamine bromide is aneurin. It is destroyed by prolonged heating, is not stored in the body, since it is a water-soluble compound, and is not capable of toxic effects. With a deficiency, vitamin deficiency is formed, which negatively affects the entire body.
V human body the vitamin is found in the tissues of striated muscles and myocardium, brain and kidney structures, and the liver. When applied orally, it is absorbed in the small intestine or duodenum 12. Especially rapidly absorbed when administered intramuscularly. It is rapidly distributed throughout all organic tissues, protecting cell membranes from intoxication with peroxidation products.
Medicines
In Latin, the recipe for the solution is as follows:
Rp.: Sol. Thiamini bromidi 3% - 1 ml (30 mg) or 6% - 1 ml (60 mg of the active ingredient).
And this is the prescription for the pills:
Rep.: Tab. Thiamini bromidi 0.00645.
Thiamine bromide medicines include a lot of drugs:
- solution for injection 3% (30 mg) and 6% (60 mg) in 1 ml ampoules, 10 ampoules per pack;
- tablets 1.29 mg, 50 pieces per pack;
- powder in sachets of 10 mg;
- dragee 0.2 mg, 50 pcs. packaged.
Everything dosage forms they are dispensed from pharmacies without a prescription, and the cost is quite affordable and amounts to 40-400 rubles.
In addition to thiamine bromide in its pure form, a lot of additives with an improved formula, vitamin complexes and medicines containing this substance are produced. These include Complivit, Kvadevit, Tetravit, Asnitin, Decamevit, Pangeksavit, Betamine, Bevital, etc. You can buy these funds without a prescription, but you need to take them only on the recommendation of a doctor.
Pharmacological properties
Vitamin controls a lot of important intraorganic functions:
- It has a positive effect on the activity of the brain, which is manifested in the improvement of cognitive functions: memory, thinking, attention.
- Simplifies learning, which is extremely important for children.
- Thiamine is involved in muscle and bone growth, the formation of blood cells.
- Improves blood circulation, mood, appetite, strengthens immune defense, has an anesthetic effect.
- Increases nervous excitability in synapses, slows down natural aging.
- Supports the activity of all muscle structures, successfully affects the myocardium.
- Takes part in the exchange of carbohydrate compounds, which is carried out in the brain and liver tissues.
- It has anti-inflammatory activity, prevents dermatitis.
- Favors the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acid compounds, and also acts as an antidote to ethanol, which is extremely important for alcohol intoxication.
- Reduces the toxic effects of nicotine, alcohol, medicinal substances etc.
- Stabilizes the activity of the nervous system during stress or nervous strain.
According to the instructions, thiamine-containing agents have an immunostimulating and metabolic, antioxidant and ganglion-blocking effect, and compensate for vitamin deficiency.
In this video, a specialist talks about the importance of thiamine for brain structures:
Indications for use
- encephalitis and poliomyelitis, other pathologies of inflammatory origin;
- nervous system damage, vegetative-type neurosis, trauma, cephalgia, neuritis and neuralgia;
- ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal atony or dystrophy;
- manifestations of hypovitaminosis, thiamine deficiency due to long diets;
- dietary disorders, poor nutrition;
- vascular spasms, sciatica;
- cardiac pathologies accompanied by tachycardia symptoms;
- slow wound healing, impaired tissue regeneration;
- skin rashes of stress origin, pyoderma, dermatosis of neurogenic origin, psoriasis or eczema;
- arsenic and mercury poisoning.
The daily requirement for a vitamin depends on age and gender.
Table. Need for thiamine.
Vitamin is widely used, but it should be taken only after examination, testing and doctor's prescription.
Contraindications and precautions
Vitamin solution or tablets have practically no contraindications, with the exception of a history of allergic pathologies or individual intolerance.
Vitamin intake has a beneficial effect on the state of the liver, therefore it is not contraindicated in its pathological conditions. The use of thiamine is also allowed for renal dysfunction.
Scheme of administration, dosage
Reception of thiamine bromide according to the instructions for use depends on the specific form of release.
- Intravenous injections in ampoules are administered slowly once a day. It is also allowed to introduce deep into the gluteal muscle. A single dose for patients over 18 years of age is 1 ml of a 3% (30 mg) or 6% (60 mg) solution. Children are injected with 0.5 ml of a 3% solution (15 mg) also once a day. The duration of the course can be 1.5-4 weeks.
- According to the instructions, it is recommended to take tableted forms of the vitamin remedy after meals, 1–3 r / d, with a course of up to 30 days.
For pregnant women and children, dosages are selected by the doctor individually in accordance with the clinical situation and taking into account the daily requirement (mg), and the appointment is permissible only if there are serious indications.
Allergy, adverse reactions
Hypersensitivity is rare. Among side effects doctors note allergic reactions, manifested by itching or exanthema, urticaria or Quincke's edema, heart palpitations or hyperhidrosis. Sometimes, when injected, pain occurs, which is due to the low reaction of the injection solution.
The tool is safe to operate vehicles or work with automatic systems, as it improves coordination, reaction speed and attention.
Interaction with other drugs
The use of a vitamin should take into account the possibility of interaction of the substance with other medicinal or vitamin components.
- Combined with pyridoxine (B6). These vitamin substances mutually reinforce beneficial effects, but in patients with a tendency to allergic reactions, pyridoxine enhances thiamine allergization.
- Incompatible with ethanol and anticonvulsants, barbiturates and copper-containing drugs, carbonates and sulfites, which interfere with the absorption and absorption of the vitamin.
- In combination with Levodopa, it can provoke a state of hypervitaminosis.
- Weakens the effect of muscle relaxants in Ditilin water, etc.
- Pharmacologically incompatible injection thiamine solutions with Penicillin, Nicotinic acid or streptomycin.
Overdose
Single oral overdoses are not dangerous for patients and practically do not manifest themselves in any way, since the substance is low-toxic. With long-term use higher doses likely to develop hypervitaminosis. An overdose with parenteral administration can lead to anaphylaxis due to degranulation of mast cell structures.
Terms and conditions of storage
It is necessary to store ampoules and tablets at room temperature (up to 25 ° C), in a dark place, away from children. Shelf life is 3 years for ampoules and 4 years for tablets.
Vitamin substances are extremely important for the full-fledged intraorganic activity of each person. But they do not always come in sufficient quantities through food, and therefore it is necessary to make up for their deficiency with specialized medicines or dietary supplements. Thiamine has a lot of valuable therapeutic properties, manifested by immunostimulatory, metabolic, antioxidant and ganglion blocking activity. With its deficiency, patients suffer from neurological disorders.
Persons who experience constant physical or psycho-emotional overload, lactating or pregnant women, living in a cold climate or suffering from pathologies from the list of indications for taking the substance are especially in need of its additional intake. Despite the vitamin origin, it can only be used for medical prescription and at doses recommended by the doctor in accordance with the clinical situation.
Drug Thiamine has a positive effect on the conduction of nervous excitation in synapses (in places where nervous excitation is transmitted). It has moderate ganglioblocking properties. With reduced content thiamine in food, a person develops hypovitaminosis Bi (reduced intake of vitamin Bi into the body), and then avitaminosis Bi (lack of intake of vitamin Bi into the body) - Beri-Beri disease.
Indications for use
Hypovitaminosis and beriberi in various forms of neuritis (inflammation of the nerve). Radiculitis, neuralgia (pain spreading along the nerve). Peripheral paresis (reduced strength and / or range of motion) and paralysis (absence of voluntary movements due to impaired nervous regulation muscles) of various origins. Meniere's disease (disease inner ear characterized by intermittent dizziness, nausea, and vomiting). Korsakov's psychosis (chronic alcoholism, characterized by a memory disorder, a disease of the peripheral nervous system, social personality disorders). Poliomyelitis (acute infection, characterized by impaired movement) and encephalomyelitis (combined inflammation of the brain and spinal cord). Wernicke's disease (a disease of the cerebral vessels, manifested by a mental disorder, movement coordination disorder, visual impairment). Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. Atony (loss of tone) of the intestine. Myocardial dystrophy (a disease of the heart muscle associated with a violation of its nutrition). Violations of the coronary (through the vessels of the heart) circulation in patients with angina pectoris. thyrotoxicosis (a disease thyroid gland). Endarteritis (inflammation of the inner lining of the arteries). Neurogenic dermatoses (skin diseases due to changes in the activity of the nervous system). Herpes zoster (a viral disease of the central and peripheral nervous system with the appearance of vesicles of the rash along the sensory nerves). Psoriasis. Eczema. Poisoning (carbon disulfide, tetraethylene lead, mercury, methyl alcohol, arsenic, etc.).Mode of application
For medicinal purposes thiamine chloride and thiamine bromide used inside (after eating) and parenterally (bypassing the gastrointestinal tract).Doses for oral administration of thiamine chloride are for adults 0.01 g (10 mg) 1-3 (up to 5) times a day. Children under the age of 3 are prescribed 0.005 g (5 mg) every other day; 3-8 years - 0.005 g 3 times a day every other day; older than 8 years - 0.01 g 1-3 times a day. The course of treatment is usually 30 days.
Thiamine bromide due to its larger relative molecular weight (435.2) is used in slightly higher doses than thiamine chloride (relative molecular weight 337.27); 0.001 g (1 mg) of thiamine chloride corresponds in activity to 0.00129 g (1.29 mg) of thiamine bromide.
In case of malabsorption in the intestine and if it is necessary to quickly create high concentrations of vitamin Bi in the blood, thiamine chloride or thiamine bromide is administered parenterally. Usually administered intramuscularly to adults, 0.025-0.05 g of thiamine chloride (1 ml of 2.5% or 5% solution) or 0.03-0.06 g of thiamine bromide (1 ml of 3% or 6% solution) 1 time per day. day daily; children are injected with 0.0125 g (0.5 ml of a 2.5% solution) of thiamine chloride or 0.015 g (0.5 ml of a 3% solution) of thiamine bromide. The course of treatment is 10-30 injections.
The daily requirement for vitamin Bi is about 2 mg for an adult; with heavy physical labor, the need for a vitamin increases slightly. Daily doses for children: from the age of 6 months. up to 1 year - 0.5 mg; from 1 year to 1.5 years - 0.8 mg; from 1.5 to 2 years - 0.9 mg; from 3 to 4 years - 1.1 mg; from 5 to 6 years - 1.2 mg; from 7 to 10 years - 1.4 mg; from 11 to 13 years old - 1.7 mg; for boys aged 14-17 - 1.9 mg; for girls 14-17 years old - 1.7 mg.
Side effects
In some cases, especially with parenteral administration, allergic reactions and even anaphylactic (allergic) shock are possible.Contraindications
Allergic diseases in history (previously).Release form
Produced in the form thiamine bromide a: powder 1 g; dragee 0.002 g in a package of 50 g; tablets with a risk of 0.0129 g in a package of 50 pieces; 1 ml ampoules in a pack of 10 pieces of 3% and 6% solution and thiamine chloride: 1 ml ampoules in packs of 50 pieces of 2.5% and 5% solution.Storage conditions
In a place protected from light.Synonyms
Vitamin B, Vitamin B1, Anevrin, Anevril, Benerva, Benevrin, Berin, Betabion, Betamine, Betanevrin, Betavitan, Betaxin, Betiamin, Bevimin, Bevital, Bevitin, Christovibex, Orizanin, Thiamine bromide, Thiamine chloride, Vitaplex Bi.Compound
4-methyl-5-b-hydroxyethyl-N-(2-methyl-4-amino-5-methyl-pyrimidyl)-thiazolium bromide hydrobromide (or hydrochloride).Thiamine bromide- white or white with a slightly yellowish tint powder. The drug has a slight characteristic smell of yeast. Easily soluble in water. The solution (pH 2.7 - 3.6) is sterilized at +100 "C for 30 minutes.
Main settings
| Name: | THIAMIN |
| thiamini bromideum
Analogues (generics, synonyms)
Vitamin B, Vitamin B1, Anevrin, Anevril, Benerva, Benevrin, Berin, Betabion, Betamine, Betanevrin, Betavitan, Betaxin, Betiamin, Bevimin, Bevital, Bevitin, Christovibex, Orizanin, Thiamine chloride, Thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin B1)
Recipe (International)
Rep: Sol. Thiamini bromidi 3% - 1 ml
D.t. d. N 10 ampull.
D.S. 1 ml intramuscularly deeply.
Rep.: Tab. Thiamini bromidi 0.00645
D.t. d. No. 30
D.S. Take orally 1 tablet 3 times a day after meals for a child of 6 years.
Recipe (Russia)
Prescription form - 107-1 / y
pharmachologic effect
Immunostimulating, antioxidant, metabolic, ganglion-blocking, replenishing vitamin B1 deficiency.
Phosphorylated, forming thiamine pyrophosphate, which realizes the numerous effects of thiamine. After oral administration, it is absorbed mainly in the duodenum and small intestine. It is rapidly and completely absorbed after intramuscular injection. Distributed throughout all tissues. Approximately 1 mg is metabolized daily. The daily requirement for vitamin B1 for adult men is 1.2 to 2.1 mg; for the elderly - 1.2-1.4 mg;
for women - 1.1-1.5 mg with the addition of 0.4 mg in pregnant women and 0.6 mg in lactating women; for children, depending on age - 0.3-1.5 mg. In the form of thiamine pyrophosphate, as a coenzyme of numerous decarboxylases, it is involved in the metabolism of pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate and plays an important role in carbohydrate metabolism. Protects cell membranes from the toxic effects of peroxidation products.
Mode of application
For adults: Inside, in / m, in / in, s / c.
Daily requirement for vitamin B1:
for adult men - 1.2-2.1 mg;
for the elderly - 1.2-1.4 mg;
for women - 1.1-1.5 mg (in pregnant women it is more by 0.4 mg, in lactating women - by 0.6 mg);
In / m (deep into the muscle), in / in (slowly), less often - s / c. Adults are prescribed 20-50 mg of thiamine chloride (1 ml of 2.5-5% solution) or 30-60 mg of thiamine bromide (1 ml of 3-6% solution) 1 time per day, daily, switching to oral administration; The course of treatment is 10-30 injections.
Inside, after meals, for adults for preventive purposes - 5-10 mg / day, for therapeutic purposes - 10 mg per dose 1-5 times a day, the maximum dose is 50 mg / day.
The course of treatment is 30-40 days.
For kids: Daily requirement for vitamin B1: for children, depending on age - 0.3-1.5 mg.
V / m (deep into the muscle), intravenously (slowly), less often - s / c: children - 12.5 mg of thiamine chloride (0.5 ml of a 2.5% solution) or 15 mg of thiamine bromide (0.5 ml of a 3% solution).
Daily doses for children:
at the age of 6 months - up to 1 year - 0.5 mg;
from 1 year to 1.5 years - 0.8 mg;
from 1.5 to 2 years - 0.9 mg;
from 3 to 4 years - 1.1 mg;
from 5 to 6 years - 1.2 mg;
from 7 to 10 years - 1.4 mg;
from 11 to 13 years old - 1.7 mg;
for boys aged 14-17 - 1.9 mg;
for girls 14-17 years old - 1.7 mg.
Indications
Hypovitaminosis and avitaminosis B1 Various forms neuritis.
Radiculitis, neuralgia.
Peripheral paresis and paralysis of various origins.
Meniere's disease.
Psychosis Korsakov.
Poliomyelitis and encephalomyelitis Wernicke's disease.
Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum.
Atony of the intestine.
myocardial dystrophy.
Coronary circulation disorders in patients with angina pectoris.
thyrotoxicosis.
Endarteritis.
neurogenic dermatoses.
Shingles.
Psoriasis (see psoriasis medications).
Eczema (see medications for eczema).
Poisoning (carbon disulfide, tetraethyl lead, mercury, methyl alcohol, arsenic, etc.).
Contraindications
Allergic diseases in history (previously).
Side effects
Allergic reactions (urticaria, pruritus, angioedema, rarely - anaphylactic shock), increased sweating, tachycardia.
Soreness (due to the low pH of the solutions) with s / c, less often - with i / m administration.
Release form
Available in the form of thiamine bromide: powder 1 g;
dragee 0.002 g in a package of 50 g;
tablets with a risk of 0.0129 g in a package of 50 pieces;
1 ml ampoules in a pack of 10 pieces of 3% and 6% solution and thiamine chloride: 1 ml ampoules in packs of 50 pieces of 2.5% and 5% solution.
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Compound medicinal product Thiamine bromide
The active substance is thiamine. pharmachologic effect