Conjunctivitis in infants. Treatment of conjunctivitis in newborns

Face modern woman plays a huge role in the appearance. Therefore, it is important to know what is needed for facial makeup. After all, you really want to get as a result not vulgar, but neat and persistent, age-appropriate, status and event makeup.

To determine what kind of cosmetics is required to create a full-fledged make-up, it is important to have a clear idea of \u200b\u200bthe purpose and qualities of each type of cosmetic. This will allow you not to get lost among the abundance of various brands that are sold today and make the right choice.

In addition, the needs of each woman individually have a significant impact on the selection of the list of cosmetics. That is, you need to understand what type of makeup is in greatest demand, which will greatly facilitate the choice of cosmetics. And of course, having everything you need, you must also be able to use it correctly.

List of necessary cosmetics

The list of cosmetics in the minimum set should represent the list of products that will allow a woman to perform basic types of makeup. According to makeup artists, it must include the following positions:

1. Tonal basis - allows you to both make the perfect face tone, and evenly shade other cosmetics. Available in 3 types: liquid, creamy and crumbly. The base should be selected based on the type of skin.
2. Concealer base - these are the means thanks to which it is possible not only to hide skin flaws, but also to put shadows in exactly the right tone. They are also subdivided into liquid, cream and pencil form.
3. Powder - allows you to fix the previous stages of the make-up. Available in compact and crumbly form.
4. Concealers or proofreaders - can give the face an even and monochromatic relief, hide dark circles under the eyes.
5. Pencil and shadow for eyebrows are needed to emphasize or adjust their shape.
6. Contour pencil for the eyes and separately for the lips. These assistants will allow you to emphasize, highlight the eyes or lips to match the overall makeup.
7. Mascara... Even little princesses know about the purpose of this item. Today, on the shelves of stores you can find a huge variety of these products - with different brushes, different consistencies, colors, etc.
8. Shadows for eyelids serve to accentuate the look and highlight the color of the eyes. They are also divided into several types: crumbly, gel, cream, compact. They also differ among themselves and in texture - there are matte, shimmery and mother-of-pearl.
9. Blush required when you need to emphasize or highlight the cheekbones, adjust the face or generally revive the makeup. Sold both in pressed blocks and in liquid / cream form. It is recommended to choose a blush that is close in tone to the face, matte type.
10. Pomade - highlights lips. They also exist in different colors, shades and textures. Therefore, for each type of make-up, lipstick should be selected separately.

This list is not exhaustive. Depending on the needs of each woman, it can be either replenished or reduced. Moreover, each cosmetic product should also be selected to suit your requirements, taking into account factors such as convenience and quality.

Face preparation and correction

Any woman always wants to have a flawless appearancewhere the face plays a decisive role. Therefore, it is so important to know how to do the perfect make-up with your own hands at home.

So, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the main preparatory steps to create the right makeup:

1. Training skin face is an important stage, including procedures such as makeup remover and moisturizing. The skin should be thoroughly cleaned of the remnants of cosmetics or freshened up with your favorite tonic, then treated with thermal water and applied a cream suitable for the skin type.
2. If there are problem areas on the skin, then they should be treated with a corrector. You can get the perfect make-up at home if you know which concealer, in what cases you need to use it. For example, acne and red spots are best masked with a green corrector, blue and purple problem areas need to be covered yellowand earthy and greenish imperfections will help hide the pink tint of the concealer. It's also helpful to know how to deal with the most common facial problem - dark circles and bags under the eyes. These imperfections will allow you to correct the concealer with a tone slightly lighter than the natural skin color.
3. The next step is to achieve the perfect complexion. Better to do this with foundation or BB cream. It is recommended to apply this product with a beauty blender, sponge or a brush with synthetic bristles.
4. To fix the effect, you need powder. You can use a crumbly, clear or white product. Powder is the best auxiliary, not concealer, and should be applied sparingly with a soft brush.
5. Now comes the stage of face correction, because, having created the perfect tone, the face becomes like a blank page without glare and shadows. Using a soft natural bristle brush, pick up some brown corrector. After that, drive the product onto the brush and with light movements make the outline of the cheekbones (you need to start from the middle of the cheek, going towards the cheekbones) according to hair growth. Also, with this tool, you need to outline the sides of the nose, under the chin and slightly under the lower lip. Then it is necessary to lighten the back of the nose, the area above the upper lip, the chin, the protrusions of the cheekbones, under the eyebrows, the center of the forehead and inner corners eye.
6. It remains to carefully shade the lines. You can use a brush for this.

We do eye and lip makeup

Let's start with the eyebrows. They should initially be combed using a special brush. Draw a line under the eyebrows with a white or pink pencil, then shade it. To shape the brows, use a beveled brush and matte eyeshadow / pencil of the desired shade. When the ideal shape is achieved, it should be fixed with a special colorless gel.

The makeup process gets more complicated as we move on to the eyes. At this stage, you can correct their shape or emphasize a little, which is quite suitable for everyday, and therefore, the most popular make-up. After that, we apply the base under the shadows so that the latter lay down well and shade. Darker matte shades should be applied to the outer corner of the eyes, and lighter shades should be used for the inner eyelids. You can still draw with dark shadows along the lash line, but reaching only the middle of the century. The last line should be shaded.

Best effect will allow you to achieve an eyeliner or black pencil with which you need to emphasize the eyes. For evening makeup you can additionally draw a thin arrow on the upper eyelid. It remains to bring the mucous membrane of the eye with a white or pink pencil, paint the eyelashes with mascara from the inside and outside.

Now we apply the blush. First, you should go through the curves that are formed when we smile, pink or peach blush. Then blend in the light tone and apply a little dark product to highlight the cheekbones.

After studying the rules of good makeup and applying them, it remains to fix the work with thermal water or a special make-up fixer.

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How to apply correctly foundationhow to emphasize all the advantages of your face with blush, how to hide minor skin imperfections with a concealer, and how to get rid of unwanted shine with powder? Almost all girls use makeup every day, but we do not always know how to use our favorite beauty products 100%.

website has collected for you the best tips for creating perfectly smooth and beautiful skin. We hope you find them useful!

Base

Properly selected and applied, foundation can work wonders. The tone refreshes the face and gives it a sculptural appearance.

Apply your daily moisturizer to your face before using your foundation. Let it dry, and blot the excess with a towel.

Remember to use a sponge, brush or beauty blender for a flawless foundation.

After you finish applying foundation, be sure to blot your face with a napkin.

Always choose a foundation that will improve your skin type. Oil-free formulas are best for acne-prone skin, moisturizing formulas are best for normal to dry skin, and hypoallergenic creams are ideal for sensitive skin.

Never test tone on the wrist or elbow. The skin in these areas differs significantly from the complexion. Ideally, apply the foundation to an unpainted face and wait a few minutes. After a while, the cream will darken and you will be able to understand if it is right for you.

Apply foundation in a circular motionmoving from the center to the periphery.

Avoid applying cream in large portions. It is best to spread the base in small peas. So the base will lie more evenly and naturally.

Apply foundation in daylight whenever possible. Even if your bathroom has artificial lighting, it is very important to check it in daylight after completing your make-up to reveal any imperfections and irregularities.

Concealer

Every girl needs a concealer in her cosmetic bag. It will help hide the traces of a sleepless night, mask unwanted circles under the eyes and paint over unpleasant age spots and pimples that appeared at the wrong time.

11. Choose a concealer that is lighter than your skin tone.

12. Apply your daily eye cream before using concealer. It will be much more convenient to blend the corrective on pre-moisturized skin.

13. The process of shading will be much easier if you warm up your fingers first.

14. First apply the foundation on the face and only after that - the concealer.

15. And remember the basic rule: never use foundation instead of corrective.

Powder

Compact powder is one of the most common beauty products. It is able to hide imperfections and make the skin perfectly smooth and even. The powder can also absorb excess oil and grease from the face and reduce shine.

16. Apply powder only after the moisturizer and foundation is completely dry.

17. Basic tools for applying powder: sponge, wide brush or puff.

18. Follow the sequence when applying powder: first cover the forehead, then the wings of the nose and chin, and only then - the cheeks, cheekbones and side zones.

Blush

Although many of us use blush, not everyone knows the basic rules for applying it. Proper use of this cosmetic product will help to highlight the dignity of your face and give it freshness.

18. Apply blush in several light coats. This will help them hold out much longer.

One of frequent illnesses in newborns and children early age is conjunctivitis ... Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the transparent membrane of the eye (conjunctiva), manifested by lacrimation, photophobia, redness of the eye, the presence of mucous or mucopurulent discharge, pain and a feeling of a foreign body in the eye.

There are many reasons that lead to the development of conjunctivitis, but the most common are bacterial, viral and allergic conjunctivitis.

Causes of conjunctivitis in newborns

The development of a purulent conjunctiva can be caused by the presence of purulent-septic diseases in a newborn, non-observance of the hygienic regime in the hospital, defects in the care of the newborn. It is not uncommon for the cause of conjunctivitis to be the pathology of the lacrimal ducts.

Types of conjunctivitis depending on the etiology

• Bacterial - caused by bacterial agents (staphylococcal, streptococcal, pneumococcal, diphtheria, gonococcal, etc.);
• Viral - caused by viruses (adenovirus, herpes, etc.);
• Chlamydial;
• Allergic - as a result of the action of an allergen (medication, hay conjunctivitis, spring catarrh, etc.);
• Fungal;
• Autoimmune - caused by autoimmune processes in the body.

Common symptoms common to all conjunctivitis

• Itching and pain in the eyes;
• Feeling of a foreign body, sand in the eye;
• Photophobia and lacrimation;
• Redness (hyperemia) of the eye;
• The presence of a discharge, the nature of which depends on the pathogen. The discharge can be serous, purulent, mucous, hemorrhagic, crumbly, filmy;
• The eye gap is narrowed, the eyelids are edematous, hyperemic.

Let us consider in more detail the most common types of conjunctivitis in children.

Bacterial conjunctivitis

Causative agents bacterial conjunctivitis, most often, are: aureus and epidermal staphylococcus, streptococcus, E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, gonococcus.

The reason development of purulent conjunctivitis may also be a chlamydial infection.

Bacterial conjunctivitis pathogens can get on the mucous membrane of the eye with dirty hands. A newborn baby can get an infection while passing through the mother's birth canal.

Bacterial conjunctivitis symptoms

Of course, the symptoms of conjunctivitis depend on the pathogen that led to the development of the disease, but still there are a number common symptomsthat speak of its bacterial nature.

Bacterial conjunctivitis is characterized by inflammation of both eyes at once. Inflammation may start in one eye and then progress to the other. The lower eyelids are swollen, the eyes are red, there is increased lacrimation and photophobia. Purulent discharge (yellowish-greenish color) appears from the eyes. Often the eyes "stick together" from profuse purulent discharge, this is especially noticeable in the morning, when the discharge dries up and it is difficult for the baby to open his eyes. There may be itching and pain in the eyes, from which the child constantly rubs his eyes.

It helps to accurately establish the type of pathogen bacteriological examination - sowing of discharge from the eyes, for this they take a smear on the microflora and sensitivity to antibiotics.

Treating bacterial conjunctivitis

It is necessary to consult a specialist, since young children and especially newborns are prone to rapid generalization of the process, that is, the infection can easily spread to other organs and systems. Timely and correct treatment contributes to a quick recovery and helps to avoid unwanted consequences.

For the treatment of bacterial (purulent) conjunctivitis, use special eye drops and ointments with antibacterial action. Before applying the ointment or drops, it is necessary to clear the eyes of purulent crusts and discharge.

To do this, the eyes are wiped with gauze tampons, which are pre-moistened either in a decoction of herbs, or in a weak solution of furacillin, or simply in boiled water. It should be wiped from the outer corner of the eye to the inner one.

For the preparation of the broth, herbs that have an anti-inflammatory effect are suitable - chamomile, sage, nettle and others.

After removing the crusts, eye ointment is applied or drops are instilled. The frequency of instillation depends on the drug and the age of the child. On average, about 6-8 instillations per day, in the acute period, and about 3-4 times - during the period of improvement. It is better to put the ointment under the eyelids before going to bed. The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor, on average 7-10 days.

If several drugs are prescribed at the same time, then the interval between the administration of drugs should be at least 5 minutes.

Gonoblennorrhea

Gonoblenorrhea belongs to the group of acute conjunctivitis, caused by gonococcus. Depending on age, there are:, children, adults.

Gonococcal conjunctivitis of newborns

Infection occurs from the mother, when passing through the birth canal, it is also possible to get infected through the items of child care.

Symptoms gonoblenorrhea: develops 2-3 days after the birth of the child; has an acute character; the child develops pronounced swelling and redness of the eyelids. The eyelids are swollen, dense, the palpebral fissure almost does not open, the presence of a small amount of serous-bovine discharge, reminiscent of meat slop in color, is characteristic;

Sealing of the eyelids lasts about 3-4 days, after which it decreases, edema and hyperemia persist. There is a profuse purulent discharge of a yellowish color. At the edges of the eyelids, discharge can dry out and stick together.

The danger of gonorrhea in newborns is that in inflammatory process the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe eye can be involved, with the formation of infiltration on it first, and then ulcers. The infection can penetrate into the deep structures of the eye, which can lead to the development of endophthalmitis or panoflamitis. Another complication is scarring and clouding of the cornea, which leads to decreased vision.

Treatment of gonoblenorrhea of \u200b\u200bnewborns

• Copious flushing of the eyes with disinfectant solutions several times a day.
• The use of keratoplastic agents that promote healing and epithelialization of the mucous membrane of the eye (solcoseryl, sea \u200b\u200bbuckthorn oil other).
• Also, antibacterial ointments are used for treatment, both locally and in the form of retrobulbar injections, subconjunctiva.

Viral conjunctivitis

Most often caused by a simple virus herpes... Viral conjunctivitis is characterized by a one-sided lesion, a prolonged course, the appearance of bubbles on the skin of the eyelids, profuse lacrimation.

Adenovirus infection can also cause the development of viral conjunctivitis. At the same time, in addition to the signs of conjunctivitis, the child has signs of ARVI.

In most cases, with viral conjunctivitis, there is a layer of secondary infection and the process takes on a bacterial nature.

Viral conjunctivitis treatment

To treat viral conjunctivitis, your doctor may prescribe antiviral eye drops and ointments. In the case of a secondary infection, you cannot do without antibacterial drugs.

It should be remembered that bacterial and viral conjunctivitis is contagious. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the contact of other children with the patient and to provide personal items for caring for him (a towel, a scarf, and others).

Allergic conjunctivitis

Allergic conjunctivitis occurs in response to an irritant of an allergenic nature - plant pollen, dust, animal hair, medications, food and others.

It is rare in newborns.

The main clinical manifestations allergic conjunctivitis are: connection with an allergen, bilateral damage, severe itching and pain in the eyes. There is a sharp swelling and redness of the eyes, profuse lacrimation. The discharge from the eyes is serous (transparent).

Allergic conjunctivitis treatment

It is necessary to find out and eliminate the cause (allergen). Antihistamine drops are used to relieve symptoms of the disease.

Fungal conjunctivitis

Clinical manifestations of fungal conjunctivitis are: severe itching, lacrimation, a feeling of a foreign body in the eye, there may be a slight photophobia. Fungal conjunctivitis is characterized by the presence of a white, crumbly discharge; when a bacterial infection is attached, the discharge can acquire a mucopurulent character.

On examination, the conjunctiva is loosened, hyperemic.

When examining a smear, mycelium filaments are found.

Treatment for fungal conjunctivitis

Antifungal drugs (ointments, drops) are used - nystatin, livarin and others.

In severe cases, it may be necessary to prescribe glucocorticosteroids (dexometasone and others).

Prevention of conjunctivitis in children

Compliance with the rules of personal hygiene - washing hands with soap, those touching and not rubbing your eyes with your hands, have a personal towel, handkerchief and other household items.

Strengthening the immune system - vitamins, minerals, the inclusion of fresh vegetables and fruits in the diet, hardening, exercise and others.

Maintaining cleanliness in the house - regular wet cleaning, airing the room.

If a child has conjunctivitis, then (if possible) should be isolated from other children.

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye is widespread among children. Sooner or later, every parent is faced with it. Conjunctivitis in newborns can occur even in the first week of life. It can be caused by the imperfection of the baby's immune system, inaccuracies in care, and insufficient prevention in the hospital. In the absence of treatment, infection of other tissues of the eye is possible; if the cornea is involved in the process, there is a risk of deterioration, or even loss, of vision.

Causes of conjunctivitis in infants

A third of all visits to an ophthalmologist in the first year of life are caused by conjunctivitis of various origins. When choosing how to treat conjunctivitis in a newborn, the correct diagnosis of the cause of the disease plays a decisive role.

Eye infection in newborns in the first week of life is usually a consequence of infection with pathogens that may be present in the birth canal. Most often, the pathogen is chlamydia trachomatis, much less often - gonococci, which pose a great danger to vision.

Conjunctivitis in infants can occur both as a result of external infection with bacteria or viruses, and as a result of the pathogenic development of microflora natural to the eye. External infection can be caused by dirty hands, debris in the eye, and even dust flying in windy weather. Otitis, tonsillitis, rhinitis, sinusitis can contribute to the development of eye inflammation. Allergic conjunctivitis is also found in preschool children. In a special risk group - premature newborns, babies with obstruction of the lacrimal ducts.

After the pathogen enters the conjunctival sac, microorganisms begin to multiply, leading to reddening of the mucous membrane and to the appearance of purulent, and sometimes bloody, discharge.

What is conjunctivitis

Depending on the cause of conjunctivitis, they are divided into types:

Bacterial infections, also called purulent... The disease is accompanied by abundant thick discharge, poorly tolerated by the baby. At first, it covers only one eye, the inflammation passes to the second in a couple of days. Despite the severe course, the disease can be successfully treated; it has practically no complications. The only exception is gonoblenorrhea.

1. The most common bacterial infection in infants - chlamydial, it occupies 40% of all cases of conjunctivitis in the first month of life. Inflammation of the eyes develops in 25-50% of babies born to women with an acute infection. The symptoms of conjunctivitis appear after 2, maximum 4 weeks, in premature babies - faster. The disease proceeds in acute form, in the absence of treatment - with periods of exacerbation and temporary attenuation. In case of untimely treatment, infection is possible respiratory tract, otitis media. The infection is accompanied by intoxication, so the baby may have a fever, lethargy, and headache.
2. Pneumococcus and Haemophilus influenzae are the cause of 30-50% of cases of conjunctivitis. Different strains of pneumococci differ in their pathogenicity, so the disease can take several forms. For newborns, a tear form is characteristic - against the background of reddening of the eyes, a liquid lacrimal-mucous discharge leaves them. In older children, the discharge is usually purulent.
3. Hemophilus bacillus is one of the representatives of normal microflora, can be carried by airborne droplets, is a conditionally pathogenic microorganism. Its excessive development is possible in premature newborns, as well as babies taking antibacterial drugs for a long time. At risk are children on artificial feeding, weakened babies who have just had an illness.
4. Gonococcus accounts for less than 1% of infections. This microorganism leads to the development of acute purulent conjunctivitis - gonoblenorrhea. Infection occurs during childbirth if the mother has gonorrhea. Symptoms appear around day 2. With the timely start of treatment, the prognosis is good, the baby's vision can be preserved. If the infection has managed to hit the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe eye, complications in the form of visual impairment up to blindness are possible. Prevention of gonoblenorrhea is carried out immediately after birth. A newborn is wiped with a solution of furacilin and rivanol, sodium sulfacil is instilled.

Chemically related conjunctivitis usually occurs as a consequence of local anti-gonococcal prophylaxis. It appears on the first day and disappears on its own in 2-4 days.

Viral conjunctivitis in a newborn occurs much less often, usually it is provoked by adenoviruses. Infection occurs through contact with the patient, symptoms appear after 4-7 days. Usually, only 1 eye is affected, the second either remains healthy, or is affected in more mild form In a few days. Usually conjunctivitis is preceded by ARVI. Herpes infection is also possible in children. This conjunctivitis does not go away long time, has an erased flow. Any viral infection can be complicated by a bacterial infection with its characteristic symptoms, which makes it much more difficult to identify the true cause of the pathology.

The cause of allergic conjunctivitis is a hypersensitivity to allergens. As a rule, it is accompanied by rhinitis, urticaria, atopic dermatitis. It is not typical for newborns, it is usually observed in children over 4 years of age.

Signs of development

With newborns, they most often turn to an ophthalmologist due to reddening of the eyes, sticking of the eyelids due to drying up pus. In older babies, you may notice a fear of light. Pain and itching make the baby crawl into the eyes with pens. The acute period lasts no more than 4 days; if untreated or misdiagnosed, symptoms may persist longer. As a rule, conjunctivitis does not give complications. The exception is inflammation caused by gonococcus and herpes. They can contribute to the formation of ulcers and eventually scarring of the cornea, leading to loss of vision.

The procedure for diagnosing conjunctivitis:

1. Diagnosis is primarily based on physical examination. Upon treatment, the ophthalmologist evaluates the function and structure of the eyes.
2. In all newborns, and in the presence of atypical signs, a smear is taken from the conjunctiva, the bacteria are differentiated according to the Gram method. The presence of gram-negative bacteria in infants suggests a gonococcal infection. The reason for the erased and atypical signs of the disease may be an untimely visit to a doctor, unsuccessful treatment at home.
3. To detect chlamydia trachomatis and specific infections, sowing is performed from the conjunctiva.

Self-treatment of conjunctivitis can be dangerous for the baby's eyesight, since orbital infection, corneal trauma, a foreign body, which sometimes can only be detected by eversion, have similar symptoms upper eyelid... In addition, conjunctivitis can be a symptom of Kawasaki syndrome, as well as measles that rarely affects infants. Any inflammation of the eye in a newborn requires an immediate examination by an ophthalmologist.

Typical clinical signs different types conjunctivitis:

How to cure conjunctivitis in children at home

It is possible to treat conjunctivitis in a newborn on your own only if you are sure of its bacterial origin. At the slightest doubt, a doctor's examination is necessary. Acute infection can be won in just 2 days. To do this, you will need a manganese solution of a barely noticeable light pink color, Levomycetin eye drops with a concentration of 0.25%, Tetracycline ointment, only 1% eye. These drugs do not cause a burning sensation (unlike Albucid) and are well tolerated by infants. So that the child does not worry during the procedures, the solution and drops can be heated to body temperature.

Principles of treatment of conjunctivitis in infants:

1. Before instilling an antibiotic, it is necessary to wash out the mucous or purulent discharge in order to reduce the number of pathogenic microorganisms in the eye. We do this with a manganese solution. You must first clean your closed eyes with a cotton swab soaked in the solution, then rinse the conjunctiva with a pipette or syringe without a needle. A new swab is taken for each eye. In the absence of manganese, you can take a decoction of chamomile, a solution of furacilin. Rinse eyes breast milk not worth it, as it is a good breeding ground for bacteria.
2. After cleansing the eye, you need to drop chloramphenicol into it. For a baby, 1 drop is enough. You need to treat both eyes, even if there are no signs of conjunctivitis on the second one. Instillation is repeated every hour, with abundant discharge of tears, even more often. Levomycetin works only locally, so an overdose of a newborn is not threatened. Beforehand, the eye is cleaned every time.
3. At night, instead of chloramphenicol, we use tetracycline ointment. It needs to be placed behind the lower eyelid. To do this, we pull back the eyelid, squeeze out a little ointment from the tube and touch it to the mucous membrane so that the ointment remains on it. Then we close the eye and massage it lightly so that the ointment is evenly distributed.

It is necessary to treat according to this scheme until the symptoms disappear. Then for another 3 days, chloramphenicol is instilled 6 times a day, tetracycline ointment - at night. This is necessary in order to ensure that bacteria are destroyed and relapse is avoided.

In the case of chlamydial conjunctivitis, erythromycin or azithromycin tablets are used, since there is a high risk of spreading the infection to the lungs. The standard of treatment for gonoblenorrhea is ceftriaxone or cefotaxime intramuscularly, frequent eye rinsing. With herpetic conjunctivitis, Acyclovir is prescribed, antiviral ointments or drops.

Prevention of the problem in newborns

The prevention of conjunctivitis in infants begins to be dealt with even in the antenatal clinic. Expectant mothers at about 34 weeks undergo repeated diagnostics aimed at identifying pathogenic microflora. If it is necessary to sanitize the birth canal, suppositories and tablets are prescribed.

In maternity hospitals, prevention of blennorrhea is carried out. Although the drugs can cause drug-induced conjunctivitis, their use immediately after childbirth is mandatory. It is thanks to this system that vision loss in newborns has become a rarity; before its introduction, blenorrhea affected every 10 babies.

After discharge, the prevention of conjunctivitis falls on the shoulders of the parents. To avoid infection, you need to adhere to simple hygiene rules:

1. Rinse the newborn's eyes daily with boiled water using a cotton pad.
2. Only touch the baby's face with freshly washed hands.
3. Use only personal towels, napkins and other hygiene products for the newborn.
4. Avoid contact of the baby with sick people.
5. Strengthen the immunity of the newborn.
6. Save breast-feeding 6 months or more.
7. Timely cut your child's nails to avoid eye injuries.
8. After deleting foreign bodies from the eye, it is imperative to undergo the prescribed preventive treatment.

Conjunctivitis in a newborn child under one year old is a common situation and can threaten with unpleasant complications, but with timely treatment, coping with the disease in most cases can be easily and quickly. Therefore, parents should know in advance what to do, how to recognize and treat such eye damage in a child.

This common disease can develop in a person at any age, including soon after the birth of a baby, in a month-old and one-year-old child. In this article, we will look at why this happens and how to deal with the disease.

The term "conjunctivitis" refers to a group of diseases in which specific eye damage develops: inflammation on the mucous membrane that lines the white of the eye and the eyelids from the inside. This mucosa is called the conjunctiva. Conjunctivitis in infants can develop even in the first days after birth - this may be due to infection during childbirth and some other factors.

Types of disease in infants

Conjunctivitis in an infant can be of several types, which differ in the underlying cause of the condition. There are three main types:

Most often, a newborn develops a viral or bacterial form of the disease. In the first case, the condition is caused by specific viruses entering the child's eyes, and in the second, bacteria. Allergic conjunctivitis is caused by allergens: pollen, animals, dust. The form of the course of the disease differs depending on what cause it is caused.

If conjunctivitis has infant occurs shortly after birth, they speak of congenital conjunctivitis. This happens if the baby contracted an infection during childbirth. In this case, it appears after a few days.

The reasons for the development of the disease

Most common reasons development of conjunctivitis in infants up to a year:

1. Eye infection during childbirth, if the mother is infected with chlamydial, gonococcal or other infection.
2. Reduced immunity, which is not yet formed in a newborn and is easily susceptible to infection.
3. Dirt gets into the eyes due to poor hygiene or accident.
4. The mother is infected with herpes.
5. The room has a high concentration of an allergen to which the child has developed sensitivity.

The bacteria and viruses that cause conjunctivitis can easily provoke illness in a newborn because the immune system is still imperfect and cannot repel the attack of infection.

Main signs and diagnostics

It is not difficult to recognize conjunctivitis in a newborn, since the eye damage is quite obvious. However, depending on the cause that caused the disease, it has different distinguishing features. According to them, the doctor makes a diagnosis. For example, in newborns, it is caused by a bacterial infection.

Signs of bacterial conjunctivitis:

• profuse purulent discharge appears;
• the eyelids are swollen;
• the eyelids begin to stick together, after sleep, the eyes do not open or open with difficulty;
• in the beginning, one eye is affected, the second may not be affected at first.

Among the symptoms of viral conjunctivitis in infants:

• in most cases accompanies ARVI;
• discharge profuse, but transparent, without pus;
• the infection affects both eyes at once or quickly passes to the second;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• swelling is mild.

The allergic form is manifested by the following symptoms:

• discharge is light, like mucus;
• swelling of the eyelids;
• severe itching, the baby is trying to rub his eyes, is very anxious, screams.

Depending on the form of the disease in children under one year old, appropriate treatment is prescribed and carried out.

How and how to treat neonatal conjunctivitis?

Treatment for conjunctivitis in newborn babies depends on the type of disease.

First of all, the eyes must be rinsed from pus. For washing in a newborn, you need to use a sterile cotton swab and a mild agent: it can be decoctions of chamomile or calendula, a furacilin solution, or just boiled water.

In the bacterial form of the disease, therapy is carried out using drugs containing an antibiotic. It can be:

• antibiotic drops: "Floxal", "Tobrex" are approved for use in children from birth;
• ointment for conjunctivitis for newborns (it is most effective to use at night): "Floxal", tetracycline 1%.

Massage of the nasolacrimal canal is also effective for better discharge of inflammatory discharge, but it should be carried out by medical personnel or parents after training.

Sodium sulfacil solution (albucid) can be used only at a concentration of 10% (for a newborn) and 20% (after 1 year). it effective remedy, but these drops cause a strong burning sensation in the inflamed eyes.

Bacterial conjunctivitis looks scary due to the release of pus, but with proper and timely treatment, it can be cured in just a couple of days.

How long the disease passes depends on the cause and on the form. Viral conjunctivitis in a newborn can last longer than bacterial conjunctivitis until the baby's body cope with the virus. You can help him by washing his eyes and instilling drops with interferon or its inductors: "Oftalmoferon", "Aktipol". These drops also have anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties, helping the conjunctiva to recover from inflammation.

Eye drops containing interferon must be stored in the refrigerator, therefore, before instilling in the baby's eyes, the bottle must be heated by hand to room temperature.

Allergic conjunctivitis

If the inflammation persists, and its symptoms are similar to allergic ones, you should immediately show the newborn baby to a specialist. All funds used for allergic form diseases, only relieve the symptoms of the disease and alleviate the condition, but do not fight the cause.

You can get rid of allergies only by removing the allergen and not allowing it to come into contact with the newborn. In addition, allergy eye drops have a restriction on the age of the child (he must be at least one year old). Therefore, the most important thing is to determine what exactly caused the reaction: flowering trees, pets, household or book dust, or other possible sources of allergens.

Additionally, we invite you to watch a video in which the ophthalmologist talks about the forms of childhood conjunctivitis and methods of treatment, and also dispels popular myths:

How to instill eyes in a baby?

It is not easy for a newborn to drip eye drops. For effective treatment follow simple rules:

1. If the drops are stored in the refrigerator, warm the bottle in your hand before instilling it.
2. Do not try to put more than 1 drop in each eye - the newborn's conjunctival sac simply does not hold more.
3. If the baby closes his eyes, drop it on the junction of the eyelids - when the eyes open, the medicine will fall on the conjunctiva.
4. If a pipette is used, then its end must be rounded.

Prevention and prognosis

The prognosis of the disease with correct treatment favorable: treatment takes several days on average and passes without consequences.

In no case should the inflammation be left unattended in the hope that it will go away on its own: the newborn's body is still too weak, and the infection can lead to complications and irreversible changes in the cornea, which will lead to a drop in vision.

To avoid the development of pathology, you need to follow a number of simple rules. Prevention of eye inflammation in a newborn should be comprehensive, and it should start even before pregnancy, and continue - always:

1. Before starting attempts to get pregnant, the expectant mother needs to be examined for the presence of latent genital infections, which may be asymptomatic.
2. The newborn should have a separate face towel.
3. Wash your baby's hands and yourself thoroughly on a regular basis before contacting him.
4. and wash your baby regularly.
5. Keep the nursery clean.
6. Ventilate the room regularly and keep the air humid.
7. Avoid contact with sick people.

In the video below, you will learn how to care for the eyes of a newborn baby and get answers to frequently asked questions from parents. Enjoy watching:

Conjunctivitis is a rather unpleasant, but easily curable disease for a newborn baby, and if the recommendations are followed, it goes away quickly and without consequences.