Bladder emptying disorder switzerland. What threatens neurogenic bladder - expert opinion

In the urologist's office, it is not uncommon for patients to complain that urine does not completely come out of it. Moreover, both women and men can suffer from such a nuisance. Doctors call this phenomenon residual urine - the liquid that remains in the organ, despite the person's efforts to empty completely. At the same time, 50 ml is already considered a significant volume, although in especially severe cases the "unnecessary weight" reaches the limit of several liters.

Symptoms

Unsurprisingly, the main complaint people have with this disorder is incomplete emptying. bladder... There may be several reasons for concern: a weak "signal" to go to the toilet, a process that stretches into several stages, as well as muscle tension and the exertion of effort in order for the desired act to take place. At the same time, patients may not feel any other discomfort. But doctors are sure that even these seemingly minor problems should be a reason for a visit to the clinic. After all, they lead to a number of serious and serious complications.

Chronic renal impairment is easily detected thanks to isotope renography. As a result, pyelonephritis, diverticula, cystitis or any other disease develop. If a person has chills, heat and severe pain in the lower back, then doctors may suspect urosepsis. In the body, it can proceed in a malignant form, as evidenced by toxic changes in the blood - high leukocytosis, for example.

Most common reasons

Based on the above facts, an absolutely logical conclusion can be made: urine does not completely leave the bladder when the body "eats" a disease - chronic or acute. There are many factors leading to the problem:

• Mechanical causes - diseases of the genitourinary system and kidney infections... For example, trauma to these organs, the presence of tumor formations on them, as well as prostate cancer, adenoma, phimosis, the presence of stones.
• Diseases nervous system: spinal cord or brain injuries, tumors, myelitis and so on.
• Intoxication with medicines. It is diagnosed when a patient takes narcotic drugs or sleeping pills for a long time.

The most common cause of urinary retention in men is adenoma. The problem arises when the blood rushes to this organ. The acute form is caused by severe hypothermia, alcohol abuse, a sedentary lifestyle and disorders of the digestive tract.

Some more factors ...

But these are not all the reasons people complain about when they notice residual urine and pain when emptying the bladder. It happens that the problem arises against the background of a fracture of the pelvic bones and an injury to the urethra - in most cases in the stronger sex. Less commonly, this discomfort is a consequence of the disorder nervous regulation the muscular membrane of the bladder or defective work of the sphincters of this organ. Hemorrhages in the spinal cord, compression of the vertebrae, etc. can lead to it.

It often has a reflex character. That is, it is observed in a person in the first few days after he underwent surgery on the pelvic organs or has suffered from the influence of severe stress. Sometimes the disease is diagnosed in absolutely healthy peoplewho regularly consume alcoholic beverages. Alcoholics develop atony of the cystic muscle - a weakening of the walls of the bladder, as a result of which the patient cannot fully control the act of emptying.

Varieties of urinary retention

This disorder can be of two types. When urine does not completely exit the bladder, doctors diagnose complete or incomplete retention. The first involves the patient's desire to go to the toilet, in which the body cannot excrete even a drop of liquid. For such people, urine is released from the organ for years artificially - through a catheter. With a partial release of the liquid, they say that the act began, but for some reason, it was never completed until the end. Usually, the trouble occurs against the background of the above-described diseases. Once the problem is fixed, the process will recover. If not accept necessary measures on time, the delay can become chronic.

Frequent emptying of the bladder without completely emptying it leads to stretching of the walls of the organ. This, in turn, provokes the appearance of another trouble - the inability to keep fluid in the middle of the body. At first, a person loses a few drops, after some time he is not able to fully control the process - urination occurs anywhere under different conditions. This phenomenon is called paradoxical ishuria.

Other forms

A disorder called residual urine is sometimes associated with unusual factors. For example, there is a peculiar form of delay, which is characterized by a sudden interruption of the process with the ability to continue. The patient begins to empty normally, but the act suddenly stops. Often the cause is a stone in the ureter. When the position of the body changes, the manipulation is resumed. Doctors say that some patients with urolithiasis can go to the toilet only in one position - sitting, squatting, sideways.

Delayed emptying may be accompanied by hematuria - the presence of blood in the fluid. Sometimes it can be seen with the naked eye: urine becomes pinkish or brownish. If the presence of blood is too small to notice it, the liquid is taken for analysis, where it is analyzed under a microscope and conclusions are drawn. By the way, experienced urologists can detect urinary retention even during a routine examination. In such patients, swelling is felt in the lower abdomen, provoked by the presence of an incompletely emptied bladder.

How can you help a patient?

If urine does not completely pass out of the bladder, the person needs urgent medical advice. Acute form organ dysfunction requires emergency assistance... Typically, these people have a catheter inserted for normal emptying. For this purpose, the outer opening of the canal is treated and disinfected, after which a rubber tube, generously moistened with petroleum jelly or glycerin, is carefully inserted into it. Tweezers regulate the movement of the catheter by securing it in the urethra. The procedure is carried out progressively - 2 centimeters each, without haste and sudden movements.

If the cause of the problem in the patient is urolithiasis or prostatitis, then the manipulation is not carried out. In these cases, the presence of a rubber tube in the organ can lead to serious complications. The catheter can be delivered on a permanent basis. In this case, the procedure is carried out by a urologist, prescribing antibiotics after it in order to avoid the development of inflammatory processes. A temporary rubber tube can be inserted by the patient himself immediately before the act of emptying. But before that, he must consult a doctor.

Treatment

The feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder is rather unpleasant. To get rid of it forever, you must first remove the cause that caused the problem. Get a complete examination with a qualified urologist. After consulting with a nephrologist, gynecologist and oncologist, if necessary, he will diagnose the disease and take measures to treat it. Oddly enough, reflex delays are the hardest to heal because they are psychological in nature. Here psychotherapy sessions help, as well as such simple manipulations as irrigation of the genitals with warm water or the operation of the water tap during urination.

Remember that incomplete emptying can be lifelong troublesome. In this case, they speak of a relapse. Moreover, it occurs in those cases when the patient picks up a urinary tract infection. Therefore, it is so important to take care of your health and sound the alarm at the slightest manifestation of discomfort. Self-medication is extremely dangerous and often leads to serious consequences and serious complications.

If the reason disorders of urination serves as a brain disease, there is a violation of the inhibitory effects of the cortex and there is an involuntary emptying of the bladder with varying frequency. The volume of urine in this case is greater than with a reflex spinal bladder (automatic bladder), no residual urine is detected. This form of urinary dysfunction is rare and occurs mainly in patients with severe senile dementia. Its symptom is also psychoorganic syndrome, which may be accompanied by epileptic seizures, neuropsychiatric disorders, or focal neurological symptoms.

Characteristic manifestations of urinary incontinence are also observed with resorptive hydrocephalus.
If observed severe syndrome transverse lesion of the spinal cord, it is he, and not the violation of urination that is leading in the clinical picture.

Discrete signs of lateral lesion and urinary disorder.
The last correspond in this case to an automatic bladder, i.e. there is frequent urination (which can be triggered, for example, by patting the lower abdomen) with involuntary discharge of a relatively small volume of urine. It is necessary to identify signs of spastic paresis, pyramidal signs and the level of sensitivity disorders. Among the reasons it should be mentioned:
compression of the spinal cord due to the volumetric intraspinal process;
myelitis;
multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis especially often accompanied by an urgent urge to urinate, which is sometimes an early symptom of the disease. They serve as a sign of a supranuclear disorder: when the urge appears, the patient must immediately run to the toilet, otherwise involuntary urination occurs. Such patients have to plan their daily life in such a way that they are always close to the toilet. It is always necessary to question the patient in detail about such violations, they are very characteristic of multiple sclerosis, but occasionally they can also be of a functional nature.

In these cases disorder of urination accompanied by impaired sensitivity and / or paresis. The main sign is that the patient does not feel the passage of urine when emptying the bladder and feces through the rectum (about which he should be asked in detail). There is also a violation of sensitivity in the sitting position (saddle anesthesia) and during intercourse. Neurological examination of the patient should include a study of sensitivity in the anogenital region, identification of movement disorders in the area of \u200b\u200binnervation of the sacral roots, as well as an assessment of the anal and bulbocavernous reflexes. Urinary dysfunction is characterized by an overflow of the bladder with a large amount of residual urine. The main reasons are the volumetric process in the lumbosacral spinal canal and the tethered cord syndrome.

With a relatively acute the appearance of urination disordersaccompanied by pain in the sacrum and sciatica, a suspicion arises:
on the herniated disc at the lumbar level, especially the median;
rapidly progressing intraspinal tumor (malignant tumor or metastases) at the lumbosacral level, as well as carcinomatous meningosis;
defeat of the roots with borreliosis.

If a violation develops quickly, but not accompanied by pain, one can assume:
volumetric process of the cauda equina itself
or an inflammatory process in this area (for example, Elsberg syndrome).

Polyradiculoneuritis (Guillain-Barré syndrome) is not accompanied by urinary disorders.

Violation of urination grows gradually.
If a violations progress over several months or even years and are accompanied by signs of lesions of the cauda equina roots, the cause may be, first of all, a slowly developing volumetric process in the lumbar spinal canal, for example, dermoid, ependymoma, neurinoma, etc. (characterized by an increase in the protein content in cerebrospinal fluid, expansion of the canal during X-ray examination, the decisive methods are CT, MRI, myelography).

If observed signs of violatione.g. secretion of sweat glands, pyloric reactions, regulation blood pressure, heart rate or potency, they can be accompanied by vegetative denervation of the bladder, its enlargement, stretching, flaccid walls. The reasons can be two groups of violations:

Chronic polyneuropathy, especially with diabetes mellitus and primary amyloidosis;
some diseases with a predominant lesion of the autonomic nervous system, for example, pandizautonomy, Reilly's familial dysautonomy, orthostatic hypotension with Shay-Drager syndrome, other multisystem atrophies.

Neurogenic bladder is called a dysfunction of urination due to damage to the nervous system. Neurogenic bladder dysfunction cannot be regarded as an independent disease. This is a collective syndrome that unites conditions that arise in connection with congenital or acquired lesions at various levels of the nerve pathways and centers that innervate the bladder and provide the function of voluntary urination.

Causes of a neurogenic bladder:

· Inflammatory-degenerative diseases and tumors of the brain and spinal cord (encephalitis; diabetic, alcoholic and post-vaccination neuropathies, cholesteatoma, tuberculoma, multiple sclerosis, etc.).

· Traumatic injuries of the brain and spinal cord (strokes, ruptures, compression, destruction, surgical interventions on the pelvic organs).

· Congenital defects of the terminal spine, spinal cord, nervous system of the bladder.

Clinic

Disorders with a neurogenic bladder are either in the form of pathological urinary retention or in the form of urinary incontinence. True urinary incontinence is accompanied by a lack of feeling of full bladder. The patient cannot retain urine, it does not accumulate in the bladder and is continuously excreted drop by drop as it enters it.

With paradoxical urinary incontinence (sluggish bladder), reflex emptying of the bladder is impaired. The detrusor does not contract, the internal sphincter is closed. The bladder fills and the reflex doesn't work. When the bladder overflows, urine, due to mechanical stretching of the internal sphincter, flows out in small portions. This leaves a large amount of urine in the bladder (residual urine).

In the absence of cortical regulation of urination (in case of damage to the spinal cord above the centers of segmental innervation of the bladder), the bladder is emptied reflexively - the bladder automatism is formed: as it stretches with accumulated urine, corresponding irritations of the stretch (pressure) receptors arise and reflex emptying occurs. Urine is passed involuntarily. The feeling of fullness in the bladder and the urge to urinate are often absent. In this case, there is periodic urinary incontinence with constant residual urine in the bladder (spastic bladder).

Another violation of the sensitivity of the bladder can be a lack of feeling of fullness and the urge to urinate. With this violation, a person does not feel his bladder and the need to urinate has to be constantly remembered. This disorder, especially in combination with spasm of the sphincter, can lead to pathological expansion of the bladder, reflux of urine into the ureters and kidneys with the development of inflammation in them.

Along with the inability to control urination, there may be such pathological sensations in the bladder as a feeling of excessive fullness with the so-called false urge to urinate. False urges can occur very often, depriving a person of the opportunity to work and communicate normally.

Due to the fact that denervation of the bladder leads to pronounced trophic disorders, the course of the disease is often complicated by interstitial cystitis, which causes sclerosis and wrinkling of the bladder. This serious complication exacerbates the danger to the kidneys and in some cases requires special surgical interventions to increase the capacity of the bladder.

Diagnostics

In addition to examination, great importance in the diagnosis of a neurogenic bladder is attached to laboratory and instrumental research. Laboratory diagnostics includes a general analysis of urine, a sample according to Zimnitsky, a general blood test, a biochemical blood test. Of x-ray examinations survey radiography, urethrocystography (normal and vocal), excretory urography, ascending pyelography are performed. Significant methods instrumental diagnostics are ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder, radioisotope renography, cystoscopy, urodynamic study and video urodynamic study (uroflowmetry, cystometry, sphincterometry).

Treatment

Treatment of a neurogenic bladder directly depends on the cause of the nerve damage and requires, first of all, treatment primary disease... There are three main areas of treatment: medication, electrical stimulation and surgical.

The main type of treatment is the use of pharmacological agents. In case of urinary retention, adequate drainage of the bladder using an indwelling catheter is also necessary; prevention of urinary tract infection or treatment of urological infection if it develops with antiseptics and / or antibiotics. In patients with urinary incontinence, measures are taken to resume reflex emptying of the bladder. For this purpose, regular clamping of an indwelling catheter every 2-3 hours and other methods are used.

You can undergo diagnosis and treatment of the disease in the Department of Neurology of the Center for Spinal Cord Pathology of our clinic.

In both the male and female part of the population, a situation often arises when the bladder does not empty completely. The feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder occurs if there is at least 50 ml of urine in it, the so-called residual urine. In the absence of pathological processes, the urge to urinate usually appears when the bladder is filled with urine in a volume of two hundred to two hundred and fifty milliliters. The act of urination is subordinate to the reflexes of the human body.

How is deurination normal?

During normal functioning of the body, a number of complementary processes occur that lead to normal urine flow. If the bladder is full, then it sends a signal to the central nervous system that it should be emptied of urine. Further, during deurination, the brain sends a command to the bladder sphincter, which relaxes and the muscles contract. Urine flows through the ureters.

Why does this pathology appear?

Why is there a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder? The reasons for this phenomenon are very diverse. The main ones are:

• cystitis;
• calculi in the bladder;
• prostate adenoma and phimosis in men;
• benign tumors and cancer of this organ;
• inflammation in other organs of the small pelvis (reflex excitation of the bladder occurs);
• small bladder;
• overactive bladder;
• violations of the normal innervation of the pelvic organs as a result of trauma, tumor diseases;
• kidney infections;
• pathology of the nervous system (spinal cord and brain injuries, neoplasms in this area, myelitis);
• poisoning with drugs (with prolonged use of drugs, sleeping pills);
• in women, such an ailment can be when carrying a child, and even after childbirth;
• viral infections (herpes);
• strictures of the urethra;
• age-related loss; decreased strength of the muscles of the bladder.

It is also necessary to say that the feeling of a full bladder can initiate alcohol-containing drinks, the effect of low temperatures, and disturbances in the normal functioning of the intestines.

Incomplete emptying of the bladder in women most often occurs against the background of inflammation of the genitourinary system.

Stricture formations in the canal for deurination

Development mechanism

The mechanism of development of "ailments", in which there is a constant sensation of a full bladder, in many cases can be directly related to the presence of residual urine in the bladder. As a rule, this situation occurs when the normal flow of urine is interfered with (fusion of the urethra or calculi).

Also, one of the pathogenetic factors is urinary atony or hypotension, while the walls of the reservoir cannot contract normally. This situation occurs when there are interruptions in the innervation mechanism.

Sometimes the inability to completely empty the urinary reservoir is due to psychological reasons.

Excessive stretching of the bladder is triggered by various infections. If the fluid is not completely removed, then the muscle frame is stretched, there is soreness, a feeling of bursting over the pubic region. In the future, the emptying bladder is unable to contract normally.

Sometimes the causative factor can be the hyperactivity of the urine reservoir, this condition is directly opposite to atony. Then the muscles are constantly in good shape. Because of this, there is a very frequent desire to urinate, and when the bladder is not completely full, the person does not leave the feeling of an incomplete act.

During pregnancy, the disruption of the normal functioning of the bladder is due to the fact that the growing fetus presses on nearby structures, and the bladder becomes more active, it does not have time to adapt to more intense work.

Therapeutic measures in pregnant women are carried out purely in stationary conditions.

An age-related decrease in the tone of the muscle layer of the bladder also becomes a frequent cause of the disease, usually people over 60 years old suffer from this type of disorder.

Types of pathology

The pathological process can be of two types:

• complete retention of urine (with this type of sick person is unable to allocate even a milliliter of urine). The urge is there, but it is impossible to release the bubble. Such patients are forced to resort to emptying by means of a catheter;
• incomplete retention (emptying of the bladder is carried out, but due to some factors, the act does not end), little urine is excreted;
• residual urine (a disease in which the initially normal act of urination is interrupted with the inability to continue it).

When successful treatment it is possible to prevent the chronicity of the disease.

Symptoms

Symptoms of a full bladder are frequent urge to urinate, which may occur immediately after the end of deurination. Feeling of full bladder after urinating. The process itself is accompanied by soreness, burning sensation, discomfort, heaviness over the pubic region. This is due to the stretching of the bladder wall with large amounts of fluid.

Do not forget about the psychological component. Even in the presence of an empty bladder, the patient is restless, he cannot move far from the restroom, and engage in routine matters. This leads to fatigue, irritability, aggressiveness.

There are also specific signs of the disease that leads to such a pathology. With prostatitis in men, there is an intermittent stream of urine, impotence, urine leakage. If there is a malignant neoplasm of the prostate gland, then the patient loses weight, he has no appetite.

With urolithiasis, cramping pains are present, especially if the calculus moves along the urinary tract. There is a sediment in the urine, there is hematuria.

Glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis are characterized by pain in the lower back, fever, and a change in the composition of urine. With glomerulonephritis, blood impurities are observed in the urine.

Cystitis and urethritis differ in that the patient has a frequent desire to urinate, during the emptying of the bladder there is pain, burning. Hyperthermia is characteristic.

Establishing diagnosis

Finding out the reasons for this condition consists of many stages. First of all, the doctor collects anamnesis, he asks the patient in detail about the symptoms of the disease, about what preceded such a condition, also about all chronic diseases, about the operations carried out. A woman needs to talk about her last childbirth, menstrual cycle.

Also, the doctor palpates the location of the bladder, if it is actually overflowing, then the specialist will easily determine it by touch, it will bulge. Based on the examination, the doctor can suggest why there is a feeling of fullness in the bladder, which tests to prescribe.

Diagnostic methods use a general analysis of blood and urine, blood biochemistry, urine culture for microflora, cystoscopic, urographic, ultrasound examination of the pelvic area. If these techniques are ineffective, CT, MRI, isotopic techniques are prescribed.

Healing approaches

Treatment of this pathology begins with the elimination of the root cause of the disease. If the factor causing the feeling of a full bladder is an infection, then antibacterial or antiviral therapy is imperative. In the presence of urolithiasis, the doctor prescribes drugs that are able to dissolve small stones. If the size of the stones is large, then stone crushing is used.

In the case of urethral stricture, the only way to solve the problem is surgical method solving the problem.

If the illness is explained by a psychological factor, then the patient is prescribed sedatives, psychotherapy is recommended.

In the case of formations of a benign and malignant nature, excision of the tumor is performed, when confirming malignancy, chemotherapy, radiological irradiation are used.

There are a number of ways to diagnose the causes of the feeling of a full bladder, which can significantly improve the well-being of a sick person:

• when urinating, it is necessary to relax, not to squeeze the muscles of the bladder and abdomen;
• be sure to retire and find the most comfortable place;
• you must not rush, since it is difficult to empty the bladder;
• palm pressure on the suprapubic region makes it much easier to empty;
• to stimulate deurination, you can use the sound of water that is pouring;
• in the process of emptying the overflowing bubble, the process cannot be interrupted (some use this technique as a training), as this generates even greater disturbance.

If all of the above techniques are ineffective, then the doctor will place a urinary catheter.

In case of acute urinary retention, emergency catheterization is performed. The external opening of the urethra is disinfected, lubricated with petroleum jelly and then a catheter is inserted, then its terminal part is inflated. With this, it is fixed. The exception is situations in which prostatitis or calculi are the cause of the disease. In this case, the catheter is prohibited from use, as it can aggravate the process.

Conclusion

Feeling a full bladder is a big problem that needs attention. The success of the cure directly depends on the correct diagnosis. Untimely and incorrectly selected therapy can lead to serious complications, which will be very difficult to cope with. That is why a doctor should deal with the treatment of such "ailments". Be healthy.

Often with diseases of the genitourinary system, people feel discomfort and complain of incomplete emptying of the bladder. The doctor, in this case, will have to difficult task diagnose the exact disease among several diseases with similar symptoms.

• cystitis;
• calculi in the bladder;
• prostate adenoma and phimosis in men;
• benign tumors and cancer of this organ;
• inflammation in other organs of the small pelvis (reflex excitation of the bladder occurs);
• small bladder;
• overactive bladder;
• violations of the normal innervation of the pelvic organs as a result of trauma, tumor diseases;
• kidney infections;
• pathology of the nervous system (spinal cord and brain injuries, neoplasms in this area, myelitis);
• poisoning with drugs (with prolonged use of drugs, sleeping pills);
• in women, such an ailment can be when carrying a child, and even after childbirth;
• viral infections (herpes);
• strictures of the urethra;
• age-related loss; decreased strength of the muscles of the bladder.

Incomplete emptying of the bladder in women most often occurs against the background of inflammation of the genitourinary system.

Stricture formations in the canal for deurination

Women and men are equally likely to suffer from urinary problems. Representatives of the stronger sex are more susceptible to some diseases, women - to others, nevertheless, incomplete emptying of the bladder can occur in everyone.

The pathogenesis of the onset of a symptom

The mechanism of development of "ailments", in which there is a constant sensation of a full bladder, in many cases can be directly related to the presence of residual urine in the bladder. As a rule, this situation occurs when the normal flow of urine is interfered with (fusion of the urethra or calculi).

Also, one of the pathogenetic factors is urinary atony or hypotension, while the walls of the reservoir cannot contract normally. This situation occurs when there are interruptions in the innervation mechanism.

Sometimes the inability to completely empty the urinary reservoir is due to psychological reasons.

Excessive stretching of the bladder is triggered by various infections. If the fluid is not completely removed, then the muscle frame is stretched, there is soreness, a feeling of bursting over the pubic region. In the future, the emptying bladder is unable to contract normally.

Sometimes the causative factor can be the hyperactivity of the urine reservoir, this condition is directly opposite to atony. Then the muscles are constantly in good shape. Because of this, there is a very frequent desire to urinate, and when the bladder is not completely full, the person does not leave the feeling of an incomplete act.

During pregnancy, the disruption of the normal functioning of the bladder is due to the fact that the growing fetus presses on nearby structures, and the bladder is activated, it does not have time to adapt to more intense work.

Therapeutic measures in pregnant women are carried out purely in stationary conditions.

An age-related decrease in the tone of the muscle layer of the bladder also becomes a frequent cause of the disease, usually people over 60 years old suffer from this type of disorder.

In some diseases, the feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder is caused by the presence of residual urine in the organ cavity.

This is especially true in cases where there is an obstruction to the outflow of urine (prostatitis, stones or urethral strictures).

Another cause of urinary retention can be bladder hypo- or atony. During urination, the bladder cannot contract enough to empty completely.

The most common cause of this condition is innervation disorders. pelvic organs as a result of diseases of the spinal cord:

• radiculitis,
• spinal hernia,
• multiple sclerosis,
• spinal cord injury.

The innervation of the bladder is also impaired in severe diabetes mellitus.

In other cases, the symptom is associated with excessive impulses that the brain receives. However, there is no real urinary retention.

Excessive irritation of the bladder wall is observed during inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs:

• salpingo-oophoritis in women,
• pelvioperitonitis,
• appendicitis,
• enterocolitis,
• sometimes pyelonephritis, although the kidneys are not pelvic organs.

When the bladder does not empty completely, in most cases this leads to overstretching of the walls of the organ, the addition of pain and a feeling of distention in the suprapubic region. In addition, an enlarged bladder can be detected by palpation. The urine that remains in the bladder is a good breeding ground for bacteria. Therefore, cystitis and urethritis often develop, as well as ascending pyelonephritis.

Important: If you often have a feeling of insufficient bladder emptying, be sure to see your doctor. This symptom can be a manifestation of many serious and dangerous diseases.

Urine does not completely exit the bladder: causes, treatment

Cause	Features of the
Benign prostatic hyperplasia	It is sometimes called prostate adenoma. Hyperplasia is a nodular proliferation of gland cells under the influence of various external and internal factors. Most often occurs in men after 40 years. Growing up, the tissues of the gland block the urinary canals. But this usually occurs in the advanced stages of the adenoma. Additionally, other symptoms are noted - urine is released literally drop by drop by the end of the urination process, even for this you need to make efforts and strain the abdominal muscles. The urge to empty the bladder occurs abruptly and suddenly, often a person simply cannot restrain them. Prostate adenoma is a disease that needs immediate medical attention
Prostatitis	A pathology that interferes with the normal flow of urine and causes a feeling of a full bladder. Just as with adenoma, the reason lies in the proliferation of prostate tissues, but in this case, neoplasms are not formed. With prostatitis, there is an increase in temperature, signs of general intoxication - headaches, weakness, drowsiness, etc. There is a pain syndrome in the groin area. The intensity of pain can be different, sometimes very severe, and almost always increases during urination. The jet becomes weak. The feeling of a full bladder is due to the fact that it does not actually empty completely
Urolithiasis disease	Calculus can block the urinary tract. In such cases, there is an acute retention of urine, but sometimes there is a feeling of an overflowing bladder
Urethral strictures	They can be both the result of congenital pathology and the result of trauma, bruises, diseases of the genitourinary system

If there is a false sense of overcrowding, the situation is most often associated with inflammation of the bladder and irritation of its walls. In men, cystitis is less common than in women, but the disease should not be ruled out. Exactly the same symptom is characteristic of urethritis. Sometimes the false sensation is caused by psychogenic factors.

You can talk about pathology if after going to the toilet there is a feeling that the process has not been completed completely. After a couple of minutes, the person goes to the toilet again, but the feeling of completeness of the act of urination still does not come.

This seriously interferes with work, doing ordinary things, a person is literally tied to going to the toilet.

The bladder does not empty completely for a variety of reasons. The most common are diseases internal organs... They can be acute or chronic.

1. Adenoma of the prostate gland, as well as other benign or malignant tumors.
2. Prostatitis.
3. Urolithiasis disease. Especially when, due to certain violations, an exacerbation occurred, and the stone blocked the urethra.
4. Acute or chronic cystitis.
5. Availability inflammatory process in the pelvic organs.
6. Side effects from the use of drugs.
7. Defeat lumbar and violation of innervation nerve fiber... It can be both osteochondrosis and spinal injury.

Additionally, this symptom may appear when consuming a large amount alcoholic beverages, disruption of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as severe hypothermia. Frequent stress leads to a weakening of the immune system.

In the urologist's office, it is not uncommon for patients to complain that urine does not completely exit the bladder. Moreover, both women and men can suffer from such a nuisance. Doctors call this phenomenon residual urine - the liquid that remains in the organ, despite the person's efforts to completely empty. At the same time, 50 ml is already considered a significant volume, although in especially severe cases the "unnecessary weight" reaches the limit of several liters.

Symptoms

Unsurprisingly, the main complaint people have with this disorder is incomplete emptying of the bladder. There may be several reasons for concern: a weak "signal" to go to the toilet, a process that stretches into several stages, as well as muscle tension and the exertion of effort in order for the desired act to take place.

Chronic urinary retention provokes kidney dysfunction, which is easily detected by isotope renography. As a result, pyelonephritis, diverticula, urolithiasis, cystitis or any other disease develop. If a person has chills, high fever and severe lower back pain, then doctors may suspect urosepsis. In the body, it can proceed in a malignant form, as evidenced by toxic changes in the blood - high leukocytosis, for example.

Most common reasons

Based on the above facts, an absolutely logical conclusion can be made: urine does not completely leave the bladder when the body "eats" a disease - chronic or acute. There are many factors leading to the problem:

• Mechanical causes are diseases of the genitourinary system and kidney infections. For example, trauma to these organs, the presence of tumor formations on them, as well as prostate cancer, adenoma, phimosis, the presence of stones.
• Diseases of the nervous system: spinal cord or brain injuries, tumors, myelitis, and so on.
• Intoxication with medicines. It is diagnosed when a patient takes narcotic drugs or sleeping pills for a long time.

The most common cause of urinary retention in men is adenoma. The problem arises when blood flows strongly to this organ. The acute form is caused by severe hypothermia, alcohol abuse, a sedentary lifestyle and disorders of the digestive tract.

Some more factors ...

But these are not all the reasons people complain about when they notice residual urine and pain when emptying the bladder. It happens that the problem arises against the background of a fracture of the pelvic bones and an injury to the urethra - in most cases in the stronger sex. Less often, such discomfort is a consequence of a disorder of the nervous regulation of the muscular membrane of the bladder or inadequate work of the sphincters of this organ. Hemorrhages in the spinal cord, compression of the vertebrae, etc. can lead to it.

Acute urinary retention is often reflex. That is, it is observed in a person in the first few days after he underwent surgery on the pelvic organs or suffered from the influence of severe stress. Sometimes the disease is diagnosed in absolutely healthy people who regularly drink alcohol.

Varieties of urinary retention

This disorder can be of two types. When urine does not completely exit the bladder, doctors diagnose complete or incomplete retention. The first involves the patient's desire to go to the toilet, in which the body cannot excrete even a drop of liquid. For such people, urine is released from the organ for years by artificial means - through a catheter.

With a partial release of the liquid, they say that the act began, but for some reason, it was never completed until the end. Usually, the trouble occurs against the background of the above-described diseases. Once the problem is fixed, the process will recover. If the necessary measures are not taken in time, the delay can become chronic.

Frequent emptying of the bladder without completely emptying it leads to stretching of the walls of the organ. This, in turn, provokes the appearance of another trouble - the inability to keep fluid in the middle of the body. At first, a person loses a few drops, after some time he is not able to fully control the process - urination occurs anywhere under different conditions. This phenomenon is called paradoxical ishuria.

Other forms

A disorder called residual urine is sometimes associated with unusual factors. For example, there is a peculiar form of delay, which is characterized by a sudden interruption of the process with the ability to continue. The patient begins to empty normally, but the act suddenly stops. Often the cause is a stone in the ureter.

Delayed emptying may be accompanied by hematuria - the presence of blood in the fluid. Sometimes it can be seen with the naked eye: the urine becomes pinkish or brownish. If the presence of blood is too small to notice it, the liquid is taken for analysis, where it is analyzed under a microscope and conclusions are drawn.

How can you help a patient?

If urine does not completely pass out of the bladder, the person needs urgent medical advice. An acute form of organ dysfunction requires emergency assistance. Typically, these people have a catheter inserted for normal emptying. For this purpose, the outer opening of the canal is treated and disinfected, after which a rubber tube, generously moistened with petroleum jelly or glycerin, is carefully inserted into it. Tweezers regulate the movement of the catheter by securing it in the urethra. The procedure is carried out progressively - 2 centimeters each, without haste and sudden movements.

If the cause of the problem in the patient is urolithiasis or prostatitis, then the manipulation is not carried out. In these cases, the presence of a rubber tube in the organ can lead to serious complications. The catheter can be delivered permanently. In this case, the urologist performs the procedure, prescribing antibiotics after it in order to avoid the development of inflammatory processes.

Treatment

Types of pathology

There are two types of this disease. If urine does not pass completely out of the bladder, doctors diagnose complete or partial urinary retention. For example, when, due to certain reasons, urine is not excreted at all from the bladder.

You can eliminate this cause with a catheter. It is necessary to undergo a course of treatment to solve this problem once and for all.

There are examples when, with frequent urge, urine does not completely pass out of the bladder, and it is still not completely empty. In this case, the muscle tissue is stretched. Gradually, the process becomes uncontrollable, and urination may occur unexpectedly.

The pathological process can be of two types:

• complete retention of urine (with this type of sick person is unable to allocate even a milliliter of urine). The urge is there, but it is impossible to release the bubble. Such patients are forced to resort to emptying by means of a catheter;
• incomplete retention (emptying of the bladder is carried out, but due to some factors, the act does not end), little urine is excreted;
• residual urine (a disease in which the initially normal act of urination is interrupted with the inability to continue it).

With successful treatment, it is possible to prevent the chronicity of the disease.

Development mechanism

In most cases, the development of the disease with characteristic symptoms of incomplete emptying is associated with residual urine in the organ. As a rule, this occurs when calculi in the urethral canal or urethral fusion, which prevents the normal movement of urine from the body to the outside.

Also, pathogenetic factors include hypotension or atony of the bladder, in which its walls cannot contract properly. One way or another, this is due to disruptions in the innervation of the organs. There are cases when the impossibility of complete emptying and getting rid of urine is caused by human psychological problems.

Infections of various etiologies introduced into the body can cause excessive stretching of the walls of the organ, and the frame is also prone to enlargement in case of fluid retention inside. In this case, the patient feels distension in the pubic area and acute pain. The bladder with such problems cannot contract normally.

The reasons include organ hyperactivity, as a condition opposite to atony. At the same time, the muscles of the bladder are in constant tone, which makes the person want to urinate frequently. Since there is little liquid in the reservoir, it comes out in an insufficient amount and is accompanied by feelings of incomplete emptying.

In pregnant women, the functioning of the organ is impaired due to the growth of the fetus, which puts pressure on all neighboring organs and systems. Also, in the body of the expectant mother, the genitourinary system does not have time to adapt to new conditions, due to which the bladder is constantly activated. Older people have problems with bladder tone over the age of 60.

Incomplete emptying of the bladder in men and women

Incomplete emptying of the bladder in men is most common with adenoma or inflammation of the prostate. In addition, these urges occur during the formation of stones in genitourinary system, urethral stricture, urethritis. Violations are sometimes the result of innervation or cystitis in a chronic form - however, such deviations are rare.

Infections urinary tract more common in women. This is influenced by the anatomy of the female body itself, facilitating the rapid access of bacteria to the bladder. The close location of the urethra, vaginal and anal openings also has consequences, as well as sex ...

During intercourse, the likelihood of bacteria living in the genital area entering the woman's bladder increases significantly, since it is relatively easy to get to it. Cystitis is called "honey disease" in women associated with excessive sexual activity.

Sometimes - a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder in women occurs in stressful situations... In other cases, incomplete emptying of the bladder in women is affected by damage to the nerve endings that are in the bladder or by diseases of the central nervous system.

In addition, the cause may be individual inclinations, such as loss of muscle function of the bladder, its lethargy, caused by injury or fractures of the pelvis when falling from a height. Inflammation of the urinary tract can also result in incomplete emptying of the bladder.

Also, the reason for the feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder can be:

• urethritis;
• violation of the innervation of the pelvic organs;
• the presence of stones in the bladder;
• the presence of neoplasms, both malignant and benign;
• chronic or recurrent urinary tract infections;
• renal parenchyma;
• perirenal abscess.

Incomplete devastation during pregnancy

During the carrying of a child, the female body reacts especially strongly to various irritating circumstances. The body is preparing for the birth of a baby - this is accompanied by a change in hormonal levels. Thanks to hormones, the muscles of the pelvic organs relax and, as a result, the process of fluid movement slows down. Because of this, pregnant women are often prone to problems with incomplete emptying.

Such changes are not immediately noticeable - the amount of urine decreases gradually. However, this is an unconditional threat to the health of the expectant mother. An example is infection. This is because with regular emptying of the ureters, the fluid does not have time to fill with urine (bacteria that must be removed from the pelvic organs).

How to prevent?

In order to timely prevent developing ailments, it is necessary to monitor the state of the emptied fluid. Therefore, pregnant women often have to take general analyzes urine. An excess of leukocytes and microorganisms testifies to a possible disease. It is possible to eliminate such a problem with the help of antibiotics, but this has a bad effect on the health of the unborn child.

In the last trimester of pregnancy, urinary stagnation is most severe. This is influenced by the size of the fetus - the uterus, increasing in volume, compresses the ducts. Therefore, the bladder is not completely emptied, respectively, a favorable environment is created for the development of pathogenic bacteria. This provokes the appearance of pain at the base of the spine, the urge to nausea and a lethargic state.

Bladder diverticula are rarely diagnosed in pregnant women, but the likelihood of their development cannot be completely ruled out. According to statistics, diverticulosis is more common in men, in addition, its occurrence is not a spontaneous process, but most often contains hitherto pathological processes at its core.

The statement of this diagnosis in general is an indication for surgical intervention to avoid complications. However, surgical interventions during pregnancy are unfavorable, and therefore the doctor makes a decision about such in consultation with colleagues from related fields of science and after assessing the expected benefits and risks. Probably, a pregnant patient will be shown observation in dynamics.

Additional symptoms

Whatever pathology of the urinary organs provoked this phenomenon, it is usually accompanied by a number common symptoms... If we are talking about the true overcrowding of the bladder, then the pain syndrome is characteristic, which is felt in the area of \u200b\u200bthe pubis, genitals, gives to the lower back or even the anus.

The process of urination is disrupted. The jet is significantly reduced, the urine pressure drops. Urination for almost any of these diseases is accompanied by pain or discomfort. With an advanced stage of pathology, urinary incontinence is observed.

In order to determine a specific disease, you need to undergo a full diagnosis. For this, an ultrasound scan is prescribed. It is done immediately after urination to determine if the bladder is full. Earlier, instead of this, catheterization was done immediately, today it is carried out only according to indications.

Informative techniques are:

• contrast radiography of the bladder;
• cystoscopy to determine the presence of stones;
• uroflowmetry to assess the intensity of urination.

Unfortunately, the main problem is complemented by other unpleasant sensations. With some inflammatory diseases, the patient's temperature may rise to a feverish state.

The following symptoms are accompanied by pathology:

• The pain arises constantly, it increases with palpation of the abdomen, lifting weights, physical efforts;
• Acute pain in the lumbar region is characteristic of urolithiasis;
• Feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen;
• Discoloration of urine;
• Blood in urine.

These manifestations are dangerous in that a person does not immediately react to them. This situation can be fraught with urine stagnation. Due to the stagnation of the patient, there is a constant oppressive sensation, a feeling of overflow of the bladder.

And in stagnant urine, bacteria and other pathogens begin to develop. They can affect the bladder and even the urethra.

And if the inflammatory process is not stopped, the infection will reach the kidneys and cause pyelonephritis.

Therefore, it is very important to quickly seek medical help at the first symptoms of the disease.

The main symptoms of an overflowing bladder are frequent deurination, which occurs immediately after the end of the act of urination. The process itself is very painful, accompanied by discomfort and burning, as well as heaviness in the area above the pubis.

This is due to the stretching of the walls of the organs by a significant volume of fluid inside it. The psychological component is equally important, since the patient is worried that he cannot leave the toilet and go about his usual activities. Fatigue, aggression and irritability build up and only make the situation worse.

Men have special signs of pathology, which include potency, periodic involuntary leakage of urine, its intermittent stream during urination. If there is a general weight loss of the patient and a lack of appetite, this indicates malignant formations in the prostate gland.

Cramping pains occur with urolithiasis, especially if one of the stones or its fragments moves along the urinary tract. A sediment appears in the urine, blood discharge, hematuria are possible.

Soreness in the lower back, altered urine composition, elevated temperature bodies are symptoms of developing pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis. With a frequent desire to empty the bladder, accompanied by burning and pain during urination, there is a suspicion of the development of urethritis and cystitis.

Often, incomplete emptying of the bladder is accompanied by a mass of symptoms:

• Pain syndrome... It is localized in the area of \u200b\u200bthe pubis, penis, lower back, anus. There is a moderate intensity of pain, by the nature they are aching, pulling. Strengthened when visiting the toilet room, having intercourse.
• Feeling of fullness in the bladder... Especially when it comes to true incomplete emptying.
• Violation of the process of urination... The jet becomes sluggish as the urine flow drops. The process is accompanied by severe pain or is completely interrupted at the very peak of the process.
• Erectile dysfunction... Erection also suffers. The penis becomes not firm enough for normal intercourse. Nighttime erection also disappears. The reason is purely physiological.
• In the later stages of the development of the true form of the disease, symptoms of urinary incontinence occur.
• Urgent urge to urinatethat do not end with success: urine does not come out at all or is excreted in small drops.

The symptom complex does not allow you to accurately determine the nature of the disease process and identify the cause. More research is needed.

Symptoms of a full bladder are frequent urge to urinate, which may occur immediately after the end of deurination. Feeling of full bladder after urinating. The process itself is accompanied by soreness, burning sensation, discomfort, heaviness over the pubic region. This is due to the stretching of the bladder wall with large amounts of fluid.

There are also specific signs of the disease that leads to such a pathology. With prostatitis in men, there is an intermittent stream of urine, impotence, urine leakage. If there is a malignant neoplasm of the prostate gland, then the patient loses weight, he has no appetite.

With urolithiasis, cramping pains are present, especially if the calculus moves along the urinary tract. There is a sediment in the urine, there is hematuria.

Glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis are characterized by pain in the lower back, fever, and a change in the composition of urine. With glomerulonephritis, blood impurities are observed in the urine.

Cystitis and urethritis differ in that the patient has a frequent desire to urinate, during the emptying of the bladder there is pain, burning. Hyperthermia is characteristic.

• Disorders in the spine can cause urinary problems.

After visiting the toilet, there is a feeling that it was not possible to empty the urine completely.

Basically, these signs are not a disease as such. Rather, it is a syndrome of the development of other types of disorders, in particular, problems with the genitourinary organs. There is a whole set of such diseases: urethritis, cystitis, urolithiasis, benign and malignant neoplasms, the formation of stones in the ureters, neurogenicity and hyperactivity of the empty bladder, etc.

In addition, this symptom refers to possible disorders in the spine (trauma, mechanical disorders, sciatica, etc.). Thus, it is necessary to pay attention to the additionally present signs. With the help of a specialist, you can make the correct diagnosis and take timely measures to eliminate deviations.

Diagnostic features

A doctor cannot prescribe treatment for only one patient complaint. The feeling of overcrowding in the bladder accompanies several diseases at once, therefore a complete diagnosis is required.

Not only are taken into account actual symptoms, but also those diseases that a person previously suffered from. The age, gender of the patient is taken into account, chronic diseases etc.

The doctor may prescribe:

1. Several detailed analyzes (urine and blood);
2. Ultrasound of the pelvic organs;
3. Consultation with a nephrologist, gynecologist, neurologist, etc.

The sooner you go through all the diagnostic procedures, the sooner you can start treatment.

The first thing that begins with the treatment of such a disease as incomplete emptying of the bladder that occurs in men is diagnosis.

The doctor interviews the patient and finds out what reasons could lead to the occurrence of this disorder.

After the doctor during palpation of the anterior abdominal wall trying to determine the size of the patient's bladder.

If the patient does not leave the feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder, it is very important to correctly diagnose the disease that caused it and initiate appropriate treatment. For this, the doctor initially interviews the patient and examines him.

Thanks to palpation of the anterior abdominal wall, the specialist can determine the increase in the bladder. This is observed if a large amount of residual urine remains in it. You can also suspect this reason for the persistence of discomfort even after urinating by the appearance of pain and a feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen.

Attention! Stagnation of urine is fraught with the multiplication of pathogenic bacteria in it and their penetration through the ureters into the kidneys. Therefore, diseases of the lower urinary tract are often complicated by ascending pyelonephritis.

Clinical assessment

An important step in diagnosing the cause of the feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder is to assess the symptoms from which the patient still suffers. So, for inflammatory diseases urinary system, in particular, urethritis, pyelonephritis, cystitis is characterized by:

• pain in the suprapubic region;
• burning and cutting when urinating;
• temperature increase;
• back pain, and more often they are observed only on one side of the body;
• change in transparency, color and odor of urine, etc.

If such pathologies are more common in the fairer sex, then prostate diseases, which are also accompanied by urinary stagnation, are a scourge exclusively for men. They manifest themselves:

• pain in the lower abdomen;
• weakness of pressure or even interruption of the stream of urine when urinating;
• problems with potency;
• weight loss, which is more typical for education malignant tumors in the tissues of the gland;
• a slight increase in temperature;
• the presence of blood in the urine, etc.

Urolithiasis also often causes discomfort after and during urination. But since it is almost impossible to confuse attacks of renal colic with anything, usually there are no problems with diagnosing the reason for the persistence of the desire to urinate.

The greatest difficulties await doctors in the presence of an overactive bladder, since to a greater extent this diagnosis is made by excluding other pathologies. This ailment is characterized by frequent (more than 8 times a day) urination, and the urge usually occurs quite suddenly and immediately has such strength that patients do not always manage to get to the toilet on time.

Attention! The presence of episodes of urinary incontinence is an important diagnostic sign, so do not hesitate to talk about them.

Laboratory and instrumental methods

To confirm or deny their assumptions, the doctor prescribes:

• bacteriological examination of urine;
• Ultrasound of the kidneys and pelvic organs;
• radiography, including contrast urography;
• cystoscopy.

Important: in especially difficult cases, the patient is recommended to undergo an MRI or CT scan in order to finally establish the reason for the persistence of the urge after urination.

Thus, a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder can accompany enough serious illness... Therefore, if it occurs, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible.

But perhaps it is more correct to treat not the effect, but the cause?

To determine the true cause of the patient's complaints, the doctor evaluates the accompanying symptoms.

Inflammatory diseases of the urinary system

Urethritis, cystitis and pyelonephritis are more common in women. These diseases differ from others by pain in the suprapubic region, cutting, burning, painful urination. The body temperature often rises, there is headache... With pyelonephritis, pain in the abdomen and lumbar region, often one-sided, may appear. With these diseases, urine becomes cloudy or becomes whitish.

Prostate pathology

In men, with prostatitis or prostate adenoma, the gland increases in size, squeezing the urethra. This leads to a violation of the outflow of urine and its retention. The patient may complain of pain in the lower abdomen, a weak and intermittent stream of urine during urination, urine dripping. Often these symptoms are accompanied by impotence.

Diseases of the female genital area

Women may feel insufficient bladder emptying with adnexitis. With this disease, the body temperature can rise, pulling pains appear in the left or right groin area, less often on both sides. Sometimes there are pathological discharge from the genital tract.

When contacting a doctor, tell in detail about all the symptoms, as well as about the past illnesses and injuries

Urolithiasis disease

If there is a history of bladder calculi, there is often renal colic or just severe back pain.

Neurogenic or overactive bladder

With these pathologies, patients are worried about pain in the lower abdomen and an increased urge to urinate. Moreover, the urge is very strong and even unbearable. These diseases, in contrast to acute inflammatory ones, develop gradually and last longer.

Innervation disorders

Bladder hypotension is usually caused by injuries or diseases of the spinal cord. The difference between this condition is that along with the violation of urination, intestinal dysfunction (constipation) is observed. In addition, urinary and fecal incontinence is common.

Research necessary to clarify the diagnosis

If the patient is worried about the feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder, the urologist prescribes the following studies:

• general clinical blood test;
• general clinical urine analysis;
• sowing urine on nutrient media to determine microflora;
• Ultrasound of organs located in the small pelvis (bladder, prostate in men, uterus and ovaries in women), and kidneys;
• contrast urography;
• cystoscopy.

In unclear cases, CT, MRI, radioisotope examination of the urinary organs, etc. are used. clinical symptoms and the results of the examination, the doctor makes a diagnosis and prescribes the appropriate treatment.

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What is incomplete bladder emptying and how is it treated?

Treatment of an overfilled bladder involves addressing the underlying cause. But urgent action must be taken to empty the bladder. For this, catheterization is performed.

With cystitis, antispasmodics (No-shpa, Drotaverin) are more often used to relieve pain.

For prostatitis, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Ibuprofen, are used for the same purposes. Men also have neurogenic pain in the organs of the genitourinary system. For this, various drugs are used, including neuromodulators, antidepressants, etc.

In the treatment of prostatitis, alpha-blockers are prescribed - Terazosin, Tamsulosin, Alfuzosin. They relieve pain, reduce spasm, and promote urine flow. At the same time, antibiotics are used to kill the bacterial infection. Mainly drugs from the group of tetracyclines, Levofloxacin.

Since urinary retention in this case occurs due to a strong proliferation of tissues, then with running process its partial excision is assigned. With adenoma, it is possible complete removal.

When treating any of the listed diseases, you should not take alcohol. Often prescribed remedial gymnasticsbut heavy physical exercise are limited. It is necessary to reduce the load on the muscles of the perineum, especially with adenoma or prostatitis. Acceptable types activities are walking, swimming in the pool.

The disease can be expressed in two forms, complete and partial. If we talk about the full form of pathology, then with it a person is not able to empty the bladder - the urge itself is present, but the liquid does not come out. And in the lower abdomen, sharp, sharp pains appear.

With a partial form of the disease, urine is drained slightly. It seems that the liquid comes out, but pretty soon the person wants to go to the toilet again.

Treatment can be started only by establishing the cause of the pathology. After the results laboratory research it will be possible to prescribe therapy.

What can be the treatment:

• If the reason is bacterial infection, then a course of antibiotics will be prescribed, which is drunk strictly according to the scheme;
• If stones are found in the urinary tract, medications will be prescribed, the action of the drugs is aimed precisely at removing these stones;
• With the psychological factor of the disease, sedatives will be prescribed to a person, they will calm the patient;
• With gynecological underlying causes, treatment will be aimed at resolving the gynecological disease;
• In case of disorders of the nervous system, treatment will be prescribed by a neurologist.

Especially severe cases that do not lend themselves to conservative medicine require surgical intervention. This usually happens when too large stones are found in the organs of the genitourinary system. Also, the need for surgery can cause tumors and neoplasms.

The patient himself can help himself to alleviate the condition, relieve some of the unpleasant symptoms. During the act of urination, there should be no tension, you need to relax as much as possible.

If you gently press your palm on the bladder area at the very moment of urination, this will stimulate its contraction. While you are in the toilet, you can turn on the water - the sound of pouring water helps urinate.

Symptoms shouldn't be treated folk remedies, this is not a disease yet, but only its symptoms. Be sure to find out what caused the urination disorder, go through all the examinations and start treatment according to the scheme prescribed by the doctor.

Prescribing a treatment regimen with drugs is made after the diagnosis is made. If it is necessary to remove the infection that caused the overflow of the bladder, then antiviral and antibacterial drug therapy is required.

If the matter is in urolithiasis, then drugs are used to dissolve stones and small stones. If they are very large, they need to be crushed. instrumental methods, and then remove with diuretics.

With urethral stricture, the only way to eliminate unpleasant symptoms is surgical intervention... In case of psychological factors that caused the disease, the patient is recommended to undergo psychotherapy and a course of sedatives. With formations, both benign and malignant, it is necessary to excision the tumor, possibly radiation and chemotherapy.

№	Helpful information
1	when urinating, the patient is recommended to relax, it is important not to squeeze the muscles of the abdomen and bladder
2	deurination requires solitude and a calm, comfortable place
3	when emptying the bladder, do not rush
4	light palm pressure on the area above the pubic bone may slightly reduce soreness and facilitate successful emptying
5	also psychologically promotes urination by the sound of pouring water
6	when urinating, you should not interrupt the stream, as many do to train muscle function, as this will only aggravate the situation

If these methods do not help, the doctor will place a catheter that can drain excess fluid and accumulated urine from the body. If urinary retention has turned into an acute phase, catheterization is done urgently. To do this, the urethra is disinfected, lubricated with glycerin or petroleum jelly in the outer opening and a catheter is inserted. Its terminal part is inflated, due to which it is attached.

No related videos

This treatment for incomplete emptying of the bladder in men can only be prescribed by a doctor. It is strictly forbidden to take medications on your own. Each organism is individual and if this medicine helps one, then it can be dangerous for another.

Much depends on the cause of the disorder in the genitourinary system. Medicines are needed to reduce and eliminate the symptoms of adenoma. If they do not help, then there is a need for surgical intervention.

If the bladder is not completely emptied due to the inflammatory process, that is, with prostatitis, it is necessary to take antibiotic treatment. For example, it can be Amoxtcillin or Fluoroquinolone. To eliminate painful sensations, pain relievers should be taken.

Treatment

Remember that incomplete emptying can be lifelong troublesome. In this case, they speak of a relapse. Moreover, it occurs in those cases when the patient picks up a urinary tract infection. Therefore, it is so important to take care of your health and sound the alarm at the slightest manifestation of discomfort. Self-medication is extremely dangerous and often leads to serious consequences and serious complications.

Treatment of this pathology begins with the elimination of the root cause of the disease. If the factor causing the feeling of a full bladder is an infection, then antibacterial or antiviral therapy is imperative. In the presence of urolithiasis, the doctor prescribes drugs that are able to dissolve small stones. If the size of the stones is large, then stone crushing is used.

In the case of urethral stricture, the only way to solve the problem is to use a surgical procedure.

If the illness is explained by a psychological factor, then the patient is prescribed sedatives, psychotherapy is recommended.

In the case of formations of a benign and malignant nature, excision of the tumor is performed, when confirming malignancy, chemotherapy, radiological irradiation are used.

There are a number of ways to diagnose the causes of the feeling of a full bladder, which can significantly improve the well-being of a sick person:

• when urinating, it is necessary to relax, not to squeeze the muscles of the bladder and abdomen;
• be sure to retire and find the most comfortable place;
• you must not rush, since it is difficult to empty the bladder;
• palm pressure on the suprapubic region makes it much easier to empty;
• to stimulate deurination, you can use the sound of water that is pouring;
• in the process of emptying the overflowing bubble, the process cannot be interrupted (some use this technique as a training), as this generates even greater disturbance.

If all of the above techniques are ineffective, then the doctor will place a urinary catheter.

In case of acute urinary retention, emergency catheterization is performed. The external opening of the urethra is disinfected, lubricated with petroleum jelly and then a catheter is inserted, then its terminal part is inflated. With this, it is fixed. The exception is situations in which prostatitis or calculi are the cause of the disease. In this case, the catheter is prohibited from use, as it can aggravate the process.

In the presence of problems with the outflow of urine, incomplete excretion of urine is usually divided into two types - partial and complete. In the first case, there is a small outflow of liquid, it is not completely removed. The urge occurs every few minutes - there is no way to leave the toilet. In the second case, urine is not excreted at all, although there is a constant urge. This is accompanied by severe cutting pains in the lower abdomen.

To cope with these violations, as well as restore functions, it is important to know the cause of the deviations. Self-medication in such cases does not help, so you need to go to see a doctor. In the hospital, diagnostics will be carried out and the provocateur of the malaise will be identified. After that, an experienced urologist will prescribe an individual therapy to solve the problem.

Depending on what caused the urinary failure, antibiotics, drugs that neutralize infections or remove stones are prescribed medicines... It all depends on the root cause of the deviations. Sometimes hormonal, sedative medications are used if disruptions are caused by psychological disorders or a change in hormonal levels. The methods of struggle are different. The main attention should be paid to why such deviations developed.

Traditional methods of rehabilitation therapy

To eliminate such a symptom as a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder in men, you can use folk methods treatment. Much depends on the cause and stage of the disease. The more run-down the stage, the longer it takes to fully recover.

With adenoma, it is recommended to take celandine treatment. This is a poisonous treatment that can even cope with benign lumps. To do this, combine 1 tablespoon of dry crushed plant, and pour one glass of hot boiled water. Then leave to infuse in a dark room for several hours. You need to take the medicine before eating food.

Garlic has a positive effect on the body. It contains such a trace element as Germanium, which is the prevention of oncology formation.

You need to take a glass of garlic and grind it with a blender. Add the juice of 12 lemons and leave in a dark place for a month. This medication must be taken at bedtime. You need to stir 1 teaspoon per 100 grams of water. The course of treatment consists of 21 days, then you should take a break and you can repeat the course of treatment again.

If the cause of the bladder problem is the presence of an infection, such as cystitis, then the following recipe should be used. To do this, you need to take plantain leaves, cinquefoil and field horsetail. You need to take 3 tablespoons of each ingredient, only 4 leaves are needed. Stir everything thoroughly.

For treatment, you will need 3 tablespoons of the mixture, pour a glass of hot boiled water. Should take 200 grams in the morning after waking up and in the evening before bedtime. This should be done until the symptoms are completely eliminated.

There are several types of herbal preparations that help with this disorder. For example, you can take equal proportions of corn stigmas, birch and bearberry leaves, licorice root and wheatgrass rhizomes. For the medicine, you need to take 2.5 tablespoons of this product and pour 0.5 liters of water. Boil for 10 minutes.

You need to take during the day in small sips. The daily dosage is one glass. The course of treatment is two weeks.

It is necessary to treat the underlying disease that caused incomplete emptying of the bladder. To stop the condition, organ catheterization is required so that the bladder is mechanically released.

Treatment of the underlying cause is more often operative and involves partial excision of the prostate gland or its complete removal (with hyperplasia), taking anti-inflammatory drugs, antispasmodics, alpha-blockers (normalizing the urination process), antibacterial agents with a proven course of prostatitis.

When it comes to strictures and obstruction of the urinary tract - you can not do without surgery.

The tactics of therapy are determined only by the doctor, based on the primary factor in the development of the condition. You can often limit yourself to drug therapy.

Drug treatment

How can you ease the feeling of incomplete emptying yourself?

In order to reduce unpleasant feelings during the course of treatment, you can use some techniques yourself:

1. During the emptying period, it is necessary to relax the muscles of the pelvis and abdomen as much as possible. When the body is in good shape, stagnant fluid is more difficult to remove from the genitourinary system.
2. You can help yourself by stimulating bladder contractions. To do this, you need to put your hand on the stomach in the area below the navel. This will help to increase the volume of fluid coming out.
3. To make emptying more complete, you can listen to the sounds of flowing water (for example, turn on a tap with water).

First aid

In the presence of such a problem, urine cannot completely exit the bladder, an urgent need to consult a specialist. In the event of an acute condition of the disease, you need to urgently help the patient. To do this, a catheter is inserted into the bladder.

First, the place where the catheter will be placed is treated, treated and disinfected. The tube is moistened with glycerin or petroleum jelly and carefully inserted. This procedure must be performed very slowly so as not to harm the patient.

It is forbidden to carry out this procedure in the presence of prostatitis or urolithiasis. Otherwise, the disease may worsen. The urologist is put on an ongoing basis, and prescribes an appointment during the course of antibiotics. Over time, the patient can place a catheter on his own, but this should be done only after consulting a doctor, observing all the rules.

Incomplete emptying of the bladder in men, treatment is necessary, which consists in the use of a catheter and treatment with drugs.

Treatment of bladder diverticula at home

For relax general condition folk remedies are often used. Very often, herbal preparations, teas and tinctures come to the rescue. So, to eliminate the symptoms of cystitis, decoctions are suitable, including horsetail, plantain and cinquefoil. The recipes are quite simple: herbs are poured with boiling water and infused for a while, after which they are taken orally.

Plant products such as bearberry, licorice, wheatgrass onion root, and corn silk have an active diuretic effect. It is customary to brew them and consume several glasses a day. However, diuretics should not be abused and the course should not be prolonged for more than two weeks. Since this creates a risk of leaching from the body and nutrients.

For male diseases, products based on celandine, garlic and lemon, and parsley are more useful. You can also make decoctions or mixtures from them, insist and use in the morning and evening. Chestnut peel is useful in eliminating problems with urination; it is steamed in a water bath or in thermal dishes. You need to drink before eating.

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Prevention of the formation of bladder diverticula consists in the timely elimination of the causes of their formation. At the same time, the prevention of pathologies that are a complication of long-term developing diverticula is their surgical removal, which should not be abandoned if the doctor does not see any contraindications.

Complications

The most likely and severe consequence of incomplete bladder emptying is acute urinary retention. It is fraught with rupture of a hollow organ with subsequent peritonitis.

The following complications are also possible:

• Cystitis (stagnant urine is an ideal breeding ground for pathogenic flora).
• Renal failure(more details). It does not appear at once. For the development of such a formidable complication, a long course of the condition is required.

In order to avoid adverse consequences, it is necessary to treat the underlying disease in a timely manner.

Incomplete emptying of the bladder is a dangerous condition that leads to serious consequences for health and even life. As soon as the patient notices a problem with the urinary system, you should immediately consult a doctor.

If incomplete emptying has developed into a chronic form, this is fraught with the manifestation of renal dysfunction. To find it, you will have to undergo a medical examination. The disease can manifest itself in the form of pain at the base of the spinal column, fever, chills, changes in blood composition. After a diagnosis is made, there is no need to hesitate with treatment, since these deviations pose a danger to the patient's life.