How glitter diseases appear in adults and children, therapeutic actions and prevention. Human worms a message on the theme of gliste diseases

chair disorders.

Many parents belong here and characteristic teeth during sleep in children, but this is a delusion.

Helmintosis can occur in acute or chronic form. This affects the rate of appearance of the first signs of melting invasion, the severity of symptoms and the doctor prescribed by the doctor.

Acute shape of gelminosis

Forms of allergic reactions:

allergic rash during helminthium on the skin (appears in adults and children);

muscular pain;

pain in the joints;

swelling of the limbs;

local edema;

leukocytosis.

At the same time, it often accompanies the Helmintosis of the cough, which is the first harbinger of heavy pulmonary states (up to astmoid). There is a risk of rapid development of pneumonia or pleurrites.

A distinctive feature of the acute phase of helminthosis is considered dispersal disorders, which are accompanied by pains in epigastrium (moderate or pronounced), as well as stool disorders (diarrhea or constipation).

During the damage to the liver and the spleen appears jaggility skin Pokrov and scool eyes. Neurological violations Under the damage to the central nervous system, the CNS occurs with very difficult conditions: disorientation, pathological drowsiness and others.

Chronic shape of gelminynesses

Chronic bowel gelminthine is accompanied by pain and dyspeptic symptoms. In case of children's enterobiosis, the lead feature - itching in anal pass. With tricocephalosis, the revenue is possible.

Symptoms of Askaridoza:

inflammation of the pancreas;

• intestinal obstruction.

Trematodosis of the liver leads to chronic cholecystocholangitis, inflammation of the liver or pancreas, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Neurological disorders may be observed.

When breaking a bubble with a echinococcal colony inside all its contents spread through the body. Many internal organs suffer, inflammatory processes develop: pleurisy, peritonitis, etc. Heavy allergic reactions are possible, including anaphylactic shock.

Symptoms of glisted invasions in children

Signs of helminthosis in children in acute form:

Allergic reactions: itching on the skin, increase lymph nodes.

Heat.

Pain in the stomach, muscles, joints.

Cough with gelminthium in children has asthmatic components: shortness of breath, blood during expectoration.

Widespread swelling.

Disps disappointments.

Sleep disturbance. Frequent mood change, irritability and capriciousness.

If the gelminintosis in children proceeds in chronic form, they often sick, lagging behind. They have a fragile physique, because they eat badly and lose weight body. Such children are subject to respiratory diseases. Girls may have chronic cystitis or vulvit. There are inflammatory processes in oral cavity.

Diagnostics

Signs of helminthosis in adults may vary. Therefore, it is strictly prohibited independently for diagnosis and choose treatment method. It can lead not only to the formulation incorrect diagnosis, but also to deterioration of health.

Coprological study

Laboratory diagnosis of gelminths is often carried out with the help of a histological coprogram. This technique is based on a river study using powerful optical systems. At the same time, thin sections of the prepared coprological material are used.

Macroscopic fee analysis on helminthium helps to identify:

• slices;
• various chains;
• ascarides.

Microscopic examination

Microscopic analysis of the feces on helminthiasis will show maximum efficiency in the presence of intestinal invasions. In this case, the method of Kato and Miura is used, in which the thin layer of feces is applied to the subject glass, after which its study is carried out.

Crookedoscopy.

• in the tolstoy intestine;
• in the small intestine;
• in the rectum;
• gall bubble.

To identify non-intensive melting invasions, an analysis on the helminthiasis by the method of Fullenborne or Calantaryan, which provides for steaming with special solutions. With a combination of several research options, it is possible to determine the intensity of the lesion of the body with worms.

The material for the study is obtained using duodenal sensing. Analysis of bile and duodenal content can reveal:

• faciolesis;
• opisthorchosis;
• strondhyloidosis;
• clonorhoz;
• dicroceliosis.

Immunological analysis of blood during gelminy

If there are antibodies to helmins, a detailed decoding is presented - the presence of each class is indicated, numeric indicators that indicate the number of antibodies. To properly diagnose and determine at which stage it is helming, it is necessary to consult a doctor. If you pass the immunological analysis several times, you can trace the progress of the development of the disease.

Muscle tissue biopsy

In this case, the patient take a small piece of muscles, exploring which in the laboratory conditions.

How to determine the helminthiasis?

How to hand over a hand for research on helminthoses:

• first prepare a sterile container. Best use a special container that is equipped with a comfortable spoon;
• to get feces, it is impossible to use laxatives;
• cal fees spend in the evening and in the morning before surrendering;
• the material for the study can be stored in the refrigerator no more than 24 hours;
• before defecation you need to perseve. It is impossible to make urine in feces;
• perform a fence of the material from different parts of the carte masses. This technique will allow to obtain more truthful test results.

After the fear of the desired number of carts, it is best to deliver them to the laboratory as quickly as possible. For the study you need to put an approximately teaspoon of material into a sterile container.

To get a more accurate test result, it must be repeated 2-3 times with a frequency of several days.

How is the scraping on helminthiasis?

The scraping for the presence of helminthosis is carried out in suspected enterobiosis. Before the fence of the material does not need to carry out any hygienic procedures in the crotch area. The material fence occurs immediately after waking up before going to the toilet. It is best to entrust it with experienced laboratory technicians. Also, the scrape can be made by several ways:

• Use your cotton wand to be pre-mixed in physical. After that, spend it on the skin around the anus and pack into the sterile container.
• Take a small piece of ordinary sticky tape that needs to be glued near the rear pass. Further move it to the laboratory glass and deliver to the laboratory.

Treatment

In preventive purposes, it is not necessary to treat gelminths, since all drugs, despite their safety, have a negative effect on the human body. Take antickeys needed under strict testimony.

Today, alternative techniques that help get rid of helminths are also often applied. These include treating homeopathy or therapy with oxygen.

Helminthosis treatment in adults

In parallel with desensitizing therapy, sympathomimetic treatment should be carried out. Most gelminths are accompanied by serious violations in the human body. In the presence of any problems, certain drugs are shown, which are aimed at normalizing the state of the person.

After the course of treatment, to avoid self-response, it is necessary to repeat therapy after 10-14 days. This will significantly reduce the risk of re-helminthosis.

Helmintosis treatment in children

When identifying the characteristic symptoms in the child, which appear during gliscate invasions, you must refer to the pediatrician. It is important to undergo a thorough diagnosis. It is aimed at identifying the true causes of the painful state of the child. Only after confirmation of helminthosis can be proceeding.

For children are appointed safe moneythat do not have toxic action on children's organism. The use of folk remedies that are considered harmless is not always justified. Most of them act locally. With gelminintosis, it is important to get rid of not only from adult worms in the intestine, but also from their larvae or eggs. Only an integrated approach to the problem will be a key to success.

If there are problems with digestion, parallel treatment is carried out with the help of enzyme funds. Also show preparations that are directed to the normalization of the intestinal microflora.

Despite the efficiency and safety of the technique, it is not recommended to be used as an independent means in the fight against helminths.

Diet with gelminyosis

To strengthen the effect of application medical therapy, you need to eat right. It will be the key to rapid recovery and will help the body transfer the increased load from treatment.

In the presence of helminthiasis in your diet should be attended by:

• products that have pronounced anti-shine properties. These include onions, garlic, pumpkin seeds, cabbage, blackberry, grenades;
• products C. increased content fiber - beets, apples;
• dairy products;
• a large amount of water. It is necessary to drink from 1 to 2.5 liters of clean water, depending on the weight of the patient;
• all the food must be thermally processed, it is best welded, knocking or baked.

During treatment and for two weeks after it, give up meat, fish, fried, salted, sour. Products with starch also under the ban. Sweet, especially candies, cakes, carbonated water should not be present in your diet.

Prevention of helminthosis in adults

Prevention intestinal infections and helminthoses lies in such aspects:

• It is necessary to follow the rules of personal hygiene. Always wash your hands thoroughly after the toilet, the street, before meals.
• Before use in food, you need to wash all the vegetables, fruits, greens.
• When working with the soil, wear gloves.
• If you have a pet, every six months give him drugs from worms with a prophylactic goal.
• Do not use insufficiently thermally processed meat, fish.
• Do not drink water from unverified sources.

Helmintosis prevention in children

• FROM early age You need to teach the child to wash your hands.
• Do not let the child play with street animals.
• All children's toys need to be kept clean.
• Try to often carry out wet cleaning and regularly clean the toilet with disinfectants.
• Do not allow the baby to take food or foreign items from the floor.
• Baby lingerie must be ironed with a hot iron on both sides.
• Avoid contact kid with patients with children.
• Cut the short nails to the child.
• When the baby begins to crawl, do not let it do on the dirty floor. Games with adult shoes are also banned.

Medicine

However, it is worth understanding that all these medicines are very strong and make them without appointing a doctor can be very dangerous. And although today specialists have achieved the maximum reduction in the concentration of toxic substances in the medicine, many patients still face side effects.

That is why it is impossible to drink tablets for the prevention of helminthosis.

All that is required from the patient is to take medicines from helminthosis that the doctor wrote down, strictly adhering to the schemes and all instructions. This is due to the fact that the wrong taking of drugs can be extremely dangerous not only for health, but also for human life. So, the worms after improper treatment are often beginning to migrate through the body. For example, move from thick or fine intestine In the brain, liver or thyroid gland.

Only a doctor knows how to treat Helmintosis and how to do it right.

For the treatment of a person from worms, doctors use chemotherapeutic medicines. They have a negative impact on biological structures and life cycle of worms.

From the most common side effects Medicines can be distinguished diarrhea, violation of blood composition, vomiting, allergic reactions. Under the preparation of the drug, these phenomena is enhanced. There is no special antidote of drugs, however, in case of side effects, doctors are allowed to use activated carbon.

Mebekhendazole.

Negroezol - effective tool From helminthosis, which is allowed to apply adults and adolescents. Dosage of the drug, number and reception scheme this medicine must also be prescribed by the doctor based on clinical picture Diseases and individual characteristics of the body. The drug violates the process of learning to worms, as a result of which in their cells occur degenerative changes. Best Effect They are given with sharp and ascaris. It is often used with mixed wicked invasions. The semi-anniversary of its body occurs 2-5 hours after the reception.

Tablets need to be taken inside and at the same time, not chewing, drinking them with plenty of water.

Side effects after using medication are rare. Among them can be highlighted: trembling fingers, poured on the skin, nausea, diarrhea, flatulence, changes in blood composition.

Contraindication to the use of the drug is the Crohn disease, a violation of glucose tolerance and age up to 2 years. In case of overdose, it is recommended to wash the stomach.

Zentel

Zenthel - a medicine against helminthosis, the action of which consists in violating the process of polymerization of tubulin. All this leads to a disorders of the harvest and as a result - to his death. He has the greatest efficiency in relation to giardias, ascarides of the sharp and various types chain. This drug is recommended to be taken during meals.

The drug, falling into the body, does not pass through the kidneys, therefore, with their diseases, the dosage correction is not needed.

With a long overdose, patients may arise allergies of immunity violations and failures in the operation of digestive organs. In some cases, toxic liver damage and allope can be observed. Sometimes patients also note weakness and increase in body temperature, diarrhea, heartbeat disorder.

The medicine cannot be taken pregnant women.

Wormil

Wormil - the drug from helminthosis main active substancewhich is Albendazole. It negatively affects the processes of nematodes and cestoders.

The drug is completely excreted from the body with liver and kidney after 8-9 hours after reception. This drug must be taken inside chewing, but without drinking with water.

Helminithosis treatment with albandazole preparations can be accompanied by some side effects. Among these patients often note vomiting and peptic lesions of the oral cavity. In some cases, the drug can provoke dryness in the mouth, hallucinations and disturbances of consciousness. Sometimes urine staining can be observed and tears in bright yellow color.

Antidote of the drug does not exist. In case side Effects It is recommended to wash the stomach and drink activated carbon.

Prevention

Preparations for the prevention of gelminosis are often interested in people who have dogs or cats in homes, as well as those who have patients with Helminti family members.

Prevention in adults and children in no case should be carried out.

Antickel medication doctor writes only when they are found in the feces of worms or their eggs. The prevention of the disease lies in the insulation of patients and carrying out hygienic procedures.

Folk remedies

Every year, millions of people are infected with helminthiasis. The disease cause worms living inside the body. The stage and degree of damage to the internal organs affect the manifestation of various ailments: dizziness, nausea, irritability. Diarrhea appears, vomiting, abdominal pain, in rare cases - weight loss, edema. Helmintes may be present in the human body for a long time. Diagnostics allows you to quickly identify the disease, the patient is enough to pass the callas. There are many drugs in medicine, effectively cope with this disease. Together with traditional treatment, You can apply the recipes of traditional medicine. The effect of recovery will be achieved faster. But before the folk methodology should be consulted with the doctor.

Helmintoses. People's Treatment of Demissions and Herbs

To remove from the body of the mold and ascaris helps the infusion of wormwood. The teaspoon of grass is sealed in 2 glasses of boiling water. The infusion is cooled and filtered. The prepared medicine is taken on one tablespoon three times a day 20 minutes before eating.

Get rid of the solitator helps a mixture of hints, chamomile and pyzhms taken in the same proportions. 2 tbsp. l. The mixtures are sealed in 2 glasses of boiling water. The mixture is left in the thermos for the night. In the morning, infusion is filled. Take twice a day before making food. Take a medicine for five days.

Effectively helps to get rid of the worms of the tincture of pumpkin seeds and wormwood. Pumpkin seeds are ticking and mixed in equal proportions with dry grass. Take one part of the mixture and poured three parts of the vodka. Infusion is withstanding within a week in a sunny place. Use infusion in the amount of 1 glasses before eating twice a day.

Treatment by folk remedies of helminthosis in children

Information is referenced and is not a guide to action. Do not self-medicate. At the first symptoms of the disease.

The worms in humans can be suspected with high probability according to certain symptoms, but clinically helminthoses are manifested only with mass reproduction of worms. With a low-simpatomic flow, laboratory tests will be reliably diagnosed.

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Worms - what is it?

How can I get hooks?

Main ways of infection:

• lack of hygiene skills - dirty hands, work on Earth;
• the use of food infected with helminths is the unwashed fruits and food to which men sat down, as well as insufficiently thermally processed meat and fish (kebab, bipfstex with blood, smoked products, sushi, etc.);
• the use of non-filled water contaminated with worms;
• contact with animals that are natural tanks for worms - cats and dogs, wild animals (hunting, fishing, work on beverserums);
• contact with sick gelminintosis - handshake, through bedding, door handles, etc.

What bodies can worry worms?

Finding at the larvae stage into the human body, most worms begins to grow and multiply in a thin and thick intestine. At the same time, large invasions are able to cause a violation of the outflow of the bile and the pathology of the pancreas due to the violation of the synthesis of enzymes.

The symptoms of worms in humans are perceived as a certain disease of the gastrointestinal tract (colitis, dysbacteriosis, dyskinesia of biliary tract), but the conducted treatment gives only a minor temporary improvement in the patient's condition. Some of the types of worms fall into the blood, provoking the lesion of the lungs (cough during ascariasis, paragonymis).

Other helminthous larvae, migrating with blood, settle in other organs - liver (echinococcosis, opistorhoz, clonorchose), lymph nodes (filarity), gOOD SYSTEM (schistosomoz) and brain (cysticercosis) and muscle tissue (trichinellosis).

Symptoms of worms in humans, first signs

However, signs indicating the violation of the functions of other bodies characteristic of the lesion.

Helmintoses are also manifested by skin rashes. At the same time, the character of the rash on the skin is diverse: from frequent allergic reactions and acne, to total furunculose, fungal lesion and neurodermit.

However, the main risk of helminthoses is to increase the risk of oncology. Modern medicine has established a clear relationship between the gliscate invasions and the development of cancer. At the same time, chronic damage to the intestinal mucosa plays and the overall decrease in immune defense plays.

Diagnostics - how to find out if there are worms in humans?

With a high probability, it is possible to suspect the helminthia when passing the test:

• yud Anus;
• abundant salivament and a lot of sweets;
• nausea / vomiting and bitterness in the mouth;
• frequent skin rashes;
• anemia that is not amenable to stable correction with iron-containing drugs;
• brush nails, peeling age, dull and poorly growing hair;
• constant insomnia or drowsiness;
• frequent colds;
• an increase in lymph nodes;
• muscular discomfort.

Therefore, independent medication data is not recommended. Only the doctor, relying on the laboratory confirmation of the type of helminthosis, can assign an effective medicine, its age dosage and the duration of reception.

Important! Some drugs from worms do not affect the larvae. Therefore, to prevent self-response, the course of the drug is repeated after a certain period. The patient is obliged to comply with hygienic rules for the prevention of eggs from the worm from the anal area in the mouth.

• However, recovery is confirmed only after a three-time pure analysis on the worms.

Often people, especially when the gelminthosis is detected in children, resort to folk remedies. Treatment of worms at home is carried out using pumpkin seeds and subsequent cleaning enema, swallowing the clove of garlic. Often, people resort to eating infusion: it should be used carefully, the medicinal grass is toxic and can provoke uterine contractions.

However, the effectiveness of treatment with such methods is very doubtful, as a rule, their application should be long. Home recipes are not a full alternative medicinal therapyprescribed by the attending physician!

• Echinococcosis - what is it? Human symptoms, ...

Diseases affecting people of any age and gender. Glisal diseases - diseases caused by worms in the human body.

The path of transmission fecal-oral. That is, the worms fall when eating poorly treated meat. As well as when drinking fish.

Also the way to transfer household. That is, the worms fall into the body through household items. And also from the ground.

Pets can also be a source of infection. These include dogs and cats.

Mainfackers enter the body by self-effect. Suppose the eggs of the bellows may be present under the nails. The man is infected again and again.

What consequences can the glitter inquisition be given? The consequences may be as follows:

• mechanical and toxic lesion;
• allergy;
• concomitant infection;
• nutrition.

And also suffers from CNS and respiratory organs. Blood formation system, liver and amazed too.

The most common glued diseases can be attributed to:

• ankylosomidosis;
• ascaridosis;
• hymenolepidosis;
• dithiilobotryosis;
• teniasis;
• trematodosis;
• tricocephalosis;
• trichinosis;
• enterobiosis;
• echinococcosis.

These diseases are caused by various lesions. The causes of diseases are quite different.

Symptoms

Glitstic diseases have a common symptoms for all types of worms. TO general symptoms Diseases can be attributed:

• weight loss;
• increased appetite;
• anemia;
• defeat other organs;
• fatigue;
• headache;
• dyspepsia;
• anal itch.

What are the symptoms of intoxication related? Namely - fatigue ,. This is due to the productivity of worms.

Gloves their livestock products are thrown into the human body. In turn, the person begins to feel the overall malaise, reduced performance.

Dyspepsia is accompanied painful sensations in a stomach. Since the organs of the digestive tract are certainly affected. Thus, the intestines suffer. From here.

Anal itch is usually observed as the main symptom of wicked inquisition. What is most often observed in diagnosis.

Read information on the site: site

Consult with a specialist!

Diagnostics

First of all, in the diagnosis of glick inquisition is allocated collection of anamnesis. It allows you to determine the probable causes of the disease. As well as clinical symptoms and manifestations.

When examining the patient, complaints are taken into account. As well as overall malaise and increased fatigue. If there is anemia, then the pallor of the skin is possible.

Laboratory diagnostics is very relevant. In the blood and urine inflammatory processes. More informative feces feces. However, in this case, it is better to hand over Cal three times. For the best diagnostics.

If suspicion of enterobiosis, then use the study with adhesive tape. This is a fairly common method in the diagnosis of enterobiosis.

If system authorities are affected, then informative ultrasound diagnostics. At the same time, changes in the kidneys and liver are observed.

Prevention

Glice diseases can be warned. It is important to carry out prevention aimed at the hygiene treatment of hands and leather. As well as thermal processing of products. Mainly meat and fish.

Obsite items must be subjected to disinfection processing. Since the objects can be worms. Especially in a situation with newborn children.

If the worms fall into the body by a repeating process, it is important to prevent this situation. Nails must be briefly tonsured.

If the fish use a river, then for prevention it is necessary to carefully treat it thoroughly. Fish must be roasted.

If there are dogs and cats in the house, it is important to wash them thoroughly. That is, the processing is directly aimed at preventing infection. Pets are direct sources.

Treatment

Glice disease is treated different drug drugs. The only choice of the anti-shine drug will depend on the type of helminths.

The most common antickel preparations include:

• decaris;
• pIRANTEL.

It is the most widely used medication tools. In this case, the patient is not necessarily in the hospital. Treatment is carried out at home.

With systemic lesions, symptomatic therapy is carried out. It is aimed at stopping sharp clinical signs.

People's methods for the treatment of a glitter disease can be used. Pumpkin grains help well. Or the method of treatment with garlic known by all the signs.

Operational intervention is also possible. It implies the removal of killed helminths. However, only by testimony!

In adults

Glice diseases in adults have different etiology. However, certain professions have their helminths.

Suppose, fishermen often observes diofillobotryosis. Hunters have trichinosis. That is, the melted inquisition depends on the kind of their activities.

Often in adults to detect the disease is much more complicated. It can hide behind other pathologies. These include:

• liver pathology;
• pathology of the gastrointestinal tract;
• pathology of the gallbladder.

At the same time, the melted inquisition can continue for a long time. The patient may not even suspect of the disease.

The path of infection in adults is as follows:

• fecal-oral;
• contact;
• transmissible;
• food.

In children

Glice inquisition in children is very common. First of all, it concerns newborn children.

The child contacts the objects of various origins. Toys, household items.

In this case, the path of infection is household. Or fecal-oral. Unwashed fruits and vegetables are important not to use the child.

The child also infects in places of large cluster of people. It can be kindergartens and schools.

More often, the child is infected with enterobiosis. That is, the molds are very comfortable in children.

Diagnosis of the disease lies in the detection of helminths in feces. Or with the help of laboratory studies.

The contact of the child with pets is also a risk factor. At the same time, the child can be infected with contact path.

Forecast

With a glitstic Inquisition, the forecast will depend on several factors. First of all, compliance with the rules of the medical process highly improves the forecast.

It is necessary to follow hygiene. That is, careful treatment of body and hands in the complex with drugs involves the presence of favorable forecasts.

An unfavorable forecast is possible at toxocarbon. That is, direct contamination from dogs and cats.

With systemic lesions, if there is a concomitant pathology, the forecast is worse.

Exodus

The outcome of the glitter disease depends on the flow and severity of the disease. As well as from the type of helminths.

Usually, the molds are cured easier than other helminthous diseases.

The outcome also depends on the concomitant disease. Also, helminthia can affect. And also breaks the work of the heart.

This fact is able to lead to irreversible consequences. Provided if the worms continue to develop in the human body.

Life expectancy

Glice diseases usually do not affect the life expectancy. However, with severe disease, life expectancy can be reduced.

Timely treatment and hygienic methods will help increase the quality and duration of life. Credit process. It is important not to run systemic distribution.

When the gelmintes spread to other organs and systems, the process may be heavy. Even a fatal outcome is possible. What undoubtedly affects the duration of life.

It is important to comply with hygienic rules, products to process thermally and not engage in self-medication!

Currently, about 300 melted human diseases are known. They are accepted to divide on intestinal and extraordinary. In the first case, the worms and their larvae live in the intestines, and in the second - outside it: in muscles, lungs, liver, joints, esophagus, brain, blood, leather and even in the eyes.

According to medical statisticsMost often are the following worms:

Enterobiosis

Scientists have established that the source of infection serves an extremely patient enterobiosis. Transmission path - fecal-oral; In other words, enterobiosis is a classic example of "dirty hands". A man is infected if he is not used to to follow the rules of elementary personal hygiene.

In case of disease, the patient develops characteristic signs: fear, headaches, itching in anus. The latter lasts 1-3 days and then spontaneously disappears, but after 2-3 weeks it often appears again. Such frequency in the appearance of the itch is associated with the change of generations of the sharp, as a result of reinvasia.

The molds are distinguished by strong toxins, which upset the nervous system, generate irritation, depression. They live in the rectum, but crawl into the skin to lay eggs. Usually they do it at night, therefore itching appears mainly at this time of the day. Combing the area of \u200b\u200bthe rear pass leads to a secondary infection in the field of anal opening and the development of the inflammatory process.

In some patients, intestinal disorders appear on the forefront: the rapid casczyce chair, sometimes with admixture of mucus, tenesms are unjustified urge on the chair. In the study of the rectum (RectorOnoscopy), point hemorrhages, small erosion, amplification of the mucous and internal sphincters are often discovered on the mucous membrane.

The presence in the organism of the slicer is usually detected precisely on the night tooth in the rear pass. Sometimes you can find the worms themselves in feces: from pieces of thread or toilet paper they differ in that they are wring. If itching in the rear pass at the same time there is more than one member of the family, you can confidently declare that we are talking about the sharp.

It usually does not occur in the diagnosis confirmation, but if necessary, your doctor can carry out an additional examination with a piece of sticky ribbon and microscope (sticky tape is applied to the buttocks and then examined under the microscope, and if there are bertillas eggs, they will definitely be detected) .

Askaridoz

If you get the same eggs with food and drink in the intestine of another person, there is a larva, which probuls the walls of the intestine, falls into the intestinal veins, reaches the heart and from there the blood current is entered into the lungs. Here it is trying alveoli and passes by respiratory paths In the oral cavity.

Soil contamination with eggs occurs during defecation outside the restrooms, when used as a fertilizer, unsupported feces, wastewater or precipitate from sewage treatment plants, while leakage of sewage from the restroom, etc.

Eggs Askarid are developing to the invasive stage (the state of its development, in which they can already cause a disease in humans) at a soil temperature not less than 13 ° C and humidity at least 8%. The optimal temperature is 24-26 ° C, and the humidity is about 100%. Under these conditions, eggs are developing to the invasive stage for 16-18 days.

However, in a temperate climate, due to temperature fluctuations, these deadlines are usually lengthened to 40-60 days or more. At temperatures above 36 ° C and relative humidity of the soil below 4% of the eggs dying; Below 13 ° C - their development is suspended. The eggs that were in the soil during the period unfavorable for their maturation can complete their development next year. Invasive eggs are capable of falling in the soil under the snow cover at a temperature of 20 ° C, while remaining viable for many years.

The early phase of the disease can vary from latent (hidden) flow to pronounced allergic reactions. On the second or third day after infection, there is ailment, weakness, sometimes fever up to 38 ° C, often subfebrile temperature (37-37.2 ° C), an increase in the size of the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, allergic spindles. Most characteristic pulmonary syndrome: Dry cough or cough with the release of the mucous membrane, less often - mucola-blooded sputum, shortness of breath, chest pain.

The diagnosis of the acute phase is difficult, only occasionally can be detected in the wet ascaride larva. In most cases, the disease remains unrecognized, doctors are often diagnosed with banal pneumonia and is appointed antibacterial therapy. But it should be borne in mind that antibiotics are a factor driving the course of the disease.

IN clinical flow Ascarideosis doctors make two phases. The first (early or migration) is due to the stay of the larvae Ascarid in the lungs, the second (intestinal) is associated with habiting in the intestine of a person adult ascarid.

The severity of symptoms when migrating ascarid larvae through the lungs fluctuates in large limits: from a minor dry cough to heavy shortness of breath, scoring of skin cover (cyanosis), choking and hemoptia - depending on the number of eggs enrolled in the human body, as well as from his health.

Using ordinary clinical methods Studies The first phase of the disease, as a rule, are not recognized by doctors. Therefore, immunological research methods are recommended to identify it, based on the detection of patients with specific antibodies in the serum.
The intestinal phase of ascarides can proceed as asymptomatic and with very pronounced clinical manifestations; As in the first phase, it depends on the intensity of invasion and the state of human health. Most often, patients complain of a decline or, on the contrary, an increase in appetite, sometimes on salivament, nausea with or without vomiting, pulling, unpleasant feelings in the opposite region, bloating and abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea, as well as their alternation.

Sometimes (more often in children) seven-resistant states, meningial phenomena, epileptic and hysterical seizures, a sharp decrease in weight, headaches, are irritable, sleep disorder, reduction of mental and physical activity.

In some cases, mainly with strong infection or unusual localization, ascarides may cause the intestinal blockage, bile strokes and a number of other violations that require surgical intervention.

Giardiasis

The source of infection is a person (patient or carrier). Infection occurs through the mouth when entering the body contaminated with giardia food products Or water, as well as with a random letter of giardia in his mouth with dirty hands. Thus, the giardia is also "disease of dirty hands." Epidemiologists note a high risk of getting sick when bathing in open water bodies and in basins infected with the cysts of Lambli.

The disease proceeds asymptomatic or may be accompanied by enteritis (inflammation of the small intestine), cholecystitis, slowdown in growth, poor memory, fast fatigue, allergies, nerve disorders, urinary incontinence. The reproduction of giardia in the intestines contributes to sweets, preservatives and taste additives.

It is possible to suspect giardiasis if there is a person with the following nonspecific symptoms (nonspecific it is called because such symptoms are found in other diseases):

• pain in the stomach of unclear origin;
• nausea and vomiting;
• long diarrhea or "unstable" chair;
• reducing body weight in a child;
• deterioration of appetite;
• phenomena of hypovitaminosis (vitamin failure).

Infectiousists warn that the disease can begin sharply, with the appearance of a liquid watery chair without impurities of mucus and blood. Chair has nasty smellOn its surface there are impurities of fat. Pains appear in the opposite region. Formed a large amount of gas inflating intestines, belching.

A decreased decrease in appetite, nausea, may be vomiting, in some patients doctors note a slight increase in body temperature. This acute Stage Giardiasis lasts 5-7 days. In most part of the sick, these symptoms are spontaneously disappearing for 1-4 weeks, and the disease passes into a chronic form, which is periodically manifested by a bloating of the abdomen, pain in the opposite region, sometimes discharged chair.

Signs of lack of vitamins are characteristic: the pallor of the skin, the blue circles under the eyes may be snaps (cracks) in the angles of the mouth, allergic rashes. Depending on the prevalence of certain symptoms, the following clinical forms Diseases: Intestinal, hepatobiliary, asthenonevotic, toxic-allergic, anemic and mixed.

In case of intestinal form, pronounced dyspeptic and abdominal syndromes are noted. That is an unstable chair, alternation of constipation and diarrhea, moderate abdominal pain and his bloating, nausea, decline in body weight, lagging in physical development. For the hepatobiliary form of the giardiasis characteristic of the dyskinesia (violation of the gallbladder function) of biliary tract with spasm or atonius of sphincters, cholestasis.

Often, the defeat of biliary tract is combined with gastritis, gastroduodenitis, pancreatitis. In the asthenonevrotic form of giardiasis, the symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract are expressed moderately or weakly. Headaches, irritability, fatigue, sleep disorder, neurocirculatory dystonia are on the fore.

The toxic-allergic form of the disease is characterized by more frequent acute allergic conditions (urticaria, swelling of quinque). Doctors note the acute protracted course of allergose when specified disease. He hardly gives up medication therapy. Often, development occurs atopic dermatitiswhich has a continuous recurrent course. Some patients are damage to the joints.

Also, in difficulties with the diagnosis, the doctors use immunological methods. For example, an immuno-enzyme method is used for the serological diagnosis of giardiasis. Specific antibodies are found in blood through
2-4 weeks after infection. It should be borne in mind that anti-phonomic antibodies can be found in the blood for another 4-6 weeks after a sanitation - clinical cure.

Echinococcus

The main source of invasion is homemade dogs. Mature eggs are highlighted with animal faeces, polluting their wool and the environment. A person's infection occurs when contacting infected with infected animals, with a collection of berries and herbs, drink water from springs contaminated with eggs. In connection with these features, the disease is more common in certain professional groups (employees of scotch, shepherds, leather goods).

Scientists also proved the possibility of transplantary (that is, from the mother to the fetus through the placenta) transmission of helminthosis. But more often echinococcosis is detected in middle-aged people.

In the gastrointestinal tract of a person, echinococcus larvae is introduced into blood vessels And they are dealt with blood flow. The most part is delayed in the liver, the remains fall into the lungs. The slight part passes the lung filter and enters the kidneys, bones, the brain. In the liver around the cyst, a capsule is formed.

In the affected body, one cyst may develop (solitary lesion) or several (multiple echinococcosis), the size of the cyst vary from 1-5 to 40 cm and more in diameter. Echinococcus cyst is aggressively growing, pushing and squeezing the communienable fabrics of the host, which are atrophy and die away.

In uncomplicated cases, the disease occurs over and is detected by chance (for example, with planned fluorography) or at a targeted examination in the diseases of the disease in the absence of clinical manifestations (the preclinical stage of echinococcosis). The flow of echinococcosis depends on the localization of the cyst, their size, the rate of development, complications, the variants of combined damage to organs and a number of other factors.

Pregnancy, nutritional disorders contribute to the more severe course of the disease, rapid growth of the cyst, tendency to break and dissemination (distribution) of the pathogen. When localizing cysts in right share The liver painful syndrome resembles cholecystitis, liver colic, in the left share - heartburn appear, belching, vomiting.

Complications are often found (up to 30%), sometimes being the first clinical manifestation of the disease. Frequent suppuration of cysts (joining secondary bacterial flora with echinococcal), accompanied by increased pain and fever. It is possible to open the cyst in the abdominal and pleural cavity With the development of peritonitis or pleurrites. Squeezing bile duct leads to mechanical jaundice, less likely to cirrhosis, amyloidosis.

Echinococcosis of the lungs can be complicated by repeated pulmonary bleeding, acute cardiovascular failure. The most serious complication is the rupture of cysts, which can be triggered by a blow, lifting weights, coarse palpation (with a doctor with the doctor's abdomen). The cyst break is accompanied by a sharp pain syndrome and manifestations. allergic reaction Various degrees of severity, up to the development of anaphylactic shock.