Neurasthenia symptoms and drug treatment. Signs of neurosis in women - treatment

Protracted and chronic disorders of the human nervous system, which are characterized by a change in the psychoemotional state, are called neurosis. The disease is caused by a decrease in both mental capacity and physical, as well as the appearance obsessive thoughts, hysteria and asthenic manifestations. Neuroses belong to a group of diseases that have a protracted course pattern. This disease affects people who are characterized by constant overwork, lack of sleep, anxiety, grief, etc.

The fact that such a neurosis has become known since 1776, thanks to the research of the Scottish physician William Cullen. A more detailed study of this disease and its types was carried out by the Russian scientist I.P. Pavlov.

A kind of neuroses

In medicine, there are four main types of mental neuroses, which for many centuries have continued to be studied and studied. These species have the following names:

1. Depressive... Characterized by signs of a decadent mood, inhibition in intellectual development.
2. Hysterical neurosis due to a person's low self-esteem among others. There is a feeling of lack of attention, which leads to pretend behavior and a complete revaluation of the personality. Hysterical neurosis often starts from childhood.
3. Asthenic or neurasthenia... Typical factors of the disease: fatigue, mood instability and a state of complete depression.
4. Anxious... The name says that this disease is based on the appearance of factors of fear, increased anxiety, depression.
5. Bulimic neurosis... Refers to mental disorders and is characterized by the manifestation of unrestrained eating of high-calorie foods. Bulimic neurosis is more common among men (about 60%), less often in women.

These neuroses have their own individual causes, as well as symptoms of the course, so it is worth paying special attention to each type.

Causes of neuroses

Physical and psychological influences are among the main factors in the onset of a disease based on mental disorders. Experienced doctors stand out following reasons the occurrence of mental disabilities in people:

1. Great stress on the brain or serious emotional distress. Mental stress is inherent in children, and reasons such as unwanted dismissal, divorce, dissatisfaction with life are typical for adults.
2. The inability to solve various problems. The main cause of mental disorder is considered different kinds pressure from other people. For example, loans of money that ultimately need to be paid back, but when they are not there, there is nothing to return. In such a situation, the borrower begins to put pressure on the borrower in every possible way, which causes the emergence of a neurotic disorder in the second.
3. Typical signs of forgetfulness, which ultimately lead to serious consequences (death of people, damage to property, illness). These consequences in a person settle in the soul and do not give the possibility of normal existence. A state of self-accusation arises, the appearance of doubts.
4. Deviations in the development of the central nervous system are reduced to the fact that a person is incapable of prolonged physical and mental stress. These reasons contribute to the development of asthenic neurosis.
5. Diseases through which there is a complete or partial depletion of the body. Typical diseases of this kind are considered, etc. An important reason, which is characteristic of provoking neuroses, is a person's addiction to alcohol and tobacco products or narcotic substances.

Currently, neuroses have entered the everyday life of a person imperceptibly, and it is almost difficult to say how many people do not know this disease. For some people, this disorder is considered a normal state, but for someone it is suffering, the way out of which a person finds not in medications, but in alcohol, religion, work. Thus, trying to get away from the main primary sources of mental disorders.

It is believed that neuroses are protective factors in the brain that provide protection against adverse social and psychological influences. Such influences include: aggressive attitude of parents towards the child or, conversely, too much care, isolation or humiliation, neglect. A genetic predisposition is not excluded, which as a result can manifest itself both in older age and in children. When the parents allow the child everything, he gets used to it, and already upon entering a kindergarten or school, the attitude of peers and teachers towards him will be correspondingly different. In this case, children have conflict situations, which is reflected primarily in the child's psyche.

From this it turns out that even from an early age, the cause of the subsequent neurosis in children develops.

Thus, the psychological reasons for provoking a neurosis include:

• features of educational methods;
• the level of parental claims to the child;
• human relationships in the social sphere;
• characteristic of personality development.

The biological causes of neuroses are characterized by:

• functional impairment;
• deviations against the background of congenital pathologies;
• physical injuries;
• injuries in women during difficult childbirth or through abortion.

Based on the causes of the initiation of the disease, the corresponding symptoms appear in a person.

Symptoms

Knowing now what neurosis is and the reasons for its occurrence, it is worth paying special attention to the symptoms. The symptoms of the disease in adults and children differ in the forms of severity, so we will consider in more detail.

Symptoms of the disease are divided into two forms of manifestation: somatic and mental.

Somatic symptoms of neurosis are characterized by the manifestation of pain, such as:

1. The onset of headaches, and characterized by the duration and suddenness of the appearance. Pain sensations in the area of \u200b\u200bthe heart and abdomen, muscles and joints, which is the root cause of the ailment. Tremors of the hands and frequent urination are also characteristic, not necessarily supported by diseases of the kidneys and genitals.
2. It is common for a person to get tired quickly, even if he did nothing. At the same time, both physical and mental fatigue. There is no desire to do any work, there is a decrease in working capacity. A person with neurotic symptoms becomes sleepy and gloomy.
3. Darkening of the eyes, disorientation in the area, dizziness and even fainting are all symptoms of the disease.
4. A person is characterized by the appearance of sweating, which is characterized by the frequency of occurrence. This sweating does not arise from hot weather, but from constant fear, anxiety, and nervousness. Sweat is especially active at night, when a person is asleep, and in the morning he finds a wet pillow.
5. Mental disorders affect a decrease in potency and can eventually develop a disease such as prostatitis.
6. The vestibular apparatus is disturbed. Symptoms of this disorder are frequent dizziness, especially when the head is tossed back. These dizziness in the initial stages are rare, but with the development of the disease they intensify and cause discomfort when performing physical work.
7. Violation of the diet. The psychological appearance causes a violation of the person's appetite, and this can be both malnutrition and overeating. Overeating or excessive consumption of fatty foods indicates that a person has bulimic neurosis. Against the background of mental disorders, a person finds comfort in eating food, which gives rise to another problem - obesity. Frequent eating also does not solve the problem of neurosis, therefore, therapeutic measures will be required.
8. The occurrence of insomnia or a constant desire to sleep. Depending on the person and the reason for provoking a neurosis, one or another symptom may be inherent. During sleep, there are frequent awakenings caused by nightmares.
9. Health problems that affect the human psyche. He worries about his health, about what to do next, how to be.

Mental symptoms of the disease:

1. Emotional stress arising from the absence of apparent reasons.
2. The reaction to stressful situations in patients with neurosis is manifested in the form of isolation and obsession with one thing. A person constantly worries about something, thinks, but at the same time does nothing useful. Quite often, "withdrawal" can cause phobias, which should be stopped through treatment.
3. Symptoms of the disease manifest themselves in the form of a weakening of memory, a person becomes forgetful, complains about the variety of thoughts in his head.
4. Sensitivity of the body to sudden changes in temperature. Also, pain is caused by bright lights and loud sounds. The patient wants solitude and silence.
5. Communication inferiority complex. A patient with neurosis can be characterized by either overestimated self-esteem or underestimated.
6. The symptoms of the disease are also characterized by uncertainty and inconsistency. It is common for people to incorrectly define preferences and set priorities for everyday life.
7. A person becomes irritable over trifles, difficult to predict and sensitive to trifles addressed to him.

All these symptoms can develop into chronic malaise, and this is already a more complex form of neurosis.

Signs of neurosis in the fair sex have their own characteristics, which should be discussed. First of all, women are characterized by asthenic neurosis (neurasthenia), caused by irritability, loss of mental and physical ability, and also leading to problems in sexual activity.

In women, three forms of asthenic neurosis are distinguished, which are characterized by the following symptoms:

1. Hypersthenic form characterized by the initial stage of neurosis and is caused by the manifestation of irritability and mild excitement. Women in this state react negatively to noise, conversation, bright light. They feel uncomfortable being around people. Behaving carelessly and emotionally around the family, especially towards children. The night for women with neurosis turns into a nightmare rest.
2. Irritable form caused by an increase in excitability, but at the same time, an increase in the symptoms of fatigue. Uncontrolled composure is inherent in exposure to noise. Women in the second stage become more aggressive, distracted, depressed and dangerous.
3. Hyposthenic form refers to the final stage, which is very difficult to treat. Even in the absence of problems and concerns, a woman with neurosis tends to show aggression towards others, and at the same moment depression and exhaustion. Symptoms of a third stage neurosis in women are characterized by a constant desire for rest or sleep. Often, women resort to pain relief through alcohol.

Children's symptoms of neurosis

In children, the symptoms of the disease are provoked through improper upbringing of the child, or, more precisely, the practical absence of it. In this case, the following picture of the symptoms of the disease can often be observed in children:

• decreased appetite and sleep sensitivity. Anxiety arises through nightmares, causing the child to wake up and cry;
• cold sweat during sleep, as well as when feeling the limbs, they feel cold;
• the occurrence in children of headaches that are initial stages the child tries to hide neurosis from his parents;
• painful effects of bright lights and loud noises that cause headaches and fussiness;
• instability of behavior, as a result of which the child may cry at any time.

Children are also characterized by the manifestation of a mental disorder, referred to as hysterical neurosis. Moreover, its symptoms include manifestations of hysterical seizures. These seizures have the following form of manifestation: for no reason the child falls on the floor and begins to cry, while beating and kicking and complaining.

For children, neurosis is a more dangerous disease, since it is very difficult for a rather young, undeveloped brain to fight the signs of neurosis, so the disease progresses rather quickly and can lead to complete mental decay.

To prevent the progression of the disease, it is worthwhile to undergo a diagnosis and start appropriate treatment.

Diagnostics

Diagnosing neuroses involves correct assessment of symptoms. First of all, it is necessary to exclude other diseases that are similar in somatic symptoms to neuroses. These are diseases of the human internal organs.

Diagnosis of neurosis is quite difficult due to the lack of objective and practical indicators that would describe the picture of the disease. The doctor cannot prescribe tests, since neuroses do not have the ability to diagnose through examinations on special medical equipment.

The disease is diagnosed using a color technique. All colors take part in the technique, and a neurosis-like syndrome manifests itself when choosing and repeating purple, gray, black and brown colors. Hysterical neurosis is characterized by the choice of only two colors: red and purple, which by 99% indicates the patient's low self-esteem.

To diagnose neurosis, an experienced doctor will be required who will interview the patient and make a final conclusion. In order to exclude diseases of internal organs, an examination in a hospital is allowed.

"How can a neurosis be cured if it is a mental disorder and not a physical manifestation?" - a question quite common among users who have symptoms of the disease, both in themselves and in children.

Treatment

There are many ways and techniques known about how to treat a neurosis, if it is characterized by a mental disorder. Consider methods of treatment through psychotherapy, medication and home exposure.

Treatment of neuroses through psychotherapy involves influencing the patient's psyche, persuading him, and awareness of reality. It is also necessary to identify the root cause of the development of the disease, and if it is embedded in the genes or originates from early childhood, then treatment through psychotherapy alone will be ineffective and will not bring the desired result.

Drug treatment involves taking appropriate drugs, the action of which is aimed at restoring the processes taking place in the brain. These processes include inhibition and excitation. Bromine is used to stimulate inhibition, and caffeine is responsible for arousal.

When acute attacks neurosis, doctors prescribe the following drugs:

• Sibazon;
• Relanium;
• Seduxen;
• Elenium.

These drugs are fast-acting and are conditioned by the effectiveness of the treatment. The principle of the influence of drugs is based on a calming effect on the central nervous system, as a result of which the symptoms of the manifestation of the disease decrease.

Note! Do not forget that all medications must be prescribed by a doctor!

There is another common remedy - Amisil. He has a therapeutic effect in neurotic disorders and acts as a corrector for neuroleptic therapy. Do not forget that all of the above medical drugs are caused by the presence of side effects, therefore, at the first sign of them, you should stop taking it and contact your doctor.

Home treatment

Treatment of neurosis at home is the most common way, since this disease requires a revision of your thoughts and a way out of this state. The first home remedy is sports. It doesn't matter what kind of sport (gymnastics, running) will be chosen, the main thing is to start physically developing. Treatment of neurosis at home with physical activity has a positive effect on the heart and the body as a whole, enriching it with fresh oxygen. For classes, you should devote no more than 15 minutes a day and the result will be noticeable in a week.

At home, the treatment of acute and chronic neuroses is carried out through proper nutrition, which includes in the diet vitamins and minerals that stimulate the brain.

Color therapy treatment involves wearing clothes in extremely warm and light colors. Tension can be relieved by looking at pictures or by walking in the green garden, which will have a double effect - both relaxation and enrichment with fresh oxygen.

At home, the treatment of acute neuroses can be carried out with the help of music therapy. To calm down, an appropriate melody or song is selected, which should be listened to for 30 minutes daily (preferably before bedtime). Give yourself the opportunity to rest more and not think about the bad, not worry about trifles and not take various offenses to heart.

Now, knowing the answer to the question of how to treat neurosis, you can take the first steps to counteract it in order to prevent the progression and deterioration of the situation.

Neurasthenia is a mental disorder belonging to the group of neuroses. The disease is a special abnormal state of the psyche of the individual, which is the result of its depletion due to prolonged mental or physical overload. This disorder is more often observed in persons aged 20 to 40 years. At the same time, this pathological condition is much less common in a fine part of the population than in men.

Neurasthenia develops as a result of prolonged exposure to physical overload (for example, strenuous work), frequent stressful situations, protracted conflicts or personal tragedies. It is also possible to single out factors that may favor the onset of neurasthenia - these are somatic diseases and chronic intoxication.

Causes of neurasthenia

The disease of neurasthenia does not choose its "victims" depending on gender or age. It is a kind of indicator reflecting the realities of the modern rhythm of life and the requirements of society. As mentioned above, neurasthenic states are found in the fair sex much less often than in the stronger half. Along with this, it should be noted that neurasthenia in women is expressed somewhat more seriously than in the male part of the population. This is due to the excessive emotionality of the feminine. After all, they are quite often subjected to emotional attacks, and often from their side.

Probably, today no one will dare to argue that the life philosophy of a person and its image of daily pastime is rather closely related to the psyche. In fact, the ordinary everyday affairs of an individual (for example, playing sports, drinking alcohol, eating, etc.) and the quality of relations with others are necessarily reflected in his psyche. The psyche, in turn, transmits the reflection to the physical body.

Below are the aspects of an individual's life that negatively affect his psyche and lead to the development of neurasthenia.

Overstrain of the brain leads to the appearance of neuroses. This can confirm the presence of a certain category of neurasthenics, which is composed of individuals with a constantly working brain. Such subjects include doctors, teachers, lawyers, students and others.

For the development of neurasthenia, the mental work itself is also essential, and for the above category of citizens it is mainly worried. Everyone strives to improve their social status and financial situation, the result of which is intense brain work in conjunction with anxiety, disappointment,. Due to intensive work, such individuals constantly do not have enough time to competently plan their own daily routine, which will include time for rest, eating, as they are overwhelmed by everyday worries, work problems and other matters.

An important factor in the origin of neurasthenia is mismanagement intimate life... After all, sex life covers almost all mental phenomena and physical processes of the individual. As a result, the reasons for the development of neurasthenia can be: frequent and indiscriminate intimate relationships, methods used to prevent pregnancy (for example, pills, abortions, etc.), sexually transmitted diseases.

Some ways of spending leisure time in society can only provoke neurasthenic states and contribute to their aggravation. Such methods include frequent and prolonged pastime in various clubs where very loud music is played, enthusiasm gambling, constant consumption of alcohol in considerable doses, smoking. Unfortunately, today the described way of life is drawing more and more the younger generation into its nets, as well as older individuals.

Among other reasons for the development of neurasthenic states, one can single out: the transfer of some infectious diseasesaffecting nerve endings, injuries of various origins, protracted debilitating diseases (for example).

Also, there are random and predisposing factors. The factors of a random nature include the reasons that give rise to the development of the disease. The predisposing factors create the basis for the development of neurasthenia. Heredity is also attributed to the fundamental factors causing neurasthenia.

Symptoms and signs of neurasthenia

Today, diseases of civilization can be safely called neuroses of neurasthenia. The main manifestation of neurasthenic states is irritable weakness. Therefore, the second name for neurasthenia is, rather successfully characterizing its main manifestations. Individuals with a history of neurasthenia get tired quickly, restore physical and mental strength with difficulty.

For the clinical picture of neurasthenic states, general violations, characteristic neuroses, such as pain in the head area, insomnia, vegetative-visceral signs.

Russian psychiatry divides neurasthenic states into hypersthenic, transitional and asthenic stages of neurasthenia.

The hypersthenic form is characterized by increased irritability, tearfulness, increased sensitivity even to insignificant stimuli, impatience, irascibility, impaired attention, etc. The opposite form of neurasthenic states - asthenic is characterized by pronounced phenomena of asthenia, both on the part of the psyche and on the part of the physical body. Asthenic stages of neurasthenia are expressed in decreased performance, loss of interest in the environment, a feeling of staleness, apathy, fatigue, lethargy, and sometimes drowsiness.

An intermediate position is occupied by the stage irritable weakness... It is characterized by increased excitability, weakness, fatigue, exhaustion, rapid transitions from a hypersthenic state to a hyposthenic state, from high activity to perfect.

With neurasthenia, depressive coloration can acquire emotional-affective disorders. As the disease develops, emotional-affective disorders often reach the level of a neurotic syndrome.

TO frequent symptoms neurasthenia can also include hypochondriacal disorders, which are asthenohypochondriacal and depressive hypochondriacal syndrome.

With neurasthenia, in turn, there are all variants of sleep disorders. Bole often has presomnic disturbances, sleep with frequent awakenings in the middle of the night, and mild variations of dyssomnia.

Quite frequent manifestations of neurasthenia include a rhythmic increase in tendon reflexes, muscle pain, trembling of the eyelids, increased sensitivity some areas of the skin.

Sexual disorders are of significant importance in the clinical picture of neurasthenia. In males, this is expressed in premature ejaculation and a deterioration in erection, as well as in a decrease in sexual desire, neurasthenia in women is manifested by a decrease in sexual desire. The consequence of this is excessive irritability, gloom, gloominess, poor performance, the genital area is characterized by unpleasant sensations, which leads to a disorder of its functions, manifested in men in the form of impotence and in women with vaginismus.

Genital neurasthenia is characterized by a rapid act, at the end of which both sides remain dissatisfied, prostatorrhea, frequent emissions, occasionally without an erection and during the day, hyperesthesia in the areas of the sacral plexus, lumbar pain, considered by patients to be the beginning of "tabes", depressed general condition, memory impairment, etc.

Genital neurasthenia in severe forms can often be associated with constitutional frailty of the nervous system, with varying degrees of severity of deep neuropathy.

Some psychiatrists argue about the possibility of appearance, with neurasthenic syndrome, rarely occurring short-term states of transformed consciousness. Their common feature can be considered that they are not formed spontaneously, but almost always as a result of the impact of a situation. Often, such states act as the so-called temporary freezing of brain activity or loss of the thread of thinking. Altered states with neurasthenia should be distinguished from epilepsy. In neurasthenic conditions, in contrast to epilepsy, such conditions are developed as a result of prolonged nervous overstrain. They disappear without leaving behind any unpleasant sensations.

Neurasthenia should be considered as a psychogenic disease, which is characterized by various variations in the course. It can flow in the form neurotic reaction and continue for several months, and in a protracted form, often lasting for many years. The duration of the disease in each individual case is determined by the ratio of several factors, such as features of the clinical picture, characteristic personality traits, concomitant bodily diseases, features of the pathogenic situation, etc.

Neurasthenia in children

Neurasthenic neuroses are considered to be a completely controllable and treatable condition in childhood... They do not cause severe mental disorders; the only danger is the lack of proper help for children.

Neurasthenic conditions in children in the preschool, school or puberty period are a borderline disease characterized by a temporary course, reversible disorders of the functions of the nervous system. Such conditions in children arise as a result of the influence of various factors of a psycho-traumatic orientation. Nervous system disorders can form in the first year of life of babies, as well as at an older age. In this case, neurasthenia is more often observed in male children than in girls. Neurasthenic states in children are characterized by varied and dynamic symptoms.

Factors contributing to the development of neurasthenia in children include before punishment, fear, incorrect, tactless or partial attitude of teachers or parents towards them. Also, such conditions may be the result of separation from one of the parents due to their divorce, the first visit kindergarten, transfer to another educational institution or change of residence.

The appearance of neurosis in babies is facilitated by the prevalence of certain character traits, the weakening of the body's defenses due to the transfer of diseases of a somatic nature, unstable emotional condition women during pregnancy, hereditary factor, etc. In neurasthenic conditions, tension and disruption of inhibition functions are observed.

Infantile neurasthenia is characterized by the presence of special symptoms, which manifests itself in increased irritability, excessive tearfulness. A child with neuroses quickly gets tired mentally and physically. Often, the disease is accompanied by vegetative-vascular disorders, decreased attention, headaches, drowsiness, increased sweating. Fainting, decreased appetite are also possible. Depletion of the nervous system can cause unbearable stress. So, for example, if the baby is loaded with music lessons, studying foreign languages or sports, in addition to the usual school loads, then he may develop neurasthenia due to depletion of the nervous system.

Children with neuroses are characterized by excessive moodiness, excitement, or, conversely, lethargy, fearfulness, excessive uncertainty.

Cause of many children neurotic conditions consists in fearfulness, the fear felt by children in the presence strangers or from fear of the dark. Also, the transferred infectious ailments and the effect of toxic and chemical agents affect the children's nervous system quite unfavorably.

Often, neurasthenia in children can manifest itself brightly with characteristic features behavior. With this course, children are generally overly active, overly irritable, overly mobile. It becomes difficult for adults to control them. They become noisy and vain, unable to restrain the expression of emotions. They are characterized by selfishness, high exactingness to the people around them, and their perseverance and stubbornness is quite difficult to resist. Usually, parents cannot refuse such children or somehow calm them down.

Along with this, another course of this disease is observed. Some babies, on the contrary, become sedentary, overly impressionable and whiny. They have excessive moodiness due to rapid fatigue. Whining is a constant feature of their daily behavior.

Along with the above symptoms of neurasthenia, it leads to changes in the work of the gastrointestinal tract, which manifests itself in the form of constipation, nausea, rarely in the form of bouts of vomiting. Sleep is characterized by superficiality and short duration with frequent changes in the position of the child.

Fear of the dark, night vigils, preference to play at night, urinary incontinence at night, decreased appetite - these manifestations are far from all possible problems that parents of babies suffering from neurasthenia may face.

Children often throw tantrums that are difficult to stop. Such situations usually arise unexpectedly, for example, in a store, when the baby has not been bought a toy, or at home at lunch, when he refuses to eat. It is even more difficult to cope with children in adolescence, who have already practically formed their own vision of the world around them. In such cases, one cannot do without the intervention of a psychologist. However, unfortunately, most parents rarely seek professional help, which makes them worse for their own children.

How to treat neurasthenia in children? It is possible to diagnose neurasthenia in babies on the basis of information obtained during the observation of their behavior by their parents. In some cases, in order to clarify or correct the diagnosis, the therapist may prescribe an additional examination of the organs and systems of the sick baby's body using laboratory and electrophysiological methods.

The main task in the course of treatment is the elimination of the causes that provoked the onset of the disease and a decrease in mental and physical stress.

During the recovery period, you should reduce the intensity of training and devote more time to rest. Any activity should generate only positive emotions in children. You should also adhere to the diet, you need autogenous training, frequent unhurried walks, before bedtime it is recommended to stay in the fresh air. Each meal should be balanced and enriched with nutrients and vitamins. If the parents have the opportunity, it is recommended to change the environment. You can organize a family trip to nature for a couple of days.

Psychotherapeutic techniques that contribute to the normalization of the work of nervous processes and have a calming effect have shown themselves quite well. If there is a child in the house with a history of neurasthenia, then parents should create a peaceful and favorable atmosphere in family relationships, restrain the expression of emotions.

The influence of the external environment and social conditions is largely due to the state nervous activity the individual. Also of great importance in the formation of the subject's nervous activity is the competent education of small individuals from early childhood.

For example, the so-called "greenhouse environment" in which an individual grows up and is brought up can lead to the fact that a person with a strong nervous system will remain a coward for life. That is why, at the heart of the educational process in childhood and puberty, activities that develop, persistence in achieving goals, love and respect for work, striving for. However, at the same time, one should not underestimate the enormous influence of the teaching staff, peers, along with family education.

Physical education and sports play a significant role in the development of volitional qualities. So, for example, the competitive aspect of sports training contributes to the formation of stability, striving for victory, social skills. Education in preschool and educational institution instills in children a sense of camaraderie, friendship, a sense of unity of purpose.

According to statistics, children who are brought up by one of their parents or singles among peers who make them the focus of their attention are often prone to neuroses, as a result of which they indulge absolutely all their desires and whims.

In the formation of the personality of subjects and their higher nervous activity big role family life plays. And this means not only the relationship of children with adults, but also the relationship between parents. Constant conflicts, quarrels, squabbles, drunkenness of parents, lies, despotism, insults in relationships can provoke disturbances in the nervous activity of children, which will be a prerequisite for the appearance of neurotic states.

A fairly common factor contributing to the development of neurosis in childhood is the divorce of parents, leading to a difficult situation in which the baby himself is not able to figure it out. He does not understand which of the adults he needs to focus on.

To strengthen the processes of inhibition, a balanced regime of time distribution plays a significant role in the childhood period, which will include daytime rest, timely and sufficient sleep. Sleep is very important, since nerve cells during sleep get rest from the impressions that have occurred during the day and negative emotional stress.

Treatment of neurasthenia

Various methods can be used for treatment today, such as medications, folk recipes, water procedures, yoga, acupuncture, etc. However, they relieve symptoms only for a short period of time.

An important condition for a favorable cure for neurasthenia is a change in lifestyle, which consists in the elimination of unfavorable factors that cause or provoke neurasthenia. Such factors, for example, include nervous work, chronic lack of sleep, overuse alcoholic beverages. Often it is due to the unwillingness of people to change their lifestyle that neurasthenia cannot be cured. And this result will not depend on the chosen treatment method.

How is neurasthenia treated? Direct treatment of neurasthenia always begins with determining the exact cause that provoked the development of the disease. For example, it can be physical or mental overload due to external factors (lack of vacation, hard mental work) or internal conflicts, and overstrain of the nervous system. A combination of reasons is also possible. Whatever the cause of the disease, it is necessary, first of all, to contact a psychotherapist who is able to accurately establish the factors that cause neurasthenia and determine how to eliminate them.

Successful therapy of neuroses is complex treatment, including the use of pharmacological drugs, psychotherapy, balneotherapy, etc. The purpose of psychotherapeutic influence lies in resolving a conflict situation or transforming the client's attitude to such a situation. With neurasthenia, many different methods of psychotherapeutic influence can usually be used, ranging from individual conversations, hypnosis and ending with group sessions and even.

In the course of drug therapy of neurasthenia, the use of tranquilizers of the benzodiazepine group (for example, Relanium, Elenium) proved to be the most effective and justified. Tranquilizers act on the structure of special substances in the brain and are responsible for the translation of excitation between mediators (specific nerve cells), which leads to the processes of inhibition of neurons, i.e. to their inability to act actively.

This principle of action is associated not only with the sedative effect and hypnotic effect of drugs of the tranquilizer group, but also with anti-anxiety, anti-phobic, anticonvulsant action. With data mechanism medicines, side effects are also associated, which are manifested in drowsiness, light dizziness, decreased concentration. In rare cases, individual reactions can be detected, such as itchy skin, decreased libido, nausea, constipation. Drowsiness due to taking tranquilizers is observed in patients only at the beginning of admission. In some elderly people, movement coordination disorder may appear, in rare cases manifestations.

It is prohibited to prescribe drugs of the tranquilizer group if the patient has a history of diseases such as myasthenia gravis, acute ailments of the liver and kidneys. Also, it should not be assigned to drivers and other persons whose profession requires special concentration of attention or quick coordination. Alcoholic drinks, pain relievers can significantly increase the effect of tranquilizers. In advanced severe cases, the use of neuroleptics of different groups in small dosages (for example, Fluspirilene) is recommended. The use of mildly acting psychoactivating drugs, such as tincture of Eleutherococcus or Chinese magnolia vine, has proven effective. In cases of pronounced depressive disorders, combined treatment with tranquilizers in combination with antidepressants (for example, Oxazepam with Paxil) is indicated.

Also, therapy must necessarily include fortifying drugs, complex vitamins, minerals, physiotherapeutic procedures, balneotherapy, herbal therapy, therapeutic exercises.

The therapeutic strategy has an absolute dependence on neurotic symptoms, its dependence on the characteristics of the individual's character, various factors of a somatogenic or psychogenic nature. A variety of hypnosuggestational methods of psychotherapy have the greatest effect.

Along with complex targeted medication and psychotherapeutic treatment at home, it is also recommended to engage in healing.

Treatment of neurasthenic conditions at home with folk remedies is carried out using the simplest plant components. For this purpose, it is often recommended to use willow bark, lilac buds, geranium leaves, mint and lemon balm, agave, etc. in the form of infusions, teas, decoctions. Teas with honey and a slice of lemon will also be quite useful. And it is recommended to include berries in the diet. chokeberry and viburnum, strawberries and raspberries.

Massage for neurosis is also far from the last place. After all, nothing can help relieve tension better than a regular massage. It promotes muscle relaxation and prepares the body for psychotherapy. The massage goes well with music and aromatherapy.

Therapeutic exercises, carbon dioxide or pine baths, circular or rain showers will effectively cheer up a neurasthenic who has lost all sorts of strength.

Neurasthenia is characterized by excessive excitability against the background of weakness and impaired autonomic functions of the nervous system. The disease is more susceptible to men under the age of 45, however, pathology occurs in women.

Cerebral neurasthenia refers to a group of mental disorders or neuroses. Pathology mental state develops as a result of depletion of the nervous system due to excessive physical or psycho-emotional stress.

The causes of neurasthenia are as follows:

• emotional stress;
• strenuous physical work;
• stress action;
• long-term conflicts;
• somatic disorders;
• intoxication of the body.

Neurasthenia is often found in people whose work is associated with increased intellectual activity and responsibility. Prolonged overstrain of the brain can lead to the development of mental disorders.

The risk group is made up of people with increased intellectual activity - doctors, scientists, students, lawyers, etc. Anxious brain activity, a state of constant lack of time and the inability to distract from professional problems - all this is characteristic of neurasthenics.

Neurasthenia develops under the influence of a person's lifestyle. The constant visit to nightclubs has a negative effect on the psyche and provokes the development of neurosis. The same is true for people who lead promiscuous sex life, abuse alcohol and other toxic substances. All this overloads the brain and leads to neurasthenia.

Neurasthenia can be triggered by the following diseases:

• infectious diseases;
• trauma;
• chronic diseases;
• chronic digestive disorders.

The disease develops due to infectious diseases that affect nervous system... People with lingering chronic disorders often become neurasthenics eating behavior and the gastrointestinal tract. A separate risk group is made up of patients with bulimia and anorexia.

The cause of neurosis in women can also be a severe pregnancy and hormone imbalance.

Symptoms and types of disease

Signs of neurasthenia largely depend on the form of the disease. There are the following types of pathology:

• irritable weakness;
• hypersthenic neurasthenia;
• hyposthenic type of disease.

The first symptom common to all types of neurasthenia is headache... As a rule, discomfort occurs at the end of the day, against the background of overexertion. Headache is characterized by pressure on the head in a circle, like a squeezing helmet.

Patients often complain of sudden dizziness. At this time, a feeling of rotation appears only in the head, while the surrounding objects are static. Dizziness occurs when:

• change of weather;
• patient experiences;
• physical stress;
• emotional uplift.

Dizziness may occur suddenly, for example, during an important conversation or precise work that requires maximum concentration on its implementation.

From the side of cardio-vascular system neurasthenics note the following symptoms and signs:

• increased heart rate;
• heart palpitations;
• increase or decrease in pressure;
• aching pain in the left side of the chest;
• flushed face.

These symptoms also occur spontaneously, during psycho-emotional stress or excitement.

On the side of the gastrointestinal tract, indigestion, diarrhea, weakness and nausea are possible. Some neurasthenics note a frequent urge to urinate during anxiety and anxiety. In men, a decrease in libido and premature ejaculation are possible as signs of neurosis.

Patients often have muscle weakness or muscle hypertonicity. Asthenic neurosis leads to the fact that the body does not relax during sleep. As a result, in the morning, patients feel overwhelmed, muscle pains are possible.

With neurasthenia, symptoms and treatment largely depend on the characteristics of the development of pathology.

Hypersthenic neurasthenia

The hypersthenic form of the disease is characterized by the patient's increased aggressiveness. Patients react strongly to external stimuli, they are easily excitable and emotionally unstable.

A characteristic feature of this form of neurasthenia is increased irritability... The patient may react aggressively to the sound of footsteps, someone else's cough, or a crowd. Patients, as a rule, easily break down on others. A striking example of a hypersthenic neurasthenic is an irritable boss who often breaks down on subordinates.

This form of the disease is characterized by a desire to yell, offend or humiliate others. The patient is not able to control his aggression, so he often comes into conflict with other people.

This form of the disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

• irritability;
• pathological fatigue;
• decrease in working capacity;
• emotional instability;
• sleep disorders.

Due to emotional instability, the patient cannot concentrate on the work being performed, therefore, the ability to work significantly decreases. People who are sick may have difficulty falling asleep. The amount of sleep increases, but the patient does not feel rested when he wakes up. Pathological fatigue accumulates and is manifested by an increased response to stimuli. Neurasthenics often complain of an evening headache and a constant feeling of weakness and heaviness in the head.

The hypersthenic form of neurasthenia requires treatment. Otherwise, it goes into a stage of irritable weakness.

Irritable weakness

This form appears in two cases - with untreated hypersthenic neurasthenia or in patients with choleric temperament.

This form of the disease is characterized by the following symptoms and signs:

• increased irritability;
• mental exhaustion;
• feeling of powerlessness;
• tearfulness;
• nervous weakness;
• inability to concentrate.

Patients react sharply to external stimuli, starting to scream and showing aggression. However, this is the first reaction, which is soon replaced by a feeling of devastation and lack of strength. This can lead to tearfulness. Patients note their own powerlessness to change anything.

The patient's ability to work is significantly deteriorating. He cannot concentrate on the work being done, which leads to aggravation of the condition and dissatisfaction with himself. After a while, the patient begins to get irritated from his own impotence. Irritation is again replaced by tearfulness and resentment, which further depletes the nervous system.

Against the background of weakness, there is constant fatigue. Sleep problems are exacerbated, as does an evening headache. Often, in an attempt to change something, patients themselves bring themselves to exhaustion.

This form of the disease occurs in people with a stable psyche and choleric people. It can also become a continuation of neurasthenia, its second stage, if the hypersthenic form has not been cured.

Hyposthenic stage of the disease

Hyposthenic neurasthenia is observed in patients with a weak psyche, prone to increased anxiety and phobias. Also, this type of disease can develop due to untreated neurasthenia of the first two types.

The following symptoms of neurosis in women and men are characteristic of hyposthenic disorders:

• lethargy;
• chronic fatigue;
• feeling empty;
• lack of strength;
• asthenic syndrome;
• loss of interest in life;
• tearfulness;
• feeling overwhelmed.

Hyposthenic asthenic neurosis makes a person lethargic, passive, anxious. Patients are unable to change anything in their lives. Efficiency is almost completely absent, it is extremely difficult to concentrate on something other than your own state. The sick person feels constant weakness... Trying to deal with this, he focuses on his condition and falls even more into hypochondria. With asthenic neurosis, the symptoms are the same in women and men.

Sometimes patients develop imaginary pain during internal organs and heart area.

Diagnosis of the disease

To make a diagnosis, you must consult with a neurologist. The diagnosis is made based on the analysis of the patient's complaints.

Neuroses in men can be a complication of infectious and oncological diseasesaffecting the brain. To exclude these conditions, a comprehensive examination is prescribed, which includes:

• MRI of the brain;
• a therapist's consultation;
• consultation with a cardiologist;
• general and biochemical blood test;
• assessment of cerebral circulation.

If any disease is found that provokes the development of neurasthenia, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive treatment of the cause.

Treatment methods

Treatment of neurasthenia begins with a change in the lifestyle of a modern person. Patients should normalize their own regimen.

With neurasthenia, treatment includes the elimination of the factors that provoked nervous overstrain and exhaustion. Nervous and stressful work is often such a factor. The best solution would be to change the type of activity, otherwise neurasthenia will return.

If the disease is provoked by any pathological processes occurring in the body, the cause must be treated.

Medication is aimed at restoring the patient's nervous systems. For this, antidepressants, drugs of the nootropic group, sedatives or tranquilizers are used. Medicines are prescribed by the attending physician, depending on the degree of depletion of the nervous system.

In the treatment of neurasthenia in women, tranquilizers are often used. The disadvantage of this method is addiction to drugs, so they should be taken with caution and only on the recommendation of a doctor. Drugs in this group have a number of contraindications, which should be consulted before starting therapy.

In some cases, it is enough to adjust the lifestyle and supplement lung treatment sedatives to get rid of neurasthenia. Anxiety medications can help normalize sleep.

An important stage of treatment is the restoration of cerebral circulation. For this, special drugs are used, but only on the recommendation of a doctor. Self-medication can lead to negative consequences.

Patients are shown taking vitamin complexes to strengthen the nervous system. As a rule, these are B vitamins and preparations with magnesium in the composition.

Traditional methods, physiotherapy and psychotherapy

As well as drug treatment, methods traditional medicine effectively complement therapy. Soothing and relaxing teas and infusions are recommended.

Tea with lemon balm and chamomile has a good effect. It calms the nervous system and normalizes sleep, so it is better to drink it before bed.

Many patients note the effectiveness of motherwort tincture. This medication should be taken with caution, the dosage is determined only by the attending physician.

The patient's diet should be revised. Nutrition should be balanced. Meals should be regular, at the same time. Patients also need a full night's rest, at least eight hours a day.

A good effect can be achieved by acupuncture, relaxing massage and physical exercises... Patients are advised to water sports and swimming in the pool. All this has a positive effect on the nervous system. Physiotherapy methods are often used, the most effective is electrosleep.

Forecast

Treatment of neurasthenia will be effective if you reconsider your own habits and lifestyle. Doctors often recommend taking a long break from work whenever possible and dedicating that time to changing your lifestyle. As well as drug treatment, good effect achieved during treatment in a sanatorium.

You can get rid of neurasthenia, but only by changing your own life. If the factor provoking psycho-emotional exhaustion is not eliminated, the disease will come back again and again.

Neurasthenia is quite common these days. type of psychological disorder, which can occur as a result of prolonged exposure to various psychologically traumatic factors, such as lack of sleep, constant stress at work and at home.

Not infrequently, physical overload or a previous infectious disease can be the cause.

Neurasthenia is difficult to diagnose due to the fact that it can perfectly disguise itself as other types of psychological disorders, such as depression or stress.

The main signs of the disease can be:

• high irritability;
• weakness;
• frequent headaches that do not stop over time;
• all kinds of other disorders of the vegetative-vascular system.

Most often, this type of psychological disorder affects men between the ages of 20 and 40. In turn, women are more resistant to neurasthenia.

Causes of neurasthenia

The causes of this type of neurosis may be the most various:

• it may be a common vitamin deficiency;
• transfer of any infectious diseases;
• continuous exposure to various kinds of mental stimuli;
• in some cases, the disease can even be caused by diabetes.

But, in spite of everything, the main causes of neurasthenia are still considered lack of strength due to lack of sleep, constant troubles associated with work or home, constantly arising stressful situations.

Very often as a cause of the onset of the disease highlight the discrepancy between psychological and physical capabilities, various physical overloads, lack of time for rest.

A huge role is played by various chronic diseases, mainly intoxication or diseases associated with the nervous system, for example.

But, despite this, neurasthenia can be caused by other reasons, which will differ in different patients.

Forms of neurasthenia

Neurasthenia is very diverse in terms of the course of the disease and the reasons that caused it. But there are several main types of this diseases:

1. Hypersthenic neurasthenia - This is a type of psychological disorder in which the patient has increased irritability. He begins to get angry and yell at relatives or colleagues who surround him.
2. Irritable weakness is the next phase of neurasthenia, which is manifested by the onset of high irritability to the entire environment, which is quickly replaced by psychological exhaustion. This type of disease is very typical for people with a choleric temperament.
3. Hyposthenic neurasthenia Is the third and last stage diseases but, in spite of this, can occur in the patient from the very beginning. Typical for suspicious and anxious people who have a very weak nervous system.

Symptoms and signs depending on the shape

Depending on the form of neurasthenia, it will have different symptoms, as in principle and treatment. Let's consider them below.

Hypersthenic neurasthenia

Hypersthenic neurasthenia is characterized by high excitability and emotional lability, this is manifested in the patient's intolerance, inability to restrain himself, or even in insulting the people around him.

Irritability can cause anything, be it noise, a large mass of people, any sound, the screams of children or the rapid movement of the patients themselves. Very often, patients experience a decrease in working capacity, but this is not due to the patient's fatigue, but rather to his increased scattering.

The patient cannot be focused for a long time, on any one thing, is constantly distracted, absent-minded, unable to withstand psychological stress necessary to complete the assigned tasks.

This can be repeated many times during the working day, and as a result, the person is not doing his job. Often patients with neurasthenia complain of sleep disturbance, constantly waking up at night and then unable to sleep, frequent nightmares.

This leads to a difficult morning awakening, a heavy head, an inability to collect thoughts. Possible discomfort in all parts of the body, oppressive pain in the head, memory impairment.

Irritable weakness

In case of irritable weakness the patient is often nervous, screams, irritated, but after that, he feels a strong weakness, which can develop into crying. Such a reaction in a patient can occur for a variety of reasons, even the most insignificant.

As in the case of hypersthenic neurasthenia, the patient cannot fully concentrate on work, is constantly distracted, feels lazy, tired, and while trying to concentrate, he immediately feels general weakness and inability to complete the task.

After a while, he may try again to get to work, but this ends in failure. And the constant repetition of these attacks leads only to complete exhaustion the patient.

Hyposthenic neurasthenia

Signs of hyposthenic neurasthenia, the third and also dangerous phase of the disease such:

• passivity;
• loss of mood;
• complete lack of interest in everything.

Often in this form of the disease, patients feel some kind of vague anxiety, a feeling of sadness, apathy.

Due to the constant feeling of fatigue and lethargy, the patient is completely unable to gather in order to start doing the work. All his attention is drawn to his internal problems, and thoughts about this only suppress him more.

With proper treatment, attacks in patients disappear, sleep is restored, and the feeling of fatigue disappears. Otherwise, the attacks intensify, and the general condition worsens.

Features of neurasthenia in women and men

As already noted, any person can be subject to neurasthenia, regardless of his status in society, age or gender.

Neurasthenia in women

Signs and symptoms of neurasthenia in women diseases will depend on on the stage of the disease, mental characteristics and other factors.

Basically, it can be both changeable irritability and feelings of sadness, anxiety. The agitated state of the patients is also characteristic, because of which they can get nervous and break down on others.

It can be caused by various factors such as bright light, conversation, loud noise, or physical discomfort.

The sick person cannot control his feelings distracted, which can lead to low mood and increased irritability.

Neurasthenia in men

Some of the signs of neurasthenia in men may be similar to those experienced by women, but with some differences.

So the man irritation may be less intenseand behavior to be more restrained.

A characteristic feature of the disease can be premature ejaculation, possible situational impotence, which is not associated with any physiological problems.

As in other cases, absent-mindedness, increased irritability, general weakness and other factors.

Neurasthenia in children

Symptoms of neurasthenia in children can appear in the first years of life and gradually develop. It can be caused by various factors:

• fear from the upcoming punishment;
• incorrect attitude of parents and teachers;
• constant bullying from others.

Neurasthenia is accompanied by vegetative-vascular disorders, scattered attention, deterioration in working capacity. But such problems are reversible with timely referral to a specialist.

Diagnostic techniques

When identifying any symptoms, you should definitely contact a specialist neurologist, which will further form the course of treatment.

The diagnostic process itself is based on the patient's symptoms and complaints.

Also for diagnostics, magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography is used to exclude possible damage to the cerebral cortex. It is also necessary to exclude the patient's organic diseases, such as infections or inflammations.

It is also necessary to remember that a timely visit to a doctor contributes to a quick recovery and the absence of any complications.

Video: Symptoms and treatment of neurasthenia

The therapist talks about neurasthenia, the symptoms and treatment of neurasthenia, also known as manager's syndrome.

Neurasthenia (asthenic neurosis) is a pathological condition that develops against the background of prolonged depletion of the nervous system. The causes of the condition are physical or mental exhaustion. It is obvious that the pathology is mainly formed in "loaded" people aged 30-40 years.

Asthenic neurosis is recorded in students, businessmen, programmers and other people whose activities are associated with the active work of the brain. In the practice of psychiatrists, there have even been cases when ingenious programmers developed schizophrenia over time. It would seem that to eliminate nervous exhaustion, it is enough to normalize the mode of work and rest. If a person regularly rests for at least 8 hours and does not overload the nervous system, then the likelihood of an illness is rather low. In an active rhythm modern life rare people can afford a good rest, so the frequency of neurasthenia increases.

Neurasthenic - who is he

Neurasthenic is a person suffering from asthenic neurosis. He often has the following symptoms:

• Strong headache;
• Soreness in the temporal region;
• Recurrent migraines;
• Mood swings.

Doctors distinguish a syndrome called "neurasthenic helmet". When it appears, treatment should be started. The neurasthenic, although he controls his condition, does not consider himself a sick person. It is really difficult to call more than 70% of the population sick.

Clinical experiments have proved that the "helmet" is a starting syndrome in which the treatment of the disease should already be started.

So which early signs neurasthenia:

1. Tachycardia (increased heart rate);
2. Headache;
3. Pressure in the temples;
4. Insomnia;
5. Sexual problems.

Headaches with illness create a feeling of strong squeezing of the brain, as if a squeezing helmet is on the head. If you do not start treatment of pathology when these symptoms occur, then more serious consequences of the disease will arise, which we will talk about later.

Now we just want to tell the readers that it is necessary to treat the nerves in the early stages, since all diseases arise from them.

Clinical classification of neurasthenia

Every doctor knows about the presence of three main forms of asthenic neurosis:

1. Hyposthenic;
2. Hypersthenic;
3. Annoying.