Today we will look at the main diseases of the hair and scalp, what are their causes and the main methods of treatment.

Hair diseases and internal discomfort

Hair loss, rapid and early baldness, dandruff that is difficult to remove, dermatological diseases of the scalp negatively affect the beauty of the hairstyle and force a person to experience internal discomfort.

Self-selected methods of restoring curls do not always bring the desired result, and the problem only gets worse.

To prevent this from happening, it is advisable to always seek help from a trichologist, the specialization of this doctor allows you to determine the main cause of the deterioration of the hair condition and on the basis of this, an appropriate course of therapy is already selected.

What Trichology studies

Trichology is considered a separate section of dermatology, the object of study of this science is the structure of the hair, its functioning and pathological changes leading to problems with curls.

Trichologists are engaged in diagnosing diseases of the scalp and the hair itself, developing methods of treatment and preventive measures.

Trichology is closely interconnected with such branches of medicine as dermatology, endocrinology, cosmetology, gastroenterology, immunology.

Such a close relationship is explained by the fact that the deterioration of the condition of the curls often occurs due to internal disorders, the correction of which requires an integrated approach to treatment.

Types of hair and scalp diseases

A conditional division of all diseases of the skin of the scalp and hair into four types is accepted:

1. Infectious and fungal diseases. Infections include head lice, which develops when a person is infected with head lice. Microsporia and trichophytosis are fungal infections skin.
2. Diseases caused by dysfunction of the sebaceous glands. The most common diseases in this category include seborrhea and dandruff.
3. Pathological hair loss. There are a huge number of reasons for excessive loss of curls and the determination of the main one in each case is considered the first step towards restoring the beauty of the hairstyle.
4. Hair shaft damage. Injury to the hair shaft occurs as a result of thermal, chemical and mechanical external influences.

Depending on the type of disease, not only trichologists, but also doctors of other specialties take part in the treatment of the patient.

A joint approach to eliminating the cause of the pathology and restoring the strength of the curls greatly increases the effectiveness of therapy.

Infectious and fungal hair diseases

Head lice develops as a result of the transmission of lice by contact and household means. Children are at high risk. Head lice bites are painful and itchy.

Scratching the skin causes secondary infections to occur, and scarring is possible on the skin.

In advanced cases, head lice leads to the appearance of purulent crusts on the head, to clumping of individual strands of hair due to pus and clutches of eggs.

The general manifestations of the disease include an increase in regional lymph nodes. Attaching a huge number of nits to the curls will damage the hair shaft.

Pediculosis is treated with special topical preparations. And it is imperative to remove nits and adult insects mechanically.

Microsporia

Or microsporosis is a fungal infection. Microsporum fungi are most often transmitted from sick people, less often from animals. The main category of patients is children, from whom their family members become infected.

The spreading rate of microsporia is one of the highest in comparison with others infectious diseases scalp.

The main signs of this disease are the formation of rounded areas on the scalp with clear boundaries.

The skin in these areas peels off, breaks off a few millimeters from the skin, and the remaining "hemp" is covered with a grayish bloom, which looks like mold.

There are almost no inflammatory changes in the affected area; over time, these areas become covered with purulent crusts.

Trichophytosis

Ringworm (trichophytosis) is a highly contagious and severe scalp lesion.

Fungal spores are transmitted through the use of personal belongings of a sick person or through direct contact with him.

The superficial form of ringworm is characterized by the appearance of foci of peeling of the skin, breaking off of hair at a distance of 2-6 mm from the follicles.

The size of the lesion reaches three centimeters, the skin in this place is most often swollen, inflamed and itchy, broken hair looks like black dots.

The infiltrative-purulent form of trichophytosis develops for about two months.

The initial signs are symptoms of intoxication, soreness and swelling of the lymph nodes, allergic rashes.

On the head, rounded spots are formed, surrounded by a clear inflamed corolla.

On this contour, bubbles and crusts with purulent contents may appear; in some patients, deformation of the nails is noted.

Treatment should be carried out in a short time, since the lesions tend to spread rapidly.

Favus (scab)

The main symptoms are the formation of yellowish crusts on the scalp and other parts of the body and an indentation in the middle.

In this center, hair often grows, if there is no treatment, then individual crusts merge with each other and extensive areas of body damage appear. ...

In advanced cases, the skin under the crusts atrophies and persistent baldness develops.

When the scalp is damaged, the curls lose their shine and strength, they are pulled out without difficulty, the remnants of the strands resemble tow.

Scab is most common among residents of the southern regions, and there are more children and women among sick people.

Sebaceous gland dysfunctions

Seborrhea

This is an inflammatory disease that occurs due to an increased secretion of sebum with a modified composition.

The main manifestations of seborrhea on the scalp are itching, flaking, redness of the skin, in advanced cases, hair falls out and baldness may develop.

Seborrhea is divided into dry and oily, treatment is selected by a trichologist or dermatologist.

Normalization of the scalp condition is achieved by antifungal systemic and local therapy, correction of the diet, excluding the causative factors of the disease.

Seborrheic dermatitis

A chronic inflammatory disease that develops due to the excessive multiplication of the yeast-like lipophilic fungus Pityrosporum ovale.

The disease proceeds as dermatitis with the formation of clearly defined spots of inflammation on the skin.

These lesions are red and prone to fusion, and the desquamated epidermis leads to the formation of a yellowish crust on the spots.

Seborrheic dermatitis most often involves the scalp, upper part trunk and face, that is, places with a large number of sebaceous glands.

The appearance of foci of inflammation on the head is often preceded by the formation of a large amount of dandruff.

Seborrheic dermatitis is one of the causes of hair loss, the growth of which is restored only with persistent remission of the disease.

The main treatment for the disease is a special hypoallergenic diet, the use of antimycotic drugs and a number of physiotherapy procedures.

Eczema of the scalp

The first appearance of eczema and subsequent exacerbations of this disease are associated with the activation of fungi from the genus Pitirosporum, and staphylococcus skin lesions are also called the cause of the disease.

These microorganisms can not always cause illness. Eczema of the scalp develops in people with allergic reactions to external stimuli, with diseases with a chronic course of the digestive system, with damage to the liver, kidneys, nervous and endocrine systems.

The main manifestations of eczema are the formation of rounded rashes in the form of plaques, spots, papules. Their appearance is accompanied not only by itching and burning, but also by pain.

Eczema on the head can occur simultaneously with seborrhea, in addition to the characteristic rashes, there is an increased dryness of the strands and skin.

Eczema not contagious disease... But to get rid of it, you first need to full examinationwhich will help to identify violations in work internal organs.

The term dandruff refers to the desquamation of the scalp epithelium, resulting in white or yellowish scales.

The formation of dandruff leads to an itchy scalp, hair becomes dry and dull, or becomes oily.

Dandruff often occurs with fungal infections of the skin, in patients with seborrhea, after severe psychoemotional stress, with hypovitaminosis, gastrointestinal pathologies.

You can also provoke its appearance by improper care of the scalp.

Dandruff of varying severity worries more than 70% of the world's population.

Treatment consists in careful care of the curls, in preventing the action of aggressive external influences and in the treatment of hair with drugs specially selected by the trichologist.

Dandruff not only impairs the appearance of curls, but is also one of the most frequent reasons their loss.

Hair shaft damage

Hair shaft injury occurs very often. Perm, the use of heat irons, flat curls, dyeing curls - all this damages the rod along its entire length.

Mechanical, thermal and chemical aggressive effects do not always provoke excessive loss of strands, but it becomes the main cause of increased hair fragility, damage to the ends, dryness, loss of elasticity.

Hair health also depends on a balanced diet, constant hygiene procedures, ecology, psycho-emotional background.

Shiny, strong and strong curls are not only external beauty, but also an indicator of internal health.

The term trichoclasia refers to increased fragility. The main cause of the anomaly is infections transmitted by the mother during pregnancy.

Trichoclasia is divided into two types:

Trichokinesis (twisted hair) - such an anomaly of the rod first becomes noticeable up to two years.

With this disease, the hair is coarse, of different lengths, tough, and practically devoid of natural shine. Some children have alopecia areata.

The damaged rod has flattened sections and grooves, bends around its axis at different angles. A weak degree of twist is most often a variant of the norm.

With pathology, the curls cannot be combed normally, they are constantly tangled and pulled out.

Trichokinesis is found mainly in girls. By about eight years old, the number of healthy hair increases, and twisted curls against their background become subtle.

Moniletrix

One of the most rare anomalies... Monilethrix manifests itself in the first months of life, it is not only affected hairy part heads, but also eyebrows, eyelashes and other places with hair.

The disease is characterized by the appearance of thinning and thickening on the hair shaft. Thickened areas look darker on light strands. ...

In areas of thinning, the hair breaks off, and therefore the hairline on the head rarely reaches more than one and a half centimeters in length.

With moniletrix, congenital changes in the innervation of the skin are noted, and this becomes the cause of deformation of the hair follicles.

Gradually, the curls become too dry, thinner and break. The disease is accompanied by the development of follicular hyperkeratosis.

Hair loss

Excessive hair loss is caused by various provoking factors. It can be both internal diseases and direct damage to the follicles.

In people of age, thinning hair is associated with age-related changes.

Alopecia

The term alopecia refers to progressive hair loss leading to partial or complete baldness. Alopecia are divided into, focal and.

The problem can affect both men and women, with this cosmetic defect most people after 50 years.

Baldness not only worsens the appearance, but also brings a lot of psycho-emotional experiences.

An effective treatment for alopecia is quite difficult to find without finding out the root cause of excessive hair loss. In some cases, a trichologist may prescribe the life-long use of a number of external agents to restore the thickness of the hairline.

Other hair diseases

Hypertrichosis

The term hypertrichosis in medicine means increased hair growth in different parts of the body - back, hips, forearms, abdomen, buttocks, chest. ...

Such hair growth is not caused by the action of androgens. The disease occurs in women and men, while another pathology with similar manifestations - hirsutism can only be in women.

The main causes of hypertrichosis:

• Congenital gene mutations resulting from the impact of adverse factors on the developing fetus;
• Long-term use of certain medications;
• Consequences of TBI.

Treatment is selected based on the data of hormonal and dermatological examination of a person.

If a effective drugs from hypertrichosis it is not possible to pick up, then the patient is offered the removal of unnecessary hair by the method of electrolysis.

IMPORTANT TO KNOW: and how to treat the disease.

Excessive greasiness of the curls occurs due to the increased activity of the sebaceous glands located in the scalp.

Oily curls almost always look untidy, oily, they become dirty easily and quickly, glued locks appear.

With oily hair, the problem does not even help to solve frequent washing scalp, and styling into a beautiful hairstyle is almost impossible.

With oily hair, a professional approach is required to eliminate the defect. It is necessary not only to consult a trichologist, but also to be examined by a gastroenterologist, dermatologist, endocrinologist.

Complex treatment consists in the use of special lotions, balms and shampoos.

The patient is prescribed physiotherapy - darsonvalization, mesotherapy, it is recommended to use phytoseeds, medicinal serums, masks.

Early gray hair is indicated by the appearance of a large number of gray hair before the age of 25 and discoloration of most of the curls before the age of 40.

The problem arises due to the disruption of the functioning of melanocytes, which in turn is caused by various internal changes in the body.

To stop early graying, you need to consult a trichologist in time, take tests to find out the indicators of trace elements and vitamins in the blood, and determine the ratio of thyroid hormones.

The process of discoloration of curls slows down after a course of head massage, by means of mesotherapy, masks and various hardware procedures help in this.

Hair with a diameter of less than 50 microns is considered thin. Such curls are extremely soft, they quickly get tangled, they are difficult to comb and they lack volume.

The thickness and density of hair is increased with the help of various ampoule preparations, serums, professional masks; mesotherapy and scalp massage give good results.

But in order to achieve a noticeable result, the help of a trichologist is required.

Hairdressers can also help solve the problem. Keratin prosthetics of curls, their lamination and extension make curls stronger, thicker and more attractive.

Loss of moisture inside the rod can be caused by improper coloration and thermal effects. In rare cases, this anomaly occurs with nodular trichoclasia.

It is possible to return the hair to its normal state only when the root cause of the changes is eliminated. Additionally, the trichologist prescribes the use of funds that enhance the moisture and strength of the curls. Pathological changes in the structure of the hair and diseases of the scalp have a specific reason for their appearance.

A complete examination will allow you to understand what caused the deterioration in the condition of the curls, and this, in turn, is the most important thing in the choice of drugs that help solve the cosmetic and dermatological problem.

Appearance is important for a person, since he is in society, communicates, and is engaged in various activities. Both a man and a woman with neatly styled and well-groomed hair look more attractive.

This is why we get so upset when our hair is not healthy. This is often associated with a scalp disorder. In such cases, it is necessary to establish the cause of the deterioration and take appropriate measures to correct the situation.

The skin, like any human organ, is exposed to internal and external factors... It requires a normal supply of nutrients and protection against bacterial and fungal infections.

If the hair looks bad, it often falls out or even in bunches, the scalp flakes, it may be an infection and treatment is necessary.

The main diseases of the scalp and hair arising from the defeat of a fungal infection:

• seborrheic dermatitis caused by the yeast Malassezia;
• lichen;
• white and black piedra (trichosporia);
• sporotrichosis;
• dermatomycosis.

The appearance of a rash on the scalp may be associated with external factors. A lesion like eczema bacterial infection, accompanied by the appearance of abscesses and requires complex treatment.

Seborrhea

The cause of this disease is a violation of the sebaceous glands on the head.

Dandruff appears due to insufficient release of fat through the pores or oily discharge, acne due to excess.

Types of seborrhea:

• oily;
• dry;
• combined.

It most often occurs during adolescence in girls. The causes of dry seborrhea can be a decrease in the body's immune functions, neurosis, malnutrition, hormonal changes.

Prolonged oily seborrhea in men can result in baldness. The source of pathology is often an increase in the level of androgens and, as a consequence, an increase in the secretion of fat from the sebaceous glands. In women, against the background of changes in the balance of androgens, progesterone and estrogens, seborrhea also develops.

In addition to the listed reasons, seborrhea can be caused by:

• parkinson's and Itsenko-Cushing's disease;
• psychoses, epilepsy;
• lack of biotin (vitamin H);
• abuse of anabolic steroids;
• sleeping sickness;
• long-term use of glucocorticosteroids.

The difference between seborrhea and seborrheic dermatitis lies in the very cause of the pathology. Dermatitis is caused by yeast-like fungi.

Normally, everyone has them, but any negative factors lead to active reproduction fungi, which causes the disease.

What measures need to be taken:

• get a consultation with a dermatologist;
• pass the necessary tests to make a diagnosis (blood for biochemistry and hormones, scraping of the skin);
• if there is a suspicion of hormonal disorders, it is necessary to carry out ultrasound procedure thyroid gland.

After the diagnosis is made, the patient is prescribed medications to combat the causes of the disease: antifungal drugs, compounds of selenium and sulfur, vitamins and others.

Psoriasis

A disease of a non-infectious nature associated with autoimmune processes in the body. It looks like red patches rising above the surface of the skin. and peels off.

The manifestations of a scalp disease, the photo of which clearly demonstrates their appearance, look like plaques. On the scalp, they become inflamed, and pain may occur due to scratching.

A coarse dermis must be treated with medication and topical treatments. Creams, ointments are used, vitamin complexes are taken. Research into the nature of psoriasis is still ongoing.

Various theories have been put forward about its causes:

• endocrine and metabolic disorders;
• genetic predisposition;
• failure in the body's immune system.

Some scientists adhere to the theory of the viral origin of psoriasis. But so far there are no reliable facts that would unequivocally confirm this version.

The doctor can use the following methods of dealing with psoriasis:

• medications for internal use;
• topical medicines in the form of ointments containing glucocorticosteroids, tar and vitamins;
• treatment with ultraviolet radiation;
• cryotherapy.

Psoriasis is a very common condition. Can flow in mild form, but under the influence of negative factors leads to serious consequences. If there is a danger of complications, in addition to the main treatment, doctors recommend refusing bad habits, eat right and avoid stressful situations Hair loss due to inflammation of the hair follicle

Hair loss due to inflammation of the hair follicle

When bacteria enter the hair follicle, it becomes inflamed. , turning into small greenish abscesses. They burst over time, dry out. In severe cases, boils appear.

Treatment of hair disease includes the application of compresses or lubrication with medications: salicylic, camphor alcohol, brilliant green. Healing shampoos, ointments and balms are used to help destroy the infection. Be sure to observe the rules of personal hygiene.

The scalp primarily suffers from the disease, but ears, chest, and shoulder blades can be affected. Outwardly, it looks like a red plaque with a yellowish or red color. Gradually, the spots can join, forming brown redness in the form of a wave. In severe cases, painful wounds are formed due to injury to the skin.

Adverse factors contribute to the onset of eczema:

• improper nutrition;
• alcohol abuse;
• exposure to chemicals;
• thermal burns;
• active reproduction of fungal microflora.

Eczema is more often manifested in people in whose family there was a similar disease.

Scalp treatment is quite long and is accompanied by the use of drugs, contributing to the elimination of lesions.

Pediculosis

If head lice is not treated in time, severe scratching may occur. Red spots, itching, flaking of scales appear on the head and neck. The surface of the skin is severely damaged.

In order not to suffer from the consequences of the disease, you need to be careful and minimize the risk of scalp diseases.

It is rather difficult to treat hair diseases, especially if they are of a fungal nature. The lengthy process is compounded by the difficulty in making a diagnosis.

The identified pathogenic factor can be difficult to influence. Tips for hair care and skin disease prevention include the following:

• observance of the rules of personal hygiene, which means using only your comb. You cannot wear someone else's hats. Clothing and personal hygiene items may contain pathogens;
• too frequent shampooing is not recommended. Hair care cosmetics should not contain aggressive ingredients. Correct selection of shampoo, balm will eliminate the need for further treatment procedures;
• it is advisable to take vitamins and monitor the diet. A painful condition associated with malnutrition and gastrointestinal upset leads to poor absorption nutrients... Pathologies such as anorexia, bulimia, chronic diarrhea, are the cause of hair loss, since human organs do not receive enough nutrients.

Conclusion

When the first signs of a pathological process appear in the body, you cannot postpone a visit to the doctor. It is necessary to correctly identify the factors causing hair loss and undergo the necessary treatment.

It is necessary to get rid of stress, neuroses, depression and others mental disorders... Neuropsychic pathologies lead to hormonal changes. In severe cases, hair can even fall out in tufts.

The reasons for the development of seborrhea include:

The provoking factors of hyperkeratosis include:

• pathology of internal organs;
• violation of the functionality of the liver;
• availability diabetes mellitus;
• violation of the thyroid gland;
• blood pathology;
• diseases of the ichthyosis group.

The reasons for the development of head lice include:

• hyena non-compliance;
• use of common hairbrushes;
• visiting a bath or sauna where an infected person bathed.

Microsporia infection occurs under the following conditions:

• contact with a sick person or animal;
• avitaminosis;
• unbalanced diet;
• decreased immunity;
• violation sanitary standards;
• excessive sweating of the skin;
• damage to the skin of a mechanical nature;
• the presence of chronic pathologies;
• exposure to environmental conditions (humid and hot climate).

The trigger mechanism for trichophytosis is:

The causes of scab are:

• contact with an infected person or animal;
• use of contaminated items;
• failure of the immune system;
• lack of protein foods in the diet;
• vitamin deficiency.

The causes of eczema can be:

In the role of provocateurs the appearance of dandruff are:

• not proper care behind the hair;
• frequent use of a hair dryer;
• abuse of hair cosmetics;
• lack of personal hygiene;
• glitch in metabolic processes;
• stomach pathology;
• dysfunction of the pancreas;
• the presence of a fungus;
• genetic factor;
• features of the skin structure.

Causes of alopecia:

• cancers;
• thermal and chemical influences;
• heredity;
• diseases of an autoimmune nature.

The reasons for the development of scleroderma include:

The reasons for the development of psoriasis include:

• genetic predisposition;
• violation of the immune system;
• stress;
• infectious diseases;
• HIV infection.

Descriptions of the causes of trichological diseases:

• metabolic and hormonal disorders;
• the habit of constantly scratching, touching the head;
• insufficient care of the skin;
• stress, depression;
• mental and physical fatigue;
• lack of a balanced diet;
• non-observance of the rules of hygiene and sanitation;
• infections;
• using inappropriate hygiene products;
• unhealthy Lifestyle;
• abuse of cosmetic and hairdressing products: long-term perm, hair sprays, coloring, etc.
• bad ecology;
• tissue damage;
• violation of security measures in transport and public areas;
• wearing tight elastic bands, headbands, warm hats at a comfortable temperature.

Often, dermatological diseases of the scalp are provoked by a frivolous or negligent attitude towards health, as well as a person's failure to follow safety measures when contacting strangers. But how is the disease treated? Using medications, lifestyle changes can help get rid of the problem, and in case of genetic causes or chronic diseases, it can significantly ease the course of the disease.

Stages and degrees of skin diseases in the scalp

1. Seborrhea is a chronic dermatological disease. Pathology of the initial degree is characterized by damage to the skin folds, the appearance of rashes and peeling. There is also a disorder of the digestive tract, which manifests itself in regurgitation and loose stools.

2. In the second stage, the pathology spreads to the skin, creating a greasy crust.

Sometimes the disease provokes the development of:

1. The third stage of seborrhea is rare. The basis of the disease is a malfunction of the internal organs

Hyperkeratosis of the scalp develops gradually. However, without treatment, pathology can provoke baldness. In the first stage, the skin becomes dry and begins to flake off.

The second stage is characterized by hair loss. The third stage is characterized by thickening of the epidermis, on which growths from keratinized cells develop. This process is irreversible, as hair follicles die.

At the initial stage of head lice, itching of the scalp is noted. In advanced cases, lice bites provoke the development of pus-filled crusts, as well as clumping of hair strands due to pus and a large accumulation of nits.

The development rate of microsporia is very high. If on initial stages itching and flaking of the scalp is noted, then at the later stages of the disease, rounded areas are formed that have clear boundaries.

The superficial course of ringworm is characterized by the development of areas of peeling of the skin, brittle hair. The skin in this area becomes swollen, inflamed. The patient complains of constant itching. Broken hair appears as black dots.

In the initial stages of scab, redness of the scalp is noted. Small pustules develop. In the later stages of the disease, in the absence of therapy, yellowish crusts in the form of shields are formed, which resemble a honeycomb.

The crusts begin to coalesce and form extensive lesions. The skin under the crusts begins to atrophy, which provokes baldness. The curls lose shine and strength, the hair begins to fall out. The rest of the hair looks like tow.

Eczema can run alongside seborrhea. At the initial stage, papules and spots are formed. With the development of the disease, dry skin and brittle hair develop.

Genetic factor - the cause of early alopecia, hair sores on the head, in men

1. Progressive phase. With her, it is noted:

• peeling;
• the appearance of plaques;
• bleeding;
• dandruff.

2. At the intermediate stationary stage, itching ceases to bother the patient. The plaques become horny. Redness of the edges of the neoplasms becomes less pronounced.

Early symptoms psoriasis can be treated with folk remedies!

3. In the regressive phase, peeling practically stops. The pigmentation may disappear. The patient's well-being becomes optimal.

Alopecia

Everyone knows that hair can fall out in different ways: you can pick strands from the combs and pillows a couple of times a year, or you can lose them in clumps, from under which the scalp will be exposed. The latter case in everyday life is called baldness, in medicine - alopecia.

This is an intensely passing hair loss, which one way or another, but leads, indeed, to baldness - partial or complete. Such a pathology is associated either with age-related changes in the body, or with serious internal diseases, without the treatment of which it is impossible to get rid of such a misfortune.

Trichologists distinguish several types of disease:

• diffuse alopecia - hair becomes rare and thin on the entire surface of the head;
• alopecia areata - areas of complete absence of hair are formed on the head;
• androgenic alopecia - baldness dictated by elevated level in the blood of male sex hormones;
• total alopecia - complete absence of hair on the head, i.e. the person is bald.

These diseases of the scalp are most often susceptible to men and women in adulthood, although in severe diseases, after undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy, young people suffer from alopecia, very young.

Any type of baldness is a very unpleasant cosmetic defect that can cause serious psychological trauma (especially for young girls and young women).

In order not to bring the matter to such a serious condition, at the first symptoms of the disease, it is necessary to seek professional help from trichologists, who will identify the cause of alopecia, and determine the type of pathology, and prescribe treatment.

Frequent illness scalp - hair loss. He is more likely to be mature men and women. Alopecia is a common name for dermatological conditions associated with hair loss.

Varieties of the disease:

• cicatricial;
• focal;
• diffuse;
• seborrheic;
• not cicatricial;
• androgenic.

The problem can be genetic, psychological, physiological. In most cases, the disease can be completely cured or symptoms can be stopped.

Symptoms of skin diseases in the scalp

Sores on the head in the hair, the causes of which only a dermatologist can correctly determine, have certain signs depending on the species.

With the oily form, the following symptoms are noted:

The following features are inherent in the liquid form:

• loss of hair shine;
• greasy hair;
• bonding strands.

The dry form is accompanied by:

• skin irritation;
• peeling;
• brittle hair;
• the appearance of dandruff;
• itching.

As a rule, patients develop a mixed type of disease.

With a mixed form, there is:

• oily skin in the area of \u200b\u200bthe nasolabial triangle;
• pore clogging;
• dryness in the cheeks.

With hyperkeratosis, the following are noted:

• the presence of small pimples and bumps of a dark red color;
• roughness on the scalp;
• fragility of hair.

With head lice, the following are noted:

• itchy skin in the area of \u200b\u200bthe ears, temples and the back of the head;
• the appearance of a rash in the form of red dots;
• enlarged lymph nodes on the head;
• suppuration at the site of scratching.

Symptoms of microsporia include:

With trichophytosis, the following signs are distinguished:

• hair loss and brittleness;
• the formation of red spots that eventually become burgundy;
• black spots on the head;
• swelling;
• discharge from spots of liquid with an admixture of pus;
• peeling of the skin.

When scab is noted:

• development of small pustules;
• redness of the scalp;
• loss of hair shine;
• thinning hair.

With eczema, manifest:

• eruptions in the form of round plaques;
• burning;
• pain.

Dandruff symptoms include:

Alopecia is characterized by hair loss.

Symptoms of scleroderma include:

• the presence of rounded foci of inflammation on the scalp;
• baldness;
• cessation of sweating;
• secretion of sebum.

Symptoms of psoriasis include:

• the presence of red or purple plaques;
• bleeding of the skin;
• peeling;
• dandruff;
• hair loss.

Oily seborrhea

It occurs due to the disruption of the sebaceous glands, and, as a result, their pathologically high activity. With the disease, the risk of the disease is increased in adult men over 30 years of age.

The catalyst can be:

• infection with a variety of yeast,
• lack of vitamins
• tendency to increased fat content of the skin,
• the presence of endocrine diseases;
• eating disorder;
• prolonged or intense stress;
• metabolic disorders;
• genetic predisposition;
• insufficient scalp care.

With a skin ailment, an oily sheen is observed, giving the impression that the hair is dirty or damp. Also characterized by an increase in hair stiffness, deterioration of their elasticity. After washing, the patient may notice the appearance of yellowish dandruff, sticking together the strands.

The same factors cause this ailment as oily seborrhea. However, this disease has features:

• significant drying of the scalp;
• the appearance of a large amount of dandruff;
• feeling of severe itching.

Dandruff can be of different shades, the deterioration of the hair condition progresses. In some cases, the patient may aggravate the situation by scratching the dry scalp until bleeding wounds or ulcers appear. Both types of seborrhea give in successful treatment.

Sometimes dandruff and seborrhea are called the same disease, using these words synonymously. However, dandruff is just the cause of a more serious and sufficient severe scalp disease - seborrheic dermatitis.

This is a pathological malfunction of the sebaceous glands of the head, which are located near the hair follicles and secrete subcutaneous fat, the functions of which are very important for the health of the scalp and appearance hair.

It protects curls from external aggressors in the form of ultraviolet radiation and low temperatures, moisturizes, gives a natural shine. However, if the glands begin to produce too much or, conversely, very little, the consequences are the most sad.

Symptoms of this scalp disease can include the following:

• whole areas of greasy, shiny, shiny skin are formed on the head;
• hair quickly becomes dirty, becomes greasy within a few hours after shampooing;
• a lot of dandruff appears;
• the scalp is inflamed and may not just itch, but hurt in the literal sense of the word;
• slight itching of the scalp gradually develops into a great desire to comb it until it bleeds;
• hair may begin to fall out.

The consequences of seborrhea do not bode well for the sick person, because among them:

1. Difficult to treat and very painful pustular diseases scalp;
2. A scattering of acne vulgaris;
3. Constant physical discomfort in the form of itching of the scalp;
4. A cosmetic defect that cannot be removed by any hair care product

Treatment of this scalp disease is prescribed by a trichologist, based on the individual characteristics of the patient's body and the reasons that provoked the development and progression of seborrhea.

Complex therapy includes a hypoallergenic diet, a course of antimycotic treatment, physiotherapy procedures (darsonvalization, cryomassage). This treatment is effective for both types of seborrheic dermatitis - oily and dry.

Oily seborrhea is an ailment that occurs due to a dysfunction of the sebaceous glands and a pathological increase in their activity.

All the features of this disease are given below:

1. Men over 30 are at risk. The causative agent is a specific type of yeast, but prolonged experience of stressful situations, a tendency to increased fat content of the skin, the presence of endocrine diseases, a lack of vitamins, impaired metabolism, poor heredity or absence can also provoke the onset of the disease proper hair care.
2. The main symptom is the presence of an unhealthy oily sheen that always makes the hairstyle look dirty or damp. Even after washing, there is a quick formation of yellowish oily dandruff, which sticks together the strands. There is also a thick form of oily seborrhea, which is characterized by an increase in the rigidity of the hairline and a deterioration in its elasticity.
3. Antifungal shampoos are used for treatment, but this measure alone is not enough. It will be necessary to carry out diagnostics and find out the main reasons for the appearance of this ailment, which will prevent possible relapses.
4. Effective prevention compliance with the rules and norms of personal hygiene, right choice products for washing your hair, quitting bad habits and managing healthy way life, ensuring a balanced and complete diet, maintaining the immune system in good condition and taking preventive vitamin complexes.

Dry seborrhea occurs for the same reasons as the oily variety, but this disease has its own individual characteristics:

1. The main symptom is severe dryness of the skin, which leads to flaking of the scalp and the appearance of a large amount of dandruff, its color can be different. Against the background of the formation of dandruff, severe itching gradually begins to be felt and a general deterioration in the condition of the hair is observed.
2. For the treatment of dry seborrhea is used complex therapywhich will consist in the use of antifungal drugs and shampoos with a moisturizing effect to restore water balance... Physiotherapeutic procedures, including cryotherapy, mesotherapy or cryomassage, can be prescribed by the decision of the specialist. In the most advanced and difficult situations, hormonal-type pharmacological drugs are prescribed and medicines from high level zinc content.
3. Preventive measures are exactly the same as for oily seborrhea.

Diagnosis of skin diseases in the scalp

Sores on the head in the hair, the causes of which depend on the type of disease, require careful diagnosis.

Diagnostics involves:

• collection of anamnesis;
• visual inspection;
• research of hair and blood in laboratory conditions.

Hardware diagnostics are also used. The scalp is examined by means of special devices equipped with a video camera with a microscope. The camera image is displayed on a computer monitor.

Computer diagnostics is able to display:

• changes in the structure of the hair follicle;
• disruption of the sebaceous glands;
• the presence of hair loss,
• the presence of a skin disease.

Phototrichogram allows you to track the pathology in dynamics. An accurate diagnosis can be made with this method.

It allows you to evaluate:

By means of spectral analysis of the hairline, a study of trace elements is carried out at the microscopic level, which makes it possible to detect an imbalance of trace elements in the hair, to detect damage from poisons and chemicals.

The cost of an examination in Moscow ranges from 400 to 10,000 rubles, depending on the type of diagnostic procedure. In Samara, this service will cost from 600 to 7000 rubles.

Psoriasis

The situation with psoriasis is much more complicated, since this disease, although it does not pose a threat to human life, often goes into a chronic phase and violates the aesthetics of appearance.

All its main features are discussed in more detail below:

1. There are various forms of psoriasis, but the main symptom is always the appearance of noticeable patches covered with easily detachable scales, which are usually grayish or white in color.
2. The factors that can provoke this disease are: an excessive increase in the load on the central nervous system; eating disorders; suffered injuries; frequent hypothermia; tendency to an allergic reaction and its exacerbation.
3. In the initial stages, psoriasis can be cured by treating the affected areas with various ointments, which include one of the following components: salicylic acid, zinc oxide or tar. In all other cases, experts prescribe the intake of potent pharmacological drugs for oral administration. Medication therapy usually includes sedatives, corticosteroids and vitamin complexes.

Factors that increase the risk of developing or recurring psoriasis:

• genetic predisposition;
• eating disorder;
• frequent hypothermia;
• infection with infectious diseases;
• allergic reactions;
• excessive stress on the central nervous system;
• neglect of personal hygiene;
• suffered injuries or illnesses;
• decreased immunity.

The reasons for the manifestation of psoriasis are not clear. It was found that the risk of the disease increases to 25%, that one of the person's parents was diagnosed with psoriasis. The indicator increases to 75%. Have healthy parents the risk of having a baby with psoriasis is no more than 17%. It has also been proven, but not deeply studied, the relationship between the state of the central nervous system and the development of psoriasis; with the stabilization of the psychological state, significant improvements are observed in patients.

When to see a doctor

Sores on the head in the hair require competent advice from a specialist. Only a doctor can establish the cause of the pathology. If you have a problem with the scalp, you should contact a trichologist. The doctor will conduct appropriate studies and prescribe a therapy regimen.

You should contact a trichologist in the following cases:

An appeal to a trichologist is also necessary if inflammation in the form of pads filled with pus is visually traced. This indicates the pathology of the hair follicle.

Ringworm

One of the most common infectious diseases that significantly affects the scalp. Scalp lesions are caused by a type of fungus. It has been found that people with vitamin A deficiency are more susceptible to the disease.

The causes of the disease:

• violation of personal hygiene rules;
• contact with a carrier of lichen: an animal or person;
• using contaminated personal hygiene items;
• serious damage to the skin;
• a significant decrease in immunity.

Incubation period lasts up to four days. Symptoms: The scalp is covered with red or pink ring-shaped spots and severe itching is present. The success of the treatment depends largely on the patient and their lifestyle.

Ringworm is an infectious disease that affects the scalp and is caused by a specific type of fungus.

Symptoms, causes and ways of getting rid of the disease are described below:

1. Infection most often occurs through direct contact with infected warm-blooded animals, people, or their personal hygiene items.
2. Factors that increase the risk of infection: a lack of vitamin A in the body, systematic contact with an infected person, poor personal hygiene, a poor immune system and the presence of serious damage to the skin.
3. The incubation period is no more than 3-4 days, after which the main symptoms begin to be observed: the appearance of characteristic spots in the form of rings of a reddish or pinkish color, while an itching sensation is felt in the affected areas.
4. When the first signs of the disease appear, urgent action is needed, since otherwise the disease can become chronic. Therapy usually consists of oral administration funds with antifungal components, such as "Lamisil", as well as local treatment. High degree efficiency show sulfur-tar ointments, alcohol solutions iodine and preparations containing salicylic acid. Often, additional treatment of the affected hair is required, adherence to a diet and the intake of vitamin and mineral complexes, which can improve the state of immunity and the body's natural resistance.

Prevention of skin diseases in the scalp

TO preventive measures include:

Microsporia

Microsporia is another fungal disease that simultaneously affects the scalp and scalp, and in the most severe cases, also the nail plates.

All the features of the course and treatment of this ailment are given below:

1. Children aged 5-12 years are at risk, microsporia occurs in adults only in rare cases. This is due to the high concentration of organic acids in the hair, which does not allow the pathogenic fungus to actively multiply.
2. The lesions from which the lesions spread are most often located at the crown or temples. Their size is usually no more than 2-5 cm, and the borders have clear rounded outlines. The first symptom is peeling of the skin in the affected areas, but after a week the fungus also affects the hair, which becomes too brittle and begins to crumble after numerous mechanical damage... Sometimes there are forms of microscopy in which swelling occurs and inflammatory processes purulent type, due to which soft blue-red nodes appear on the head.
3. For the treatment of microsporia, 5% iodine tincture is usually used, as well as various ointments containing salicylic acid, tar or sulfur. The peculiarities of therapy depend on the form of the disease and the specifics of its course; antibiotics for oral administration are often additionally prescribed.

Another common dermatological ailment of the scalp. In advanced cases, nails also suffer. Children 5-12 years old are more often infected with the disease. Adults almost usually do not suffer from microsporia due to physiological characteristics: a high concentration of organic acids in the hairline, which inhibit the reproduction of the fungus.

In rare cases, the disease is accompanied by the appearance of edema and inflammation of a purulent type, the appearance of blue-red nodules.

Treatment of scalp diseases

Depending on the type of disease affecting the scalp, various treatments are used.

For fungal diseases, it is advisable to use special shampoos, whose action is aimed at eliminating the symptoms of fungal activity and improving the condition of the skin. The following antifungal agents can be noted:

• Shampoo Nizoral, the use of which can reduce pain and eliminate itching, as well as get rid of flaking;
• Dermazole, which can also be used to treat seborrheic dermatitis;
• Cynovitis. It acts on the skin and improves the functioning of the sebaceous glands. It is also used for various types of dermatitis.

Use antifungal agents in the same way as regular shampoos. Depending on the disease, as well as the type of shampoo chosen, the course of treatment can last from 3 days to 2 weeks.

In the presence of dermatological diseases of the scalp, it is imperative to consult a trichologist who will determine the correct course of treatment. Its duration, as well as the methods of therapy used, will depend on the reasons that led to the development of the disease.

After the examination and diagnosis, the doctor will determine why the scalp is giving you so many problems and will tell you how to proceed. Appropriate treatment will be prescribed depending on the disease.

Any fungus of the scalp is treated primarily with medication with systemic antifungal drugs. Despite their high efficiency, they are toxic, therefore they have many contraindications: cancer, blood diseases, impaired metabolism, vascular pathology of the extremities.

Usually, in such cases, Clotrimazole, Miconazole, Griseofulvin, various keratolytic agents (both tablets and ointments), all kinds of local drugs (antifungal balms and shampoos) are prescribed. Treatment of fungal diseases of the scalp usually lasts more than one month. Sometimes antibiotics and hormone-containing drugs are even prescribed.

If one of the dermatitis has been diagnosed, the treatment of hair and scalp is comprehensive and is aimed primarily at eliminating the symptoms of the disease. The patient is advised to normalize the diet (there are more foods that contain a lot of zinc, selenium, vitamins A, B, C). Antifungal drugs are prescribed (Nizoral, Mycozoral, Sebozol, Nizorex).

With head lice, it will be enough to carry out a scalp treatment at home, involving external treatment. In pharmacies today there is a fairly wide selection of drugs for the treatment of this disease. Use Permitrin, Para-plus, Spray-Pax, Nittifor, Medifox, A-Par and other similar drugs.

With folliculitis, home treatment will no longer be limited. The specialist must open all the formed purulent pustules and remove pus from there. Ichthyol ointment is often used. In the most severe cases, antibiotic therapy is used and complex treatment with supportive immunotherapy.

If you have been diagnosed with similar diseases of the scalp, when contacting specialists, a properly selected course of treatment will allow you to get rid of them as soon as possible. To avoid all this trouble and not get poisoned medications, you need to be able to properly care for the scalp.

Pathologies bring discomfort to the patient, psychological problems provoke the development of complexes. At an early stage, it is possible to cure pathologies. The later stages take on a protracted chronic nature.

Therapy of the scalp is carried out through medications, vitamin complexes, hormonal preparations. Also apply folk remedies and physiotherapy treatments.

Favus

A disease of fungal nature, its more familiar name is "scab". Symptoms: dry and hard crusts on the scalp, thick at the edges, but sinking towards the center. The middle of the lesion may be covered with fine hair. It is accompanied by itching and an unpleasant odor in the affected area. The crusts are difficult to separate, the skin is injured, bleeding begins. With favus, the hair dulls, becomes thinner, becomes brittle and is easily separated from the skin (for example, when combing).

Transfer methods:

• through contact with a sick animal or person;
• when using infected items.

The risk group includes people with reduced immunity, an unfavorable lifestyle, volunteers, and animal breeders. The doctor can determine how to treat the scab, after taking an analysis and acute.

Eczema

Eczema has many different forms, the scalp usually affects the seborrheic variety.

This disease has many forms, but it is the scalp that most often suffers from the seborrheic variety. Description: the appearance of yellowish plaques of different sizes, hair loss. The plaques gradually dry out, crust over and begin to flake off.

Factors provoking or aggravating the disease:

Skin diseases in this case can be chronic and exacerbate during stress, contact with caustic substances, and also be a reaction to a new hygiene product.

Pediculosis

Most often, lice are localized in the scalp in humans. However, they can spread to the groin area, live in clothes, or mix up the body. Often, the disease is not noticed, attributing the appearance of bites to mosquitoes. Symptoms: tactile sensations (someone is crawling on the body), hair movement, itchy red and puffy bites.

With an advanced case of head lice or with the characteristics of the patient's body, it may increase the lymph nodesdeep combs appear, threatening infectious diseases.

All the features of the course of head lice and treatment for it are discussed below:

This is a purulent infection of the skin, the head and other parts of the human body suffer. It can be provoked by bacteria or fungus, in order to prescribe adequate treatment, it is necessary to establish the nature of folliculitis. The risk group includes people living in hot climates or unsanitary conditions. The lesion affects the area near the hair follicle, then a purulent pustule forms.

Skin diseases, for the most part, indicate a disruption in the work of the whole organism. Therefore, it is extremely important to apply for medical help for an accurate diagnosis and adequate treatment.

Folliculitis is a purulent lesion of the skin that can affect not only the head, but also other parts of the body.

The features of this disease are discussed below:

1. At risk are people living in countries with hot climates or unsanitary conditions.
2. The lesions are located near the hair follicles, the formation of pustules with pus inside occurs. After opening, a small ulcer remains, which soon becomes covered with a crust consisting of a mixture of blood and pus. It usually takes about a week for complete convergence, after peeling off the crust, a scar may remain in its place.
3. Treatment is prescribed depending on the form and causes of folliculitis. With a bacterial lesion, antibiotics are prescribed, with a herpetic ailment, acyclovir is prescribed, and with a fungal type, special antifungal drugs are prescribed. In more difficult cases, potent drugs are prescribed, but at the initial stage, it is enough to treat the affected areas with green or fucarcinum.

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Hair Diseases: 8 Most Common Scalp Diseases

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A brief overview of what diseases of the hair and scalp are very common today, the causes of their occurrence, salon and folk methods treatment, the role of trichology in life modern man. Helpful information about when to sound the alarm and how to tell one hair disease from another.

Hair is not a separate, independent organ. This is nothing more than an appendage of the skin - this fact explains the direct dependence of hair on the health of the scalp. She, in turn, reflects, as if in a mirror, all the failures of internal organs: weakened the immune system, the stomach worked incorrectly, the nerves lost - all this affects the condition of the hair, which begins to get sick. To chop, fall out, become covered with a greasy sheen and dandruff, thin, break - many different misfortunes fall to their lot.

In such situations diseases of the hair and scalp cannot always be treated on their own, the help of specialists is required. There is a separate branch of medicine - trichology ("the doctrine of hair"), which studies the structure, diseases, growth, protection, nutrition of hair and scalp.

It is the trichologists who should be contacted if there are problems on this issue. An overview of the most frequent, topical, common scalp diseases today will help determine what is wrong with the hair, why it began to hurt, and how it is treated.

Alopecia / baldness

Everyone knows that hair can fall out in different ways: you can pick strands from the combs and pillows a couple of times a year, or you can lose them in clumps, from under which the scalp will be exposed. The latter case is called baldness in everyday life, in medicine -.

This is an intensely passing hair loss, which one way or another, but leads, indeed, to baldness - partial or complete. Such a pathology is associated either with age-related changes in the body, or with serious internal diseases, without the treatment of which it is impossible to get rid of such a misfortune.

Trichologists distinguish several types of disease:

• diffuse alopecia - hair becomes thin on the entire surface of the head;
• alopecia areata - areas of complete absence of hair are formed on the head;
• androgenic alopecia - baldness, dictated by an increased level of male sex hormones in the blood;
• total alopecia - complete absence of hair on the head, i.e. the person is bald.

These diseases of the scalp are most often susceptible to men and women in adulthood, although in severe diseases, after undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy, young people suffer from alopecia, very young.

Any type of baldness is a very unpleasant cosmetic defect that can cause serious psychological trauma (especially for young girls and young women).

In order not to bring the matter to such a serious condition, at the first symptoms of the disease, it is necessary to seek professional help from trichologists, who will identify the cause of alopecia, and determine the type of pathology, and prescribe treatment.

Dropping out

Every woman at least once in her life encounters trouble when she has to collect hair that has fallen out in shreds throughout the house: not only from a comb, but also from pillows, armchairs, bathtubs, clothes and other places with which hair comes in contact.

Loss of strands is not alopecia, although it may well lead to it in especially neglected conditions. This is a gradual and less intense hair loss process that can be caused by a variety of factors and circumstances.

Trichologists call the causes of this hair disease:

• vitamin deficiency - a shortage (most often seasonal) of the body of micro- and macroelements, vitamins;
• side effect of prolonged or illiterate use of certain medications;
• hormonal disorders;
• all kinds of infectious diseases;
• glitch in nervous system (constant stress, protracted depressive states, nervous breakdowns);
• a hereditary factor can also cause illness;
• defective, improper hair, scalp care.

To heal this disease and not to bring the matter to alopecia, you must first determine what was the reason for its development. After that, you need to do your best to eliminate this provoking factor from your life.

Only then can you start treatment as prescribed by a trichologist, make homemade masks against hair loss and to strengthen the roots

This will completely restore the hair on the head and no longer return to this problem.

Dandruff

Dandruff is becoming a disease of the 21st century, a scourge of modern man, from which sometimes even the most modern and effective, expensive and branded remedies cannot save. This is a kind of peeling of the epithelium of the head, when, due to intense flaking of the skin, grayish-white scales are formed - dead cells that crumble from the head at the most inopportune moments.

Dandruff is not an independent scalp disease: it is just a symptom of various internal malfunctions in the body. The modern generation does not differ in health, therefore trichologists are sounding the alarm: today, about 75% of the total population fall ill with dandruff.

The reasons can be very different:

• hypothermia not only of the whole organism as a whole, but in particular - of the scalp (this applies to those who walk without a headdress in the cold);
• frequent use of thermal tools for hair - hairdryer, iron, tongs;
• weakened immunity;
• poor-quality headgear material (synthetics);
• avitaminosis;
• skin reaction to improperly selected or poor-quality hair cosmetics;
• inadequate, unhealthy nutrition (a large number of fast foods, fatty foods, marinades, spicy foods, alcoholic and carbonated drinks);
• disturbances in the work of the stomach;
• neuroses, chronic stress, constant depression;
• changes in the hormonal background (during puberty, menopause, pregnancy, while taking hormonal drugs).

Most of the reasons depend on the lifestyle that a person leads. At the first sign of illness, it is recommended to seriously think about proper hair and scalp care. Treatment can be at home, if it is still possible to correct it (normalize nutrition, give up bad habits, choose suitable scalp care products).

But with an advanced disease, it will be more useful to seek help from a trichologist.

He will advise on treatment procedures, among which the most effective are cryomassage and physiotherapy.

Seborrhea

Sometimes dandruff is called the same disease, using these words as synonyms. However, dandruff is just the cause of a more serious and sufficient severe scalp disease - seborrheic dermatitis.

This is a pathological malfunction of the sebaceous glands of the head, which are located near the hair follicles and secrete subcutaneous fat, the functions of which are very important for the health of the scalp and the appearance of the hair.

It protects curls from external aggressors in the form of ultraviolet radiation and low temperatures, moisturizes, gives a natural shine. However, if the glands begin to produce too much or, conversely, very little, the consequences are the most sad.

Symptoms of this disease scalp can manifest in the following:

• whole areas of greasy, shiny, shiny skin are formed on the head;
• hair quickly becomes dirty, becomes greasy within a few hours after shampooing;
• a lot of dandruff appears;
• the scalp is inflamed and may not just itch, but hurt in the literal sense of the word;
• slight itching of the scalp gradually develops into a great desire to comb it until it bleeds;
• hair may begin to fall out.

The consequences of seborrhea do not bode well for the sick person, because among them:

1. Difficult to treat and very painful pustular diseases of the scalp;
2. A scattering of acne vulgaris;
3. Constant physical discomfort in the form of itching of the scalp;
4. A cosmetic defect that cannot be removed by any hair care product

Treatment of this scalp disease is prescribed by a trichologist, based on the individual characteristics of the patient's body and the reasons that provoked the development and progression of seborrhea.

Complex therapy includes a hypoallergenic diet, a course of antimycotic treatment, physiotherapy procedures (darsonvalization, cryomassage). This treatment is effective for both types of seborrheic dermatitis - oily and dry.

Cross section

Many people think that split ends are nothing more than a cosmetic defect that goes away on its own and does not require any treatment. This opinion is erroneous, because hair that begins to chop anywhere on its shaft is a disease that is familiar to trichologists. This disease manifests itself most often against the background of excessive dry hair.

In this case, one can observe a variety of symptoms:

• lifeless, dull look of hair;
• splitting strands along the entire length, and not just the ends;
• severe confusion that complicates the combing process;
• weakening and thinning of hair;
• fragility, as well as the loss of strands accompanying the disease, is more correct to consider as a consequence of split ends, and not its symptoms.

Like the treatment of other diseases of the scalp and hair, you need to get rid of cuts, excluding from your life the unfavorable factors that could provoke this disease.

This can be constant stress, uncontrolled medication, poor nutrition, abuse of a hairdryer, poor-quality staining, frequent perms, washing your hair with chlorinated water. If you try to get rid of this kit and give your hair the right care, chances are you will never have to deal with split ends.

Fragility

Dry, dehydrated hair is also far from the cosmetic defect that everyone considers these misfortunes to be. In trichology, there is even a scientific term for these phenomena: professionals call this disease trichoclasia.

It is also either a sure symptom of some internal pathologies and diseases, or a consequence of neglect of one's own curls. The congenital form of the disease (the so-called nodular trichoclasia) is diagnosed in a few.

Most often we are talking about the acquisition of fragility as a result of:

• chronic malfunctions of the stomach;
• problems with the urinary system;
• chronic infections (tonsillitis, tuberculosis);
• helminthic invasions;
• frequent hair coloring;
• regular perm.

Treatment of this disease begins with identifying the cause and excluding it. Then, procedures that maintain healthy hair are already prescribed. Therapy of the underlying internal disease is the basis for the treatment of hair fragility.

Today, the success and well-being of a modern person is largely determined by the signs of his good physical health and blooming appearance. They pay attention to nails, facial skin, figure and, of course, hair.

Shiny, beautiful, healthy, without cuts, brittleness, dandruff, they testify to good health, which allows you to reach the top, success, authority. While their dull color, lifelessness, baldness, dryness, brittleness, split ends, dandruff and loose strands on the shoulders suggest otherwise.

Therefore, it is so important to identify the disease of curls at the earliest stages and timely contact trichologists for their treatment.